Magnitude of breast diseases in OJHA histopathology department

This study evaluates the current status regarding spectrum of breast diseases from the data record of Dow Diagnostic Research and Reference Laboratory [DDRRL], Karachi. Descriptive study. This study was carried out on obtaining Data of various breast diseases was obtained from the histopathology department of Dow Diagnostic Research and Reference Laboratory [DDRRL], OJAH campus located in Karachi from October 2011 till December 2011. Ten months data of 2011 consisted of 829 cases of breast diseases. The diseases were grouped into malignant, benign and inflammatory types. There was no limitation of age and both genders were considered. Cancers other than breast diseases were excluded from the study. Reports of missing information were not analyzed. Normal breast tissue was as well excluded. Analysis revealed 413 as malignant lesions, 322 benign and 80 inflammatory .In malignant tumours invasive ductal carcinoma grade 2 was [23.7%]. Fibroadenoma [28.0%], fibrocystic change [6.1%], benign phylloides [2.4%], lipoma was 1.2% and no record of lactating adenoma was found. Inflammatory lesion breast abscess [4.0%], chronic mastitis [1.7%], granulomatous mastitis [1.7%], duct ectasia [1.3%] and fat necrosis was least diagnosed. Breast diseases trend in the women of Karachi are changing. Malignant breast lesions are presenting at younger age and its occurrence is more than benign and inflammatory lesion altogether in this study

Life quality assessment of patients suffering from oral cancer

This study was aimed to determine the patient's own perception of quality of life [QL]; that were under treatment for oral cancers. University of Washington Quality of Life Questionnaire [UW-QOL] [1] was used as a screening tool for this purpose. Questionnaire based Cross Sectional Study. This study was conducted at Kiran hospital Karachi [Karachi Institute of Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine] from March to August 2011. Thirty patients diagnosed with oral cancer that were coming for treatment at the Kiran hospital Karachi, [Karachi Institute of Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine] were included in the sample. No limitation of age or cancer stage was specified. Data analysis with SPSS showed that majority of patient surveyed had pain that was controlled by medications; majority of patient felt significantly disfigured; had limited activities. Although activities were slowed down due to fatigue still patients managed to go out however enjoyable recreation was bounded for patients. Swallowing function showed variation from no change, complete liquid diet, soft diet to choking. However most patients could chew soft foods, majority of patient had difficulty with some words but their speech was understood on phone. Greater parts choose no issue regarding function and pain in shoulders. Almost half the patients had normal consistency of saliva, mood mostly unaffected and majority patient were not anxious about their tumour lesion. General health was better before development of cancer and was good in previous seven days. Over all mental health and spiritual health was outstanding and pain was the most important issue patient complained. This study emphasizes the importance of measuring quality of life of oral cancer patients. UW-QOL[1] questionnaire was an effective screening tool for evaluating the different domains from each patient at an individual level