Teratogenic effects of ciprofloxacin and pefloxacin in pregnant rats

The adverse effects of ciprofloxacin and pefloxacin on rat fetuses following oral administration to the pregnant rats were studied. Ciprofloxacin and pefloxacin were given daily to pregnant rats at two [therapeutic and double therapeutic] dosage levels during the period of organogenesis [from the 6[th] to the 15[th] of gestation]. Oral administration of ciprofloxacin at 4.5 and 9 mg/100 g.b.wt. to pregnant rats induced fetal resorption, death and growth retardation. Visceral examination of live fetuses showed microcephaly, hypoplasia of the heart and lungs and dilatation of renal pelvis. Skeletal examination reveated incomplete ossification of skull bones and absence of some coccygeal vertebrae. Pefloxacin at 7.2 6 mg/100 g. b. wt. decrease the number of live fetuses and caused microcephaly, hypoplasia of the heart and lungs, dilatation of the renal pelvis. It also induced incomplete ossification of skull bones and absence of sternbrae and phalanges of forelimbs. A great attention should be considered during the clinical use of ciprofloxacin and pefloxacin in pregnant women and animals to avoid their teratogenic effects

effects of L-thyroxin replacement therapy on bone mineral and body composition in hypothyroid children

This study aimed to detect the effects of L-T4 treatment on bone mineral and body composition in hypothyroid children, Thirty five hypothyroid patients [10 males and 25 females], mean age was 11.57 +/- 5.06 yr. Twenty six children of matched age and sex served as controls, Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry [DXA] was done to detect the bone mineral density [BMD], bone mineral content [BMC] and Z score at lumbar and femur neck regions. Body composition was also studied by DXA. Serum calcium, phosphorus, osteocalcin, osteoprotegrin and urinary deoxypyridinoline were measured. No significant differences were detected in lumbar Z score [-0.19 +/- 0.65] and femur Z score [-0.16 +/- 0.57] compared to controls [-0.33 +/- 0.75] and [-0.21 +/- 0.53] respectively. BMD and BMC are not significantly different from controls. No significant difference was detected between cases and controls as regard body composition. Positive correlation was detected between BMD and age [r 0.857, P<0.01], and with the period of treatment [r=0.766, P<0.01]. Positive correlation was existed between BMD and total body fat [r=0.693, P<0.01], and with abdominal fat [r=0.667, P<0.01]. L-T4 treatment in hypothyroid children doesn't alter bone metabolism and body composition

Chilaiditi's sign in a 12 year old mentally instutionalised blind girl: a new association?

A 12 year old, blind Bedouin female with microcephaly, profound mental retardation, proportionate short stature and associated hepato diaphragmatic interposition of the colon is reported. It seems that this association represents a new syndrome

Effect of avotan on the immune response and performance of chickens

Forty five commercial day old chicks were divided into three equal groups, the first one was kept as a control and fed on unmedicated feed, the second and third groups were given avotan in dietary concentrations of 1 and 2 g/kg, respectively. The control and treated chickens were vaccinated with NDV at 2 weeks of age and blood samples were collected at 4 weeks of experiment for determination of HI titer and serum electrophoretic pattern. At the 6th week, 5 birds from each group were injected intradermally in the right wattle with 0.1 ml killed oil adjuvant NDV vaccine for dermal sensitivity reaction. The chickens were weighed weekly throughout the experiment [52 days]. Weight gain, feed consumption and feed conversion ratio were recorded. The results showed significant increase of HI titer, dermal reaction, total and gamma-globulins in the treated groups. Marked increase of weight gain and improvement of feed conversion were also observed

Clinico-laboratory studies on hypophosphatemia in buffaloes

This study was carried out on 19 buffalos, 12 of them were suffering from discolored urine, anorexia, and decrease in milk yield. The rest of animals [7] were clinically healthy and used as control. Clinical examination revealed sudden onset of the different cases as the history referred. Temperature was normal while pulse and respiratory rates were increased. Mucous membranes were pale, anemic or ictric. Urine color ranged from dark reddish brown to black. Examination of the blood smears revealed no blood parasites in diseased animals. The results of blood picture showed highly significant decrease in PCV, hemoglobin and RBCs count. Moreover, the biochemical results of blood serum phosphorus, calcium, and copper showed a significant decrease in phosphorus, while calcium and copper concentration were similar to those of control animals. The results of biochemical analysis of blood serum sodium, potassium and chloride were insignificantly changed

Uterine rupture and ectopic pregnancy in a mare

A case of uterine rupture and ectopic pregnancy in a mare was diagnosed. The physical examination showed an alert and responsive animal. The rectal examination revealed a nearly full term alive fetus in the abdominal cavity still surrounded by all of the placental membranes. Vaginal examination showed a widely dilated and an empty uterus. After examination abdominal contraction became more stronger, and uterine prolapse occurred. An incision was made in the prolapsed uterus to pull the fetus out, and hysterectomy was performed

Topical use of benzydamine HCL for management of oral ulcerative lesions

The objective of this study was to investigate the local anesthetic propertyof 0.75% w/v concentration benzydamine hydrochloride to control pain in avariety of painful oral ulcerative conditions. Sixty-three patients ranged in age from 14-64 years, with no history of either recent systemic or topical medication were included in this study. Diminished pain perception began at 1 min after the application of the test drug and increased gradually, started at the tongue, floor of mouth, inner surface of the lip, cheeks, soft palate then hard palate. After 10 min pain sensation was completely relieved in 49 out of 63 patients. The other 14 patients were suffering from pain in spite of anesthesia felt in the surrounding tissue away from the lesion and they were all suffering from deep extensive ulcers. 16 patients of the 63 volunteers complained from burning sensation just after the application, but by about 10 min, the burning sensation decreased with increasing anesthetic effect. The initial level of pain perception started to be regained 30 min after application and reached the initial level after 1-1.5.hours

effect of benzydamine hydrochloride mouth wash: clinical and histopathologic evaluation of benzydamine hydrochloride mouth wash for the treatment of periodontal diseases

This clinical and histopathologic study substantiated the anti-inflammatory effect of benzydamine hydrochloride [Tantum Verd] mouth wash. Also, the use of such mouth wash for one month was completely safe. The use of anti-inflammatory mouth wash could be a useful adjunct to other means of periodontal therapy

Investigation of the protein content of certain vicia species growing in Egypt

Qualitative and quantitative studies were carried out on the proteins of the stems, leaves and seeds of Vicia faba L. [var. minor], Vicia sativa L. and Vicia calcarata Desf. These studies revealed that the plants contain a large content of nutritive proteins which include high percentage of essential amino acids in their molecules

Interaction between verapamil and some oral hypoglycaemic drugs in normal and alloxan diabetic rats

Eight albino rats of both sexes, weighing 250 - 300 gm were used. Rats were divided into two groups each of forty, one of them as normal fasted and the other as alloxan diabetic one. Diabetic rats obtained by subcutaneous injection of alloxan in a dose of 120 mg/kg body weight. The drug interaction between verapamil and three common oral hypo-glycaemic drugs were studied. Sulfonylurea drugs [tolbutamide and glibenclamide] and N.N. dimethyl guanyl-guanidine were used. Verapamil alone, increased blood sugar level in normal fasted and alloxan diabetic rats. Also, in combination verapamil interfere with the hypoglycaemic effect of the beforementioned oral hypoglycaemic drugs in normal fasted and alloxan diabetic rats. This result was explained as a result of interference with insulin secretion by blocking slow-inward conducting channels of Ca++

Probable interaction between calcium entry blocker [Verapamil] and hypoglycaemic drugs in rats

Eighty albino rats of both sexes, weighing 250-300 g were used. Rats were divided into two groups each of 40, one of them as normal fasted and the other as alloxan diabetic one. Diabetic rats were obtained by subcutaneous injection of alloxan in a dose of 120 mg/kg body weight. The drug interaction between verapamil and three common oral hypoglycemic drugs were studied. Sulfonylurea drugs [tolbutamide and glibenclamide] and N,N-dimethyl guanyl-guanidine were used. Verapamil alone, increased blood sugar level in normal fasted and alloxan diabetic rats. Also, in combination verapamil interfere with the hypoglycemic effect of the before mentioned oral hypoglycemic drugs in normal fasted and alloxan diabetic rats. This result was explained as a result of interference with insulin secretion by blocking slow-inward conducting channels of Ca ++

Effect of combined combelen and polamivet on the splenic and peripheral circulating blood in dogs

The erythropenic effect of combelen- polamivet combination upon the splenic and circulating level of erythrocytes were investigated in 15 dogs. It was demonstrated that the increase in splenic haematocrit, red blood cell count and haemoglobin content as well as the reduction of these parameters in the peripheral blood is largely due to the splenic preservation of red cells. The date indicated that there was a reduction in the red cell diameter and the spleen was dilated more than three times its normal size