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1.
Indian J Med Microbiol ; 2013 Oct-Dec; 31(4): 409-411
Artículo en Inglés | IMSEAR | ID: sea-156828

RESUMEN

Nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) are established foodborne pathogens, most commonly reported in cases of gastroenteritis. These pathogens are however, increasingly being implicated in cases of bacteraemia and other extraintestinal manifestations. We report a case of a scalp abscess due to Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis, which is a serotype of NTS, in a child suffering from a haematologic malignancy. The child was on steroid and anticancer chemotherapy and developed the abscess secondary to bacteraemia with Salmonella Enteritidis. The abscess was drained and resolved following a course of intravenous antibiotic treatment.

2.
Indian J Pediatr ; 2010 Dec ; 77 (12): 1434-1436
Artículo en Inglés | IMSEAR | ID: sea-157200

RESUMEN

The authors report case of a two and half years old female child presented with fever for one month with hepatosplenomegaly. Though the child had been symptomatic for a prolonged period, she did not appear very unwell at presentation. However, after admission there was sudden rapid deterioration of her clinical status. Investigations revealed hemophagocytosis with brucella infection.

3.
Indian J Pediatr ; 2009 Oct; 76(10): 1013-1016
Artículo en Inglés | IMSEAR | ID: sea-142395

RESUMEN

Objective. To report causes, clinical feature and outcome of children with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). Methods. The case records of children admitted with ARDS from June 2003 to June 2006 were retrospectively reviewed and the data collected was analyzed. Results. A total of 17 children were diagnosed as ARDS during study period giving an incidence of 22.7/1,000 admissions. The mean (SD) age was 74.5 (56.32) mo [range 6 -144 mo]. Primary lung pathology contributed to a (53%) cases of ARDS while the rest (47%) had non pulmonary causes.There was not any significant different in mortality between these two groups. Similarly when infections and non infections conditions were considered separately there was no difference in survival. All children were ventilated using Pressure Controlled Ventilation. The mean (SD) duration of ventilation was 5.0 days [range 1-10 days]. The maximum PEEP (SD) used during the course of ventilation was 10 (3.37) cm H2O [range 7- 18], while the maximum PIP (SD) used was 31 (3.75) cm H2O (range 25-36). The overall mortality was 70%; highest in children less than 2 years of age. Majority of the children had shock as the most common comorbid factor and had a high mortality (73.3%). Conclusion. The high incidence and mortality of ARDS and the presence of a large proportion of potentially preventable accidents and poisoning cases in the study group underline the need for health education measures addressing preventive strategies among the rural population.


Asunto(s)
Distribución por Edad , Causas de Muerte , Niño , Preescolar , Estudios de Cohortes , Femenino , Mortalidad Hospitalaria/tendencias , Humanos , Incidencia , India , Lactante , Cuidados Críticos/métodos , Unidades de Cuidado Intensivo Pediátrico , Masculino , Probabilidad , Síndrome de Dificultad Respiratoria/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Dificultad Respiratoria/epidemiología , Síndrome de Dificultad Respiratoria/terapia , Estudios Retrospectivos , Medición de Riesgo , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Distribución por Sexo , Análisis de Supervivencia
4.
Indian J Pediatr ; 2009 Sept; 76(9): 954-955
Artículo en Inglés | IMSEAR | ID: sea-142380

RESUMEN

A 35-day-old male infant with presumed shaken baby syndrome is reported. This first born child to mother educated upto middle school and father tailor by occupation was brought from a remote village 180 kms away from JIPMER. Poor feeding, focal clonic seizures were the initial symptoms. The fundus examination revealed fresh preretinal and vitreous hemorrhages. CT Brain showed right sided subdural hemorrhage with subarachnoid extension and midline shift. He had a normal platelet count and coagulation profile. The sensorium deteriorated and infant expired despite adequate ventilatory support.


Asunto(s)
Características Culturales , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Resultado Fatal , Humanos , India , Lactante , Masculino , Síndrome del Bebé Sacudido/diagnóstico , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X
5.
Indian J Pediatr ; 2007 Nov; 74(11): 1032-3
Artículo en Inglés | IMSEAR | ID: sea-84772

RESUMEN

Acute lupus pneumonitis in an 11-year-old girl with lupus nephritis is reported. Chest radiograph and arterial blood gas parameters were suggestive of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). Definitive pulmonary infection was excluded by investigations and poor clinical response to antibiotics. The respiratory worsening warranted ventilatory support with very high pressures. A trial of intravenous immunoglobulin was given following which there was improvement in the ventilatory requirements by 36 hours. The child was successfully weaned off ventilator and discharged from ICU by day 7. The role of intravenous immunoglobulin during acute life threatening pulmonary emergencies in a case of SLE prompted this clinical brief.


Asunto(s)
Niño , Terapia Combinada , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunoglobulinas Intravenosas/uso terapéutico , Nefritis Lúpica/complicaciones , Neumonía/complicaciones , Respiración con Presión Positiva
6.
Indian J Pediatr ; 2007 Jul; 74(7): 641-4
Artículo en Inglés | IMSEAR | ID: sea-78476

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To study if different forms of clinical presentation of tuberculosis in children are associated with a different type of tuberculin reaction. METHODS: This cross sectional study, describing Tuberculin skin testing (TST) responses in 268 children (134 cases and 134 controls) less than 12 yr of age was carried out over a period of 18 months at JIPMER, a tertiary care referral hospital in Pondicherry, India. The qualitative and quantitative TST responses in various clinical forms of Tuberculosis were analysed. RESULTS: Koch's and Listeria variants were more common in children with TB Lymphadenitis and Pulmonary TB respectively. 10% of the study children with TB meningitis were tuberculin negative. CONCLUSION: Qualitative TST responses are non-homogeneous among the various clinical types of childhood tuberculosis. They are not a correlate of protective immunity with little or no prognostic significance.


Asunto(s)
Vacuna BCG , Niño , Preescolar , Humanos , Lactante , Prueba de Tuberculina , Tuberculosis/diagnóstico
7.
Indian Pediatr ; 2007 Jun; 44(6): 467-8
Artículo en Inglés | IMSEAR | ID: sea-10381
8.
Indian Pediatr ; 2007 Mar; 44(3): 228-30
Artículo en Inglés | IMSEAR | ID: sea-13606

RESUMEN

We report acute onset quadriplegia in a ten year old boy associated with basal ganglia lesions due to biotin deficiency. Prolonged raw egg consumption was identified as predisposing factor for biotin deficiency. Treatment with biotin resulted in remarkable recovery.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Ganglios Basales/diagnóstico , Biotina/deficiencia , Niño , Huevos/efectos adversos , Humanos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Masculino , Cuadriplejía/tratamiento farmacológico , Deficiencia de Vitamina B/diagnóstico
9.
Artículo en Inglés | IMSEAR | ID: sea-110553

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Various serological techniques have been developed to detect antibodies and antigens in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for diagnosis of tubercular meningitis. Most of the serological assays are ELISA based. Attempts have been made to use much simpler antigen detection techniques like the reverse passive haemagglutination (RPHA)which is simple and cost-effective. AIMS: To evaluate the reverse passive haemagglutination (RPHA) test for detection of mycobacterial antigens in the CSF for diagnosis of tubercular meningitis. METHODS: In the present study, we have made the use of polyclonal antiserum against heat killed whole Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli to sensitize the RBCs in RPHA to detect antigens in clinically suspected cases. A total of 46 cases (clinically suspected TBM 24, culture proven TBM 2, non- TBM cases 20) were included in the present study for detecting M. tuberculosis antigen in the CSF specimens. RESULTS: Of the 26 test CSF specimens, 13 CSF specimens were positive by RPHA while 4 of the 20 control CSF specimens were also reactive. Two culture positive specimens included in the study were positive by RPHA. Of the 4 control CSF specimens positive by RPHA, 3 were culture proven cases of pneumococcal meningitis and 1 was a case of cryptococcal meningitis. The RPHA is found to be 50% sensitive and 80% specific; and showed a 76.4 % positive predictive value and a 55.2 % negative predictive value. CONCLUSION: The RPHA is a simple test that could be used as an adjunct in diagnosing TBM. It does not require any special equipment or technically trained or skilled manpower. It is economical and can be afforded for use in community where TBM is more prevalent. Even though the present study showed a poor sensitivity and specificity, further identification, characterization and evaluation of better immuno-dominant and specific antigens or epitopes, and the usage of antibodies developed against such mycobacterial antigens might improve the sensitivity and specificity of this test.


Asunto(s)
Antígenos Bacterianos/análisis , Líquido Cefalorraquídeo/microbiología , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Pruebas de Hemaglutinación/métodos , Humanos , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/inmunología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Sensibilidad y Especificidad
11.
Indian Pediatr ; 2006 Jul; 43(7): 613-7
Artículo en Inglés | IMSEAR | ID: sea-10377

RESUMEN

This study was designed to examine the effect of nitroglycerine infusion in children hospitalized for scorpion sting with severe myocardial dysfunction and decompensated shock. Children satisfying the inclusion criteria were started on nitroglycerine infusion under hemodynamic monitoring and other supportive measures. The effects of nitroglycerine, including improvement in oxygenation and decrease in pulmonary congestion and liver size were recorded. Seven out of 11 children responded well to nitroglycerine therapy and the clinical response was evident within 30 to 60 minutes. The first parameter to improve was oxygen saturation, followed by an improvement in the blood pressure and respiratory rate. Heart rate was the last parameter to improve after nitroglycerine infusion. The average duration of nitroglycerine infusion was 25 hours (12 - 36 hours). It was seen that the non-survivors had significant tachycardia at admission, and a greater need for assisted ventilation compared to the survivors. We conclude that nitroglycerine therapy could bring about significant improvement in myocardial function and hemodynamic parameters with a potential for improved survival.


Asunto(s)
Animales , Picaduras de Arañas/complicaciones , Cardiotónicos/uso terapéutico , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Nitroglicerina/uso terapéutico , Estudios Prospectivos , Escorpiones , Choque Cardiogénico/tratamiento farmacológico , Venenos de Araña/envenenamiento , Vasodilatadores/uso terapéutico
14.
15.
Indian J Pediatr ; 2006 Apr; 73(4): 359-60
Artículo en Inglés | IMSEAR | ID: sea-80992

RESUMEN

Naxos disease (OMIM 601214) characterized by wooly hair, palmoplantar keratoderma and dilated cardiomyopathy in two Indian children of the same family is described.


Asunto(s)
Anomalías Múltiples/diagnóstico , Cardiomiopatía Dilatada/diagnóstico por imagen , Preescolar , Resultado Fatal , Femenino , Cabello/anomalías , Humanos , Queratodermia Palmoplantar/diagnóstico , Síndrome
17.
Indian J Pediatr ; 2006 Jan; 73(1): 99-100
Artículo en Inglés | IMSEAR | ID: sea-84674

RESUMEN

Wilson's disease in an 11-year-old girl with generalized weakness and respiratory failure is reported. The child succumbed to severe hypokalemia refractory to therapy progressing to acute renal failure and death. This atypical presentation and course prompted this clinical brief.


Asunto(s)
Niño , Resultado Fatal , Femenino , Degeneración Hepatolenticular/complicaciones , Humanos , Hipopotasemia/etiología , Cuadriplejía/etiología , Insuficiencia Respiratoria/etiología , Insuficiencia del Tratamiento
19.
Indian J Pediatr ; 2005 Oct; 72(10): 889-90
Artículo en Inglés | IMSEAR | ID: sea-83598

RESUMEN

Tumoral calcinosis is a rare disorder of mineral metabolism among adolescents and young adults characterized by deposition of calcific masses around large joints. It is less commonly reported in pediatric population and commonly mistaken for bone tumors. Typical lab parameters include hyperphosphatemia with normal levels of serum calcium, parathyroid hormone (PTH) and alkaline phosphatase. A ten-year-old boy with typical features of tumoral calcinosis is presented.


Asunto(s)
Fosfatasa Alcalina/sangre , Nalgas , Calcinosis/sangre , Calcio/sangre , Niño , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Articulación de la Cadera , Humanos , Artropatías/etiología , Masculino , Hormona Paratiroidea/sangre , Fosfatos/sangre , Trastornos del Metabolismo del Fósforo , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X
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