Environmental impacts assessment of industrial estate providing with managerial process

At this study, an environmental impact assessment establishment of Shahzand Industrial Estate in Arak at the central part of Iran was investigated. After collection of data and analysis of the findings, the positive and negative impacts resulted from establishment of the industrial estate were investigated, using the Leopold Matrix and Scaling checklist methods providing the managerial solutions in order to minimize the environmental harmful impacts. The existing environmental situation was investigated and then environmental impact alternatives were determined. This was done regarding to the amount and kind of predicted pollutions for industrial estate at the construction and operational phases. The environmental impact assessment of the investigated estate was studied at the three terms of immediate, direct and indirect impacts at the short, medium and long term. By expanding of Leopold Matrix to four parted matrix, in addition to amount, importance and extend of the impacts, the remaining duration of impact in the environment were assessed as a separate factor in environmental impact assessment. The results of the study with two alternatives, such as; No [performance of the project with no concern for environmental issue] and as yes [performance of the project with application of the environmental harmful impacts] were studied in construction and operation phases. The impact assessment of "NO" property resulted [-1065], therefore the execution of project was rejected, but after reducing the harmftil impact performance which were resulted [+1095] has been accepted. Therefore, method of reducing harmful environmental impacts along with environmental management programs introduced and accepted in this study

Useful field of view and risk of accident in simulated car driving

This study investigated the relationship between Useful Field of View and simulator-driving performance measures. Ninety professional drivers, aged 22-65 years from several government organizations voluntarily participated at this study. Useful Field of View was measured by a computerized task was developed at the present study. The participants then performed a driving simulator task and experienced a scenario that could lead to an accident. Reaction time and speed were measured and recorded by simulator and general driving performance and collision events were recorded by examiner. The reduction of Useful Field of View based on subject's error score on Useful Field of View subtests between young and old group statistically was analyzed. Correlation analyses used to examine the relationship among the Useful Field of View as an independent variable and driving performance measures as a dependent variables. A univariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the extent to which reduction of Useful Field of View predicts risk of accident in simulated car driving. There was a significant and negative correlation between Useful Field of View and simulator performance, on the divided peripheral subtest [Correlation Coefficient-0.28]. Student's t-tests revealed significant differences in peripheral scores of Useful Field of View subtests between accident involved and non-involved groups. The result of logistic regression indicated that 40% reduction of Useftil Field of View, regardless of age, increased risk of accident involvement. Useftil Field of View could be used to predict driving performance and risk of accident. The obtained result can help to identify a high risk driver which is useful to licensing authorities