RESUMEN
Background: Dengue is a mosquito borne viral disease which is endemic in the tropical and subtropical regions. In the recent years it has become a significant public health problem and its incidence is increasing in India. In 2016 1.1 lakh new dengue cases were reported in India. The objectives of the study was to describe the frequency and distribution of dengue infection and to determine the association between dengue infection and selected variables.Methods: The study is a hospital based retrospective study conducted in a tertiary care hospital in a rural area of Kancheepuram district. Three-year data (January 2015 to December 2017) was collected from the medical records department of the hospital. Dengue cases were diagnosed by ELISA test.Results: Among 340 dengue patients admitted in the hospital 240 (74.5%) were male and 100 (25.5%) were female. In this study, 306 (90%) patients were of the classical dengue type and 34 (10%) patients belong to dengue haemorrhagic fever type. There is a spike in the case load after the monsoons. There was a positive statistical significant association (p<0.0001) between dengue infection and male sex, low socioeconomic status and platelet count at the time of admission.Conclusions: Results of the study indicate that there should be proper education of the public through various available Medias and awareness campaigns. All dengue patients must be appropriately treated in order to prevent complications. The national vector borne disease control program must extend its coverage to combat dengue infection.
RESUMEN
Background: Cardio vascular disease (CVD) is the number 1 cause of death globally and an estimated 17.7 million people died from CVD in 2015, representing 31% of all global deaths. In India CVD accounts for 25% of all deaths. The objectives of the study was to estimate the prevalence of CVD among the study population and to determine the association between CVD and various risk factors.Methods: This is a cross sectional study carried out in the rural field practice area attached to SBMCH. The study group were 400 adults (20-60 years). The data was collected using a structured questionnaire containing socio-demographic particulars, details regarding CVD risk factors and physical measurements. Data was entered in MS Excel and analysed using SPSS 15 software.Results: Prevalence of CVD is 24.3% and of which hypertension (18%), coronary artery disease (6%), stroke (2.2%) and valvular heart disease (1%). The prevalence of risk factors are age >40 (63%), tobacco use (17.8%), alcohol use (22.3%), physical inactivity (52%), unhealthy diet (61.4%), obesity (19.7%), diabetes (13.6%) and positive family history (21.4%). There is a strong statistically significant association between CVD and age (p=0.008, OR-1.968), tobacco use (p<0.0001, OR-10.029), obesity (p<0.0001, OR-13.462) and positive family history (p<0.0001, OR-13.964).Conclusions: In this study prevalence of CVD is high. It is necessary to minimize the burden of growing CVD by controlling the rates of the risky behaviours by lifestyle modification and by increasing awareness regarding CVD.