RESUMEN
Diabetes mellitus in canines corresponds to a pathology whose etiopathogenesis has not yet been fully understood, since it has a great similarity with human type 1 diabetes mellitus, but the same risk factors have not been found. New diagnostic methods have been investigated in recent years in diabetic murine models, among which microRNAs have been studied as early markers of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In canines a homology has been found between microRNAs 21, microRNA 34, microRNA 29, and microRNA 146a with those studied in human and murine diabetics. This would imply that the study of these microRNAs may have a great impact on the early detection of diabetes in canines and be a model for the study of new microRNAs that may be implicated in the development of diabetes in humans.