RESUMEN
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease [NAFLD] is the most common form of chronic liver disease. It has been reported that visceral fat releases free fatty acids and arises fat accumulation in the liver. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the some biomarkers of NAFLD risk in adult general population. An analytical - descriptive study was carried out on a total of 1529 randomly selected individuals [797 male and 732 female] aged 30-88 years in Zahedan. The characteristics of socio-demographic, medical history, food habits and lifestyle factors were obtained by a validated questionnaire, liver ultrasonography and routine laboratory tests were performed with the use of standard techniques. The assessment of waist circumference [WC] and waist to hip ratio [WHR] was performed as central obesity indices. The mean levels of WC and WHR were 92 +/- 11.7 cm and 0.91 +/- 0.06 in men, and 91.2 +/- 12.4 cm and 0.88 +/- 0.07 in women, respectively. 39.7% and 37% of subjects had hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia, respectively. Ultrasonography findings demonstrated diffuse fatty liver in 40.9% subjects. Data also showed low consumption of fruits and vegetables and fish, and high consumption of saturated fatty acids [SFAs] and fast foods in the majority of obesity and NAFLD subjects compared with normal subjects. The results showed that a large proportion of the study population is at risk of central obesity and NAFLD. The formation of non-alcoholic fatty liver may be associated with obesity and unhealthy dietary patterns which warrants further research
RESUMEN
The present study was conducted in rural area of Sistan and Baluchestan province, south-east of Iran with aim of determine the prevalence of underweight, stunting, wasting, overweight and obesity among children. One thousand five hundred seventy Children were selected from all children less than 6 years covered by healthy and treatment centers of rural area in Sistan and Baluchestan province. Body weight and height were measured using standard methods. Determination of malnutrition performed based on WHO, National Center for Health Statistics and Center for Disease Control and Prevention [NCHS and CDC] standard. The indices nutritional status was assessed by Z- Score. The result showed that, based on NCHS and WHO standard: 21.1% and 19.4%, 28.2% and 32.1%, 7.5% and 9.4% of children were underweight, stunted and wasted respectively. The peak of malnutrition based on stunting was more than underweight and wasting. According to CDC standard, the prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity was 27.8%, 4.2% and 4.1% respectively. The most rate of overweight and obesity was 7.1% and 5% in children aged 3 years using CDC cut-off and also lowest rate of overweight and obesity were 1.5% and 0% in children aged 5 years. This study revealed, underweight, stunting and wasting represents different processes of malnutrition which have different risk factors. However, it might be replaced by overweight as children grow to adolescence. Nevertheless, overweight and obesity are not major problem in the children
RESUMEN
The oxidative stress causes biological damages in addition to the increase of cardiovascular system diseases such as angina pectoris. The present study aims to determine the oxidant and anti-oxidant [enzymatic and non-enzymatic] status in patients with angina pectoris. In this descriptive-analytical study, 24 hospitalized patients with angina pectoris and 63 healthy people, as control group, were selected. Blood fats including cholesterol, triglyceride and HDL were determined through the enzymatic method and the LDL was determined using Friedewald formula. The heparinized blood was used to measure superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase [GPx], and plasma to determine malondialdehyde [MDA] and vitamin C through spectrophotometeric method and total antioxidant capacity [TAC] through ferric reducing ability of plasma [FRAP]. Vitamins A and E of serum were determined through the chromatography method in two groups and SPSS-11.5 software was used for statistical analysis. The degree of error in the tests was calculated as p<0.05. A significant difference was observed in blood fat contents as well as the oxidant and anti-oxidant [enzymatic and non-enzymatic] indices between the two groups [p<0.001]. A positive and significant relationship was observed between superoxide dismutase and vitamin C, MDA and LDL. However, this relationship with HDL and TAC was negative and significant [p<0.05]. With respect to the significant decrease of anti-oxidants and TAC and the increase of lipid peroxidation as well as the relationship between the different indices, the oxidative stress caused anti-oxidants system suppression in patients
RESUMEN
With respect to the effective dietary factors on heart diseases [HDs], the present research aims to study the dietary risk factors of people with cardiovascular diseases. The demography and anthropometric information as well as the nutritional condition for 80 patients hospitalized in the Cardiovascular Ward of Zahedan Khatam al-Anbia [PBUH] Hospital were determined through dietary recall and indices of lipid profile. As per the findings of this study, for BMI, 26.2% of the patients were overweighed, 10.1% of patients had obesity, and 43.5% of the patients had abdominal obesity for waist to hip ratio. The mean of cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, and HDL were 198.2 +/- 52.8, 136.8 +/- 66.3, 139 +/- 35.4, and 40 +/- 10.2 mg/dl, respectively. Imbalance in the macronutrient intakes were observed in patients. Given the fact that the indices under study are inappropriate, the patients are those who are subject to cardiovascular diseases in a constant and chronic manner
RESUMEN
Drug addiction is a lifestyle disease. An assessment of the nutritional state of addicts is often done in parallel to their medical treatment. The aim of the present study was to investigate the nutritional status of drug addicts. This study was conducted among 54 drug addicts [47 men and 7 women] who sought detoxification treatment at the Central Drug Addiction Treatment Hospital in center of drug dependency treatment [Baharan Hospital] in Zahedan, Iran. Age, body weight, and height were measured. Body mass index [BMI] was calculated by dividing body weight [kg] by the square of the height [m[2]]. The percentile of the BMI indicator dictated the nutritional status in the subjects. The amount of food consumed was determined according to the number of servings consumed in the different food groups and was compared to the recommended allowances given by the Food Guide Pyramid. The mean age, body weight, height, and BMI were 34.4 +/- 9.7 years, 63.1 +/- 10.1 kg, 171.1 +/- 11.6 cm, and 21.8 +/- 4.4 kg/m[2], respectively. According to the percentile status of the BMIs, the results showed that 35.2%, 20.4%, 37%, and 7.4% of subjects were wasting, at risk of wasting, normal, or overweight, respectively. When their intake was compared to the Food Guide Pyramid, 72.2% of the subjects showed a deficiency in the bread and cereal group, 67.2% in vegetables, 57.4% in fruits, 40.7% in milk and dairy products, and 24.1% in the meat group. The present study revealed different degrees of malnutrition among drug addicts with multiple deficiencies in both macro- and micronutrients