RESUMEN
Dental fluorosis is a kind of hypoplasia, enamel and dentin deficiency due to fluoride overuse. Since there is little known about this important dental problem in Southeast area in Iran we designed an analytic descriptive study to estimate the dental flurosis prevalence in 7-10 years old students. Three hundred thirty four [334] children attending to community dentistry center during year 2006, were studied to evaluate the prevalence of dental fluorosis. Dental index [fluorosis rates] identified by a trained dentist. Criteria for definite diagnosis were existence of enamel defects with spread bilaterally and symmetrically. Children with hyperplasia tetracycline -induced, acute febrile illness in childhood and fêtai birth dental defects [Dentinogenesis imperfecta, Amelogensis imperfect] were excluded from this study. The prevalence of dental flurosis estimated to be 30.8 percent in this sample. Dental fluorosis protests in the subjects were so: enamel opacities [70. 6%]/discoloration [l 4.2%], pit [1.36%], enamel opacities and discoloration [l 2.9%]/enamel opacities and pit [1%]. Superior anterior teeth were the most effected by fluorosis. There are significant difference in dental fluorosis between boys and girls [P=0.004], and intensity was higher in boys [37.5% versus 22.6%]. fluorosis pattern no clear difference in both sexes [P=0.27]. The prevalence of fluorosis was estimated 30.8% and intensity was higher in boys in Zahedan. Therefore it is essentiel that fluoride source and amount of fluoridation of drinking water be considered in Zahedan city
RESUMEN
Recurrent aphthous stomatitis [RAS] is the most common oral ulcerative disease that affects 20% of general population. The etiology of RAS is unknown and it is due several different mechanisms. The purpose of study was to assess the epidemiology and related factors in its occurrence. In this descriptive -cross sectional study, 1105 persons attending to health centers in Zahedan, selected in a multi-stage random manner, were assessed for abundance and effective factors in development of RAS. The data were gathered as single stage and by interview, completion of a questionnaire and clinical examination. The data were analyzed by Chi-squared test using SPSS software. Among 1105 persons [476 males and 629 females] examined, 199 persons [18%] were affected by aphthea and 168 [84.4%] case had minor, 26 case [13.1%] had major and 5 case [2.5%] had herpetiform aphthea. In this research, there were significant correlations between the abundance of RAS and age [P<0.001], education [P<0.001], job [P=0.002], allergy [P=0.02], kind of allergy [P =0.004], predisposing disease [P =0.005], family history [P< 0.001] and brushing [P<0.001]. No significant differences were found between the abundance of RAS and gender, using snuf, tobacco or mouth wash. RAS is a multifactorial lesion and factors such as age, high-stress job, high education, trauma and allergy are positively co-related with occurrence of the aphthea