RESUMEN
Ferula gummosa is one of the most important pharmaceutical, industrial and aromatic plants in Iran. The extract and essential oils of this species are used in different industrial, such as, pharmacy, nutritious, manufacture of perfumes, gluing and military industries. In this research, genetic diversity in the landraces of Galbanum taken from different zones in Iran was studied. In this rummage, the genomic DNA was extracted from young leaves and genetic diversity of these landraces was perused. Totally 296 bands were numbered that 89% of them were polymorphic. The number of alleles per each primer combination varied from 20 to 43. The highest and the lowest levels of genetic similarity were 0.87 and 0.56 respectively. The maximum of similarity was observed among landraces of Aridineh-garnadeh velar [Damavand-Tehran] and Polour [Mazandaran], while the minimum of similarity was observed between Ardineh - ashkrizeh valley 3200 [Damavand - Tehran] and Namad Kousar lar [Shemiranat_Tehran]. Cluster analysis using UPGMA method and DICE similarity coefficient indicated a high genetic diversity among F. gummosa landraces. There was not any relationship between genetic diversity and geographic distribution. The results of this research shows, the existence of high genetic diversity among existing Galbanum landraces. With considering, that Galbanum landraces are from different geographic zones and their essence components are different, the existence of genetic diversity in such plants denotes that phytochemical differences in samples are not just controlled by environmental effect, but it also controls by genetic factors. The result of this study is useful for genetic resource management in f. gummosa landraces