[Effect of knee isokinetic extension training with maximum lateral tibial rotation on vastus amplitudes in patellofemoral pain syndrome patients]

Objective: Patellofemoral pain syndrome [PFPS] is one of the most common knee chronic disorders especially among females that is closely related to forces imbalance of vastus medial is oblique [VMO] and vastus lateral is [VL] muscles. The purpose of study was to examine the effect of knee isokinetic extension in maximum lateral tibia rotation on VMO and VL amplitudes in PFPS patients

Materials and Methods: Thirty-six women with PFPS participated voluntarily in this study and were randomly placed in one of three groups included the VMO selective isokinetic strengthening exercise, quadriceps general strengthening and control groups. Each exercise was performed for 8 weeks. Muscle RMS of VMO and VL and VMO/VL RMS ratio were recorded and calculated before and after training using of an 8-channels electromyography system. Data analysis was made by analyses of variance with repeated measures

Results: In baseline, VMO amplitude was less than VL in all groups [P0.05]. Yet, after interventions, VMO amplitude and VMO/VL amplitude ratio were more in selective group than in general and control groups [P

Conclusion: According to the study results, isokinetic extension training with maximum lateral tibia rotation and in close to knee full extension can be recommended as an appropriate training for improving VMO/VL electrical activity ratio and decreasing imbalance between lateral and medial vastus muscles amplitudes in patients with PFPS

Comparing radiation receiving dose at 50 Cm distance of the source of radiation and nearby room during fluoroscopic percutaneous nephrolithotomy

One of the radioactive sources in operating room is fluoroscopy which is used in a variety of surgical operations. Because the operating room walls are not protected by lead, this study was done to measure the radiation receiving dose at nearby room during fluoroscopic percutaneous nephrolithotomy. After randomization, we measured x-ray in distance of 0.5 m, behind wall [3.50 m], and 30 meter [background dose] in 40 urological procedures in a simultaneous manner for a period of two months by using 12 thermoluminescent chips, and compared the results using independent T test. The total fluoroscopy time was 66.90 minutes and the mean voltage used was 76.38 kV. Mean radiation dose for 40 procedures received at a distance of 0.5 meter was 0.426 +/- 0.188 with minimum of 0.260 and maximum 0.689 mSv, while radiation dose received by a nearby room was zero. There was statistically significant difference between the amount of radiation received at distance of 0.5 meter and the adjoining room [P <0.05]. The amount of radiation received at 0.5 meter was high and safety guidelines should be considered. Furthermore, the dose of radiation received in a neighboring room like the background dose was zero which means that working in adjoining rooms is safe

Dog bites among off-road cyclists: a report of two cases

As the field of off-road cycling is usually remote areas with limited access to medical care, off-road cyclists are at higher risk of animal attacks and related injuries. We report two cases of dog attacks in off-road cycling and discuss the basic principles in prevention and management of such incidents. The cyclists received all 5-dose regimen of the rabies vaccine and returned to sport after 6 weeks. During 6-month follow-up period, no complications were observed. To reduce the probability of dog attacks and its complications, the off-road cyclists should be familiar with some basic principles. They should also be educated about initial on-site management of the related injuries, which may have a great impact on decreasing further complications