Paratyphoid sepsis.

A large for gestational age male baby was born to a healthy young primigravida, on L-thyroxime, at 40 weeks by caesarean delivery in a tertiary care hospital. The baby had episodes of hypoglycemia during his immediate four postnatal days in the nursery that were successfully managed with intravenous glucose administration. The baby became unwell on day 5 and had a positive sepsis-screening test. Blood culture revealed a multidrug susceptible S. Paratyphi A strain, which he probably acquired on the first or second postnatal day from the contaminated expressed breast milk or the formula feed.

Rare serotype non-typhoidal Salmonella sepsis.

An 11-month female with a poor socio-economic status presented to a tertiary care paediatric hospital with complaints of fever of 4-5 days and diarrhoea of 20 days duration. The patient didn't respond to the prescribed antimicrobials namely--Norfloxacin and metronidazole. On admission she was diagnosed as persistent diarrhea with PEM grade III with sepsis. Stool examination and culture were negative for any pathogens, however blood culture yielded growth of Salmonella Virchow which was susceptible to most common antimicrobial agents excepting Trimethoprim Sulfamethoxazole. Salmonella Virchow is a common non-typhoidal Salmonellae causing bacteremia in the west, however this is the first report of bacteremia by S. virchow from India.

Prevalence and determinants of reproductive tract infections among women.

Reproductive tract infections (RTIs) are one of the most common health problems in women during reproductive age. There are gaps in the knowledge regarding the prevalence and determinants of these infections among women. A cross-sectional study was conducted at Primary Health Centre, Palam. Three hundred currently married women from antenatal and gynae clinic were interviewed followed by clinical examination and microbiological investigations. The prevalence of RTIs was 37.0 % based on symptoms and 36.7 % by laboratory investigations, including 26.3% candidiasis, 18.0% vaginitis, 15.7% trichomoniasis and 14.3% bacterial vaginosis. Factors which were found to be significantly associated with reproductive tract infections in women were not cleaning genitals daily, last delivery being domiciliary, history of anal intercourse, last delivery conducted by dai, relative/neighbour, not bathing daily, not bathing daily during menstruation and history of abortions. Strength of association of these factors was further analysed using the odd ratio with 95% confidence interval.

Comparison of direct immunofluorescence and ELISA for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis antigen in the patients of pelvic inflammatory disease.

Fifty female patients clinically diagnosed as pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) attending Gynaecology OPD of Smt. Sucheta Kriplani Hospital were studied for the presence of Chlamydial antigen by direct immunofluorescence (DFA) and Enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) test. Out of fifty PID patients Chlamydia tracchomatis lipopolysaccharide antigen could be detected in 28% of cases by ELISA and Chlamydial outer membrane protein antigen could be detected in 32% of cases by DFA. Although in the present study DFA and ELISA compare well with each other, but DFA has been found to be more specific test as it detects outer membrane protein antigen of Chlamydia trachomatis.