Clinico-pathological and histological observations in Oreochromis niloticus exposed to the molluscicidal activity of Anagallis arvensis

The exposure of Nile tilapia [Oreochromis niloticus] to dry powder suspension of Anagallis arvensis at concentrations of 50 ppm and 100 ppm for 24 and 48 hours was considered to study the reaction of this fish against the used plant. A. arvensis was previously succeeded as an effective molluscicide for the control of Schistosoma and Fasciola snails. The present study aimed to test the effect of the molluscicidal doses of Saboon El-Gheit [A. arvensis] on some serum parameters and some tissue histopathological observations of O. niloticus to clarify whether this plant is safe, nontoxic and fit for this type of fish or not. O. niloticus exposed to the plant suspension showed no clinical symptoms and no patho-anatomic signs externally or internally after the exposure periods and at sampling. The results revealed that the dry powder suspension of A. arvensis at molluscicidal concentrations has neither toxic nor hazardous effects for O. niloticus

Studies on danofloxacin in chicks vaccinated with newcastle disease virus vaccine

In Hubbard chicks, oral administration of therapeutic and twofold dose of danofloxacin for three successive days post-vaccination with Newcastle disease virus vaccine induced a slight immunostimulant effect manifested by an increase in haemagglutination inhibition titres in vaccinated treated groups. Moreover, the drug at therapeutic doses, resulted in a significant [P < 0.05] increase of body gain in treated chicks compared with non treated ones. On the other hand, therapeutic doses of danofloxacin had no adverse effects on liver and kidney functions. Double therapeutic doses of danofloxacin elicited a significant [P < 0,05] increase in serum uric acid, creatinine, urea, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate amino transferase and a decrease in serum albumin. In addition, degenerative changes in liver and kidney, and lymphocytic depletion in the thymus, spleen and bursa of fabricius were detected. It could be concluded that therapeutic doses of danofloxacin Induce a slight immunostimulant effect in chicks immunized with Newcastle disease virus vaccine, coupled with no adverse effects on body gain, liver Nrand kidney functions