RESUMEN
Background: there are many plant extracts which can modulate pain response. Also, studies represented modulatory effects of estradiol on pain
Objectives: the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of hydro alcoholic extract of Portulaca oleracea [purslane] and estradiol on pain threshold in female mice
Methods: in this experimental study, 90 female balb c mice were randomly divided into the control and experimental groups which receiving low, moderate and high doses of purslane extract, estradiol and their combination. Following intraperitoneal administration of the hormone or extract, pain threshold was measured using tail flick test, and acquired data have been analyzed using ANOVA
Results: pain threshold was significantly increased after administration of moderate and high doses of purslane extract with comparing to the control group [P<0.005 and P<0.009, respectively]. Also, the administration of moderate and high doses of estradiol caused significantly increasing of the pain threshold with comparing to the control group [P<0.009 and P<0.001 respectively]. Finally, co-administration the low doses of estradiol and purslane extract and coadministration the high doses of estradiol and purslane extract resulted increasing of the pain threshold with compare to the control group, but there was not significant changed in comparing to the groups which received low doses of estradiol and extract
Conclusion: present study showed that purslane seed extract and estradiol caused increasing of the pain threshold in the female mice. Hence, these results maybe demonstrate morphine-like effects of purslane extract and estradiol
RESUMEN
Introduction: The Perceived Stress Scale [PSS] is one of the few instruments to measure a global level of perceived stress, and has been widely used in a range of clinical and research settings. The main purpose of the present study was to investigate psychometric properties of the Perceived Stress Scale [PSS] among cancer patients
Methods: The exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis methods and internal consistency coefficients were used to compute the PSS's factorial validity and reliability, respectively. This study 155 cancer patients [119 female, 36 male] completed the Perceived Stress Scale [PSS]
Results: The results of principal component analysis [PC] with varimax rotation replicated 2-factor structure of perceived self-efficacy and perceived helplessness for cancer patients. Goodness-of-fit indices of confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the 2 extracted factors. Internal consistency coefficients for perceived self-efficacy, perceived helplessness and total perceived stress were 0/80, 0/60 and 0/76, respectively
Conclusion: In sum, The PSS appears to be a psychometrically sound instrument for measuring psychological perceived stress for Iranian cancer patients
RESUMEN
Introduction: Trauma is ranked four as being a lethal disease. Spinal trauma and the spinal cord injuries arising from the trauma are the cause of 3%death rate. Concomitant spinal cord injuries may lead to neurological deficit and socio-economic problems
Objective: Determining the relative frequency of spinal cord fractures, types and some related factors as recorded in the emergency ward of Poursina hospital in Rasht from 2001 to 2003
Materials and Methods: In a descriptive cross-sectional survey performed on the hospital archive, the patients confined to be suffering from the fracture based on imaging studies from 2001-2003 were included in the study. Exclusion criteria were: mismatch between the report of imaging studies and physician diagnosis, absence of the report in the patients' records and leaving the hospital before making a diagnosis. Variables such as age, sex, trauma mechanism, and place of lesion were extracted and registered in a special form designed for this purpose
Results: After dully studying the bulk of files, 215 in number, 41 cases were omitted from the study. About 71.8% were male. The mean age was 40.75 +/- 15.55 and 23% of them were in the age group of 21-30 years. Burst fracture was the most common fracture type. The majority of accidents were due to falling from height [63.3%].The most common fractures occurred in the lumbar area at the l1 level [60%], thoracic area at the level of T12 [64%] and cervical at the level of C7[40%]
Conclusion: Regarding to the high frequency of spinal injuries followed by falling, we can decline these injuries by paying attention to safety issues
RESUMEN
Background: the question of whether chronic appendicitis can give rise to chronic abdominal pain has always been a matter of controversy. The main purpose of this study was to find a means of diagnosing chronic inflammation of appendix through clinical and histopathological procedures
Methods: a group of 18 patients complaining of frequent pain attacks in their RLQs were involved in our study. The patients' history, clinical and lab findings were closely evaluated. All the patients underwent appendectomy and all their appendices were histopathologically examined. Chronic appendicitis was ruled in with a positive pathology report confirming chronic inflammation. All the patients referred for their follow-up visits in a period of one year
Results: histopathology reports confirmed chronic appendicitis in 16 of the cases [88.8%]. From them 93.7% expressed complete pain relief in the follow-up visits. 62.5% of our patients were women and the rest were men. The patients were categorized into three age groups as those less than 15 years [18.75%], between 15 and 25 years [31.25%] and older than 25 [50%]
Conclusion: it seems as if chronic appendicitis could be blamed for recurrent abdominal pain attacks. The disease is easily cured via appendectomy