Importance of the comparative anatomy in Forensic Anthropology: case report

Introduction: In forensic sciences, reconstructive victim profile is a commonly used procedure to provide individual data in cases of complex human identifications. In forensic anthropology, valuable data are obtained from skeletal and dental analysis such as gender, age, ancestry, stature, and differentiation between human and non-human remains. Objective: To highlight the relevance of comparative anatomy analysis to differentiate human and non-human remains. Case report: Four bone fragments and one tooth were found on a potential crime scene, and were submitted to forensic examinations. The examinations revealed non-human anthropological remains. Additionally, the analyzed bones and tooth were classified as animal remains, specifically from a domestic dog (Canis lupus familiares). Conclusion: In this context, it is relevant to be trained and aware of the usefulness of comparative anatomy into the forensic anthropology routine in order to perform complete and accurate examinations.

Anatomical variations in the permanent mandibular canine: forensic importance

Introduction: The uniqueness of dental morphology plays an important role in Forensic Odontology, especially for human identifications, in which a single tooth can provide information for dental identification. Objective: To address the importance of a permanent lower canine with two roots for dental identification considering the internal and external morphology of the canine roots. Case report: To report a forensic case in which a two-rooted permanent lower canine was found in a decomposed human body. Conclusion: Although the victim was not identified by the dental parameter, it was observed that this type of morphological variation is of little incidence in some populations, therefore constituting a valuable tool for dental human identifications.

Importância pericial das radiografias da articulação do punho para a identificação humana / Forensic importance of the wrist joint radiographs to human identification

Os autores relatam um caso pericial de identificação de corpo carbonizado utilizando radiografias pré e pós-cirúrgicas de uma fratura óssea na articulação do punho. Nessas radiografias foram evidenciadas particularidades da placa e parafusos utilizados na redução da fratura, coincidentes com os achados necroscópicos. Ressalta-se como imprescindível o arquivamento dos exames radiográficos, por poderem ser utilizados na resolução de questões legais.

The authors report a forensic case of identification of charred body using medical radiographs of wrist joint, produced to visualize an osteal fracture. In this radiographs was evidenced several peculiarities of plaque and screws utilized in the reduction of the fracture, compatible with thanatologic exam. The importance of the correct achievement of medical radiographs to solve some legal questions is emphasized.