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Objective To explore the expression of Twist protein in the colorectal cancer (CRC) and its relationship between clinicopathological factors and prognosis of patients.Methods The clinical data of 45 patients with colorectal cancer who were admitted to the First People's Hospital of Shunde from June 2005 to September 2005 were retrospectively analyzed.The colorectal tissue specimens from surgical resection were collected.The expressions of Twist protein in the cancer and paracarcinoma tissues were examined by the immunohistochemistry,and their relationship with clinicopathological factors and prognosis of patients was analyzed.Patients were followed up by outpatient examination and telephone interview until September 2013.The count data were analyzed using the chi-square test and Fisher exact probability.The survival curve was generated using the Kaplan-Meier method,and the survival analysis was conducted using the Log-rank test.The prognosis factors were analyzed by the COX univariate analysis and multivariate analysis.Results The expression of Twist protein in CRC was predominantly detected in the cytoplasm of the tumor cells.The positive expression rates of Twist protein in the CRC and paracarcinoma tissues were 62.2％ (28/45) and 20.0％ (9/45),respectively,with a significant difference (x2 =18.383,P ＜0.05).The positive expression rates of Twist protein were 42.1％ in patients with Ⅰ-Ⅱ stage of CRC and 76.9％ in patients with Ⅲ-Ⅳ stage of CRC.The positive expression rates of Twist protein were 41.7％in patients with N0 stage of CRC and 85.7％ in patients with N1-N2 stage of CRC.The expression of Twist protein in patients with CRC was however associated with the TNM stage and lymph node metastasis (x2=5.662,9.244,P ＜ 0.05).A total of 45 patients were followed up for 10-96 months (median,54 months).The median survival time and 5-year cumulative survival rate in 45 patients with positive expression of Twist protein were 44 months and 10.7％,which were compared with 69 months and 82.4％ in 45 patients with negative expression of Twist protein,with a statical significance in the survival (x2 =26.147,P ＜ 0.05).The results of univariate analysis showed that the expression of Twist protein was an related factor affecting the prognosis of patients [HR =8.669,95％ confidence interval (CI):2.959-25.390,P ＜0.05].The results of multivariate analysis showed that the positive expression of Twist protein was an independent risk factor affecting the prognosis of patients (HR =5.059,95 ％ CI:2.888-8.863,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusiors The increasing expression of Twist protein in the CRC is positively correlated with the occurrence and development of CRC.The positive expression of Twist protein is an independent risk factor affecting the prognosis of patients with CRC.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of perioperative application of intestinal probiotics to substitute oral intestinal antimicrobial agents on intestinal flora and immune function in surgical patients with colorectal cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty patients with colorectal cancer undergoing elective laparoscopic radical surgery were randomized to receive preoperative bowel preparation using oral intestinal antimicrobial agents (n=20) or using oral intestinal probiotics (Jinshuangqi Tablets, 2.0 g, 3 times daily) since the fifth day before the operation and at 24 h after the operation for 7 consecutive days. Upon admission and 7 days after the operation, fecal samples and fasting peripheral venous blood were collected from the patients to examine the intestinal flora and serum levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2), IgA, IgG, and IgM, NK cell activity, T lymphocytes subsets CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+) and CD4(+)/CD8(+) ratio.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>At 7 days after the operation, the patients receiving probiotics showed significantly increased counts of intestinal Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Enterococcus (P<0.05) and significantly lowered counts of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus (P<0.05). The serum levels of IL-2, IgA, IgG and IgM as well as CD4(+) cell percentage all increased significantly in probiotics group compared with those in patients with conventional intestinal preparation (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Perioperative application of intestinal probiotics to replace preoperative oral intestinal antimicrobial agents can effectively correct intestinal flora imbalance and improve the immune function of surgical patients with colorectal cancer.</p>