[Renal tubular function in children suffering from iron deficiency anemia]

Background: iron deficiency anemia is the most prevalent blood disease during infancy and childhood and iron deficiency even in the absence anemia could negatively impress the growth and development. Iron deficiency anemia causes the destruction of proximal tubules and extension of peritubular space, especially in the cortex of kidneys. Hypoxia is assumed as the main cause of these changes. According to some studies, treatment with supplemental iron has led to renal function reach it's normal level. We planned our study to to investigate the tubular function in children suffering from iron deficiency anemia in Mofid Children's Hospital

Material and Methods: we performed our descriptive cross sectional study on the children admitted in Mofid Children's Hospital for any reason and the same time suffering from iron deficiency anemia. Via continuous visits and census, 60 children aging between 3-60 month who met inclusion criteria, entered the study and investigated for probable defects in tubular reabsorption of Na,K,Ca, Phos and proteins. Collected data were analyzed by SPSS version 11

Results: 52[87%] patients who entered the study had at least one indicator of tubular dysfunction. While the most common tubulopathy was protein losing [65%], the most uncommon was impaired reabsorption of k+ [p<0.05].Among criterias for iron deficiency anemia, total iron binding capacity[TIBC] was higher in all patients with at least one tubular dysfunction in comparison with patients without such an impairment. The difference between groups was statically significant for defects in reabsorption of Na+, K+ and Phos. ions. Tubular protein losing was more prevalent in younger patients and defects in reabsorption of K+ ion, was more common in patients with lower weight

Conclusions: according to high prevalence rate of tubular dysfunctions among those children suffering from iron deficiency anemia and lower age and weight of these patients; to avoid renal dysfunctions, it is reasonable to start the treatment as soon as possible

[Covered self-expanding metal stent in palliative treatment of dysphagic patient with end-stage malignancy of cardia: the first experience in stent placement and literature review]

Background: More than 50% of patients with carcinoma of the esophagus or gastric cardia have incurable disease at presentation and require palliative treatment for dysphagia. lnsertion of a self-expanding metal stent has become the treatment of choice for these patients. We report successful placement of a covered self-expanding metal stent in a patient with malignant squamous cell carcinoma [SCC] of esophagogastric junction

Case report: A 62-year-old man referred to the gastrointestinal division of the 501 medical center, Tehran, lran due to dysphagia. During upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, a seven cm tumor was seen 35 cm distal to dental line. Histologic examination of the biopsy samples confirmed malignant SCC. The tumor was in stage lll/lV and therefore it was inoperable. Palliative therapy with 11-cm covered Choo stent [Ml-Tech Ltd., Seoul, South Korea] was considered for this patient. On March 12, 2006 after sedation with midazolam, the stent was placed under the fluoroscopic and endoscopic guide. The patient underwent radiotherapy, thereafter. During the two-month follow-up, the patient's general condition recovered and he gained weight

Conclusions: Fluoroscopically guided insertion of covered self-expanding metal stents is a safe and comfortable method of palliation for patients suffering with malignant dysphagia. For prevention of restenosis, covered types should be given priority

Covered self-expanding metal stent in palliative treatment of dysphagic patient with end-stage malignancy of cardia: the first experience in stent placement and literature review

More than 50% of patients with carcinoma of the esophagus or gastric cardia have incurable disease at presentation and require palliative treatment for dysphagia. Insertion of a self-expanding metal stent has become the treatment of choice for these patients. We report successful placement of a covered self-expanding metal stent in a patient with malignant squamous cell carcinoma [SCC] of esophagogastric junction. A 62-year-old man referred to the gastrointestinal division of the 501 medical center, Tehran, Iran due to dysphagia. During upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, a seven cm tumor was seen 35 cm distal to dental line. Histologic examination of the biopsy samples confirmed malignant SCC. The tumor was in stage Ill/IV and therefore it was inoperable. Palliative therapy with 11-cm covered Choo stent [Mi-Tech Ltd., Seoul, South Korea] was considered for this patient. On March 12, 2006 after sedation with midazolam, the stent was placed under the fluoroscopic and endoscopic guide. The patient underwent radiotherapy, thereafter. During the two-month follow-up, the patient's general condition recovered and he gained weight. Fluoroscopically guided insertion of covered self-expanding metal stents is a safe and comfortable method of palliation for patients suffering with malignant dysphagia. For prevention of restenosis, covered types should be given priority