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Resumen: Propósito del estudio: determinar la sensibilidad y especificidad de la resonancia magnética en lesiones de ligamento cruzado anterior, así como las lesiones asociadas mediante los hallazgos artroscópicos. Material y métodos: se trata de un estudio retrospectivo, longitudinal, transversal en el cual se incluyeron 96 pacientes con lesiones de ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) que fueron sometidos a cirugía artroscópica; los hallazgos artroscópicos se compararon con las imágenes diagnósticas de resonancia magnética así como lesiones asociadas. Resultados: en lesiones de LCA se encontraron los siguientes datos en relación a la concordancia por resonancia magnética nuclear (RMN) y hallazgos artroscópicos; sensibilidad de 93.68%, especificidad de 100%. Valor predictor negativo de 14.28% y un valor predictor positivo de 100%. Conclusión: la RMN es una modalidad de imagen precisa y no invasiva para la evaluación de lesiones de la rodilla, la asociación diagnóstica con el examen clínico es considerablemente alta.
Abstract: Purpose of the study: determine the sensitivity and specificity of magnetic resonance imaging in anterior cruciate ligament injuries and associated injuries through arthroscopic findings. Material and methods: this is a retrospective, longitudinal, cross-sectional study in 96 patients with ACL injuries were included and who underwent arthroscopic surgery; arthroscopic findings were compared with diagnostic magnetic resonance images as well as associated lesions. Results: for ACL lesions the following data were found in relation to the agreement by MRI and arthroscopic findings; 93.68% sensitivity, 100% specificity. Negative predictor value of 14.28% and a positive predictor value of 100%. Conclusion: MRI is an accurate and non-invasive imaging modality for the evaluation of knee injuries, the diagnostic association is considerably high.
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Abstract: Introduction: It is essential that orthopaedic resident physicians be highly proficient in all aspects, considering the balance between supply, demand, need and context. Fundamental to identify the capacity and quality installed for their training in Mexico. Material and methods: Observational Study, transverse, non-probabilistic sampling-conglomerates, in two phases. The instrument has 8 domains, 57 variables and 4,867 items. 60 graduate professors of 20 states, 50 hospital sites, 22 university programs. Results: 1,038 years of experience (collective intelligence), 17 years of experience/teacher (01 to 50 years). Identified: acute pathology 30 (2 to 90%), chronic pathology 30 (5 to 96%), patients ˂ 15 years, 10 (3 to 30%), patients between 15 and 65 years, 47 (2 to 78%), patients ˃ 65 years, 20 (2 to 60%), number of beds/seat 20 (2 to 510), number of clinics 3 (1 to 48), number of surgical procedures/headquarters per year at the national level, was 960 (50 to 24,650). The national average per resident doctor is 362 surgeries/year with 1,450 surgical times/year. Conclusions: The needs and resources for the training of physicians specializing in orthopedics/traumatology are highly heterogeneous, so it should be adapted to the epidemiological needs of the region of influence, in an area of epidemiological transition. 62.2% expressed not having or have bad academic and scientific infrastructure at its headquarters, more than 50% without rotation overseas and ˃ 90% without regular scientific production.
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Humanos , Ortopedia , Procedimientos Ortopédicos , Internado y Residencia , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , MéxicoRESUMEN
Aim: To evaluate the use of proliferating cell nuclear antigen index in the different histopathological variants of ameloblastoma, such as the follicular, plexiform, and unicystic types, and in ameloblastic carcinoma by immunohistochemical staining. The proliferating cell nuclear antigen index values of the variants of ameloblastomas and ameloblastic carcinomas are compared in order to determine the biological behavior of these tumors. Materials and Methods: For the present study, archival tissues that had been diagnosed as ameloblastoma and ameloblastic carcinoma were collected from the department of oral pathology. Specimens were embedded in paraffin wax and were sectioned at a thickness of 5 μm and stained with hematoxylin-eosin for reconfirming the histologic pattern. It was also stained immunohistochemically for anti-proliferating cell nuclear antigen antibody. Results: Positive proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression is seen as a light brown, granular stain. The proliferating cell nuclear antigen values of ameloblastic carcinoma were almost five times the value of ameloblastoma. Analysis of variance test, Fischer's exact test/variance ratio test, and Student's t-test were performed and the probability values were determined. Summary and Conclusion: This study showed that ameloblastic carcinoma had the maximum proliferative capacity. Among the variants of ameloblastoma, the plexiform variety had the maximum proliferative capacity, followed by the follicular and unicystic varieties. Altogether, these data indicate that proliferating cell nuclear antigen is related to the biological behavior and proliferation of tumor cells in the variants of ameloblastoma and ameloblastic carcinoma.