RESUMEN
This study was done to determine presenting features and treatment outcome of Rhino-Orbital-Cerebral Mucormycosis [ROCM]. This cross sectional study was conducted during 14 years [from 1998-2012] in two educational hospitals of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in patients with rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis. Clinical symptoms, predisposing factors, demografic parameter and treatment outcome were collected by SPSS and analyzed by cox regression model. A total of 123 cases were [92 proven, 1 probable, 30 possible]. From 92 cases of proven rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis, 52% men and 48% women were recorded. The most risk factor were diabet 42.4% and immune deficiency 38%. From which 32 patients have hematologic malignancy [50% ALL, 37.5% AML, 6.3% aplastic anemia, 6.3% other]. Mean time of admission in hospital were 30.1 +/- 29.3 days [1-230 days]. The sign and symptoms were fever 41.3%, nasal ulceration or necrosis of palate 54.3%, orbital sign 59.7%, Headache 55.4%, central nervous system sign 28.2% and facial sign 53.2%. Median time between first symptoms and start of amphotricin B was 8.2 +/- 8.6 days. Treatment consist of both surgery and amphotricin B was done in 70.5% of patients. Mean number of surgery were 1.8 +/- 1.5. The mean time of mortality was 60.3 +/- 83 day. Thirty seven percent of patients survived with a 6 months follow up. Initial symptoms of sinus invasion by mucormycosis are indistinguishable from other more common causes of sinusitis. We must consider these diseases if there is nasal ulceration or necrosis of palate with fever and orbital sign. Diabet and immune deficiency are the most risk factor for rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis. There is no relationship between age, predisposing factors and adverse effect of drugs with survival. Progression to central nervous system in imaging pattern are related with hospital mortality. Treatment modality and number of surgery affect to mortality P=0.001, P=0.033. Survival was affected with the total dose of amphotericin B [P=0.026]