Complicated steinstrasse after ESWL

23 steinstrasse formations in the first 1000 extracorporeal Shock wave lithotripsy treatments required intervention. 7 cases received a primary ureteric stent: Ureteric catheter[5], double-J-stent [2] to relieve obstruction and/or infection and the gravels passed spontaneously; one required endoscopic ureteral meatotomy; 13 required ureteroscopic manipulations; an upper ureteric steinstrasse required a combined ureteroscopy and percutaneous nephrolithotomy and another one underwent open surgery