Prevalence and risk factors for spousal violence among women attending health care centres in Alexandria, Egypt

We conducted a cross-sectional survey to determine the prevalence of, and factors affecting, spousal violence among 3271 ever-married women attending 12 randomly selected family health centres in Alexandria Governorate. More than three-quarters of the participants [77%] reported experiencing spousal violence during their marital life. Emotional violence was the most common type reported [71.0%], followed by physical [50.3%], economic [40.8%] and sexual [37.1%] violence. The study confirms the high prevalence of spousal violence across all socioeconomic strata. Logistic regression analysis indicated large family size, divorce or separation, low educational attainment of husband, smoking habit and drug use in husband, husband's psychological status and history of exposure to physical violence during adolescence were associated with spousal violence. This high rate of spousal violence highlights the urgent need for government and civil society to address the issue, which hinders progress toward Egypt's development goals

Effect of different patterns of potassium fertilization on growth and yield of canola [Brassica napus L.] grown under different levels of saline irrigation

Two pot experiments were conducted during the winter seasons of [2002/2003 and 2003/2004] in the green house of the National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza Egypt to study the effect of different methods of potassium application on growth, yield and chemical constituent of canola grown under different levels of saline irrigation. Salinity has a depressing effect on various growth and yield parameters. Method of potassium application might have a stimulating effect on alleviating the adverse effects of salinity. Foliar application with 5.6 cm 3/L potassein plus soil application of potassium with the rate of 24 kg K 2O/ fed have stimulating effect on most growth parameters i.e. number of leaves and branches, dry weight of leaves, stem and whole plant and photosynthetic pigments as well as yield parameters i.e. number and weight of pods, straw and seed yield, seed index and oil percentage