Efficacy and safety of vonoprazan in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease：a meta-analysis / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of vonoprazan in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease， and to provide evidence-based reference for clinical drug use. METHODS Randomized controlled trials （RCTs） about vonoprazan （trial group） versus placebo or proton pump inhibitor （control group） were searched in PubMed， the Cochrane Library， Web of Science， CNKI， Wanfang， VIP and CBM databases from the inception to June， 2022. After literature screening and data extraction， the qualities of included literature were evaluated with bias assessment tool recommended by Cochrane system evaluator manual 5.1.0. Meta-analysis， sensitivity analysis and publication bias analysis were conducted by using RevMan 5.4 software. RESULTS A total of 9 RCTs were included， involving 1 882 patients. The results of meta-analysis showed that： total response rate [OR＝1.94，95%CI（1.45，2.58），P＜0.000 01]， cure rate [OR＝2.27，95%CI（1.33，3.86），P＝0.003] and remission rate [OR＝1.81，95%CI（1.28， 2.55）， P＝0.000 7] of trial group were significantly higher than control group； there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse drug events， diarrhea， nasopharyngitis， upper respiratory tract infection and alkaline phosphatase elevation between two groups （P＞0.05）. The results of subgroup analysis showed that cure rate of trial group was significantly higher than control group at 2 weeks of treatment （P＜0.05）； at 4 and 8 weeks of treatment， there was no significant difference in the cure rate between two groups （P＞0.05）. There was no statistically significant difference in the cure rate between two groups at 2， 4 and 8 weeks of treatment among the patients with Los Angeles grade A/B （P＞0.05）； among the patients with Los Angeles grade C/D， the cure rate of patients in the trial group was significantly higher than control group at 2， 4 and 8 weeks of treatment （P＜0.05）. The results of sensitivity analysis and publication bias analysis showed that the results of this study were robust and the possibility of publication bias was small. CONCLUSIONS Vonoprazan has a considerable effectiveness and safety in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Comparison of long-term efficacy and safety of two mycophenolate mofetil preparations in kidney transplant recipients / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To com pare the long-term efficacy and safety betwe en domestic Mycophenolate mofetil dispersible tablets（dt-MMF）and imported Mycophenolate mofetil capsules （c-MMF）in kidney transplant recipients. METHODS In retrospective cohort study ，the data of patients who had undergone the living donor kidney transplantat during the period of 2012 to 2014 in West China Hospital of Sichuan University were screened and included ，and then divided into dt-MMF group and c-MMF group according to the drug use of kidney transplant recipients. Initial oral dose of dt-MMF and c-MMF were both 1 000 mg each time ， twice a day ；at the same time ，both groups were additionally given Tacrolimus capsules 1.5 mg，twice a day+Prednisone acetate tablets 5-10 mg，orally after breakfast every day. The clinical data of the two groups were collected before and after kidney transplant for 5 years；the efficacy and safety indexes of two drugs were compared ，and the robustness of results were analyzed by 1∶1 propensity score matching （PSM）. RESULTS A total of 666 kidney transplant recipients were included ，involving 316 patients in dt-MMF group and 350 patients in c-MMF group. The 5-year patient survival rates of dt-MMF group and c-MMF group were 99.68％ and 99.43％，the 5-year graft survival rates were 96.20％ and 94.29％，the acute rejection rates were 3.80％ and 6.57％，the 5-year chronic rejection rates were 2.22％ and 2.86％，and the incidences of delayed recovery of transplanted renal function were 0.63％ and 0.29％，respectively；there was no statistical significance （P＞0.05）. There were no significant differences in the incidence of major adverse events between 2 groups，including infection ，adverse events of the blood system and diges tive system （P＞0.05）. PSM analysis indicated the efficacy and safety results were robust （except for acute rejection ）. CONCLUSIONS There is no significant difference in clinical efficacy and safety between dt-MMF and c-MMF for immunosuppression after kidney transplant.

Effect of Weiwei Tongtiao Decoction on Expression of IKKβ, Bcl-2 in CAG Precancerous Lesion Rats / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of Weiwei Tongtiao decoction on gastric mucosal pathology and the expression level of inhibitor kappa B kinase <italic>β</italic>（IKK<italic>β</italic>） and B-cell lymphoma-2（Bcl-2）in rats with chronic atrophic gastritis （CAG） precancerous lesion. Method:SD rats were randomly divided into normal group， model group， positive drug Weifuchun group， Weiwei Tongtiao decoction high， medium and low dose treatment groups. The rat model of CAG precancerous lesion was prepared by <italic>N</italic>-methyl-<italic>N</italic>'-nitro-<italic>N</italic>-nitrosoguanidine （MNNG）compound modeling method. weiwei Tongtiao decoction high， medium and low dose treatment groups received intragastric administration of 24， 12， 6 g·kg^-1 Weiwei Tongtiao decoction respectively， while Weifuchun group received 0.45 g·kg^-1 Weifuchun suspension， once per day for 12 weeks. The pathological changes of gastric mucosa of rats were observed by hematoxylin-eosin（HE）staining， and the mRNA and protein levels of IKK<italic>β</italic> and Bcl-2 in gastric mucosa of rats were detected by Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）， immunohistochemistry（IHC）and Western blot. Result:Compared with the normal group， 100% inherent gland atrophy， mild to severe intestinal metaplasia， and 25% low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia were observed under microscope in model group. All Weifuchun group and Weiwei Tongtiao decoction groups could improve the atrophy of gastric glands， moderate to severe intestinal metaplasia and pathological injury of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia， especially at high dose group. Compared with the normal group， IKK<italic>β</italic>， Bcl-2 mRNA and protein expressions in the gastric mucosa of the model group were up-regulated （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Compared with the model group， the mRNA and protein expressions of IKK<italic>β</italic> and Bcl-2 in gastric mucosa of rats in the Weifuchun group and the Weiwei Tongtiao decoction high， medium and low dose groups were down-regulated （<italic>P</italic><0.05，<italic>P</italic><0.01）， showing a dose-dependent relationship， and such levels in the Weiwei Tongtiao decoction high-dose intervention group were similar to those in normal group. Conclusion:Weiwei Tongtiao decoction can improve and even reverse gastric mucosa with CAG precancerous lesions in rats， and its intervention mechanism may be related to down-regulating the expressions of IKK<italic>β</italic> and Bcl-2 in gastric mucosa.

Economic Evaluation of Two Preparations of Mycophenolate Mofetil for Immunosuppressive Therapy after Renal Transplantation / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To evaluate the cost-effectiveness between Mycophenolate mofetil （MMF）dispersible tablets versus MMF capsules for the immunosuppressive therapy after renal transplantation ，and to provide reference for selecting more economical MMF preparations. METHODS ：Based on a systematic review about MMF dispersible tablets and MMF capsules for immunosuppressive therapy after renal transplantation （involving 6 clinical studies ），with simulation period of 6 months，Treeage 2010 software was used to establish decision tree model ，which included four states of graft normal ，acute rejection ，graft loss and death. Using QALYs as effect measurement index ，the cost-effectiveness analysis of two MMF preparations was carried out in combination with the cost data of West China Hospital of Sichuan University. Signal factor sensitivity analysis and probability sensitivity analysis were performed . RESULTS ：The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of MMF capsules group to MMF dispersible tablets group was 623 111.614 0 yuan/QALY，which was higher than Chinese willing-to-pay value （212 676 yuan/QALY）；the results of sensitivity analysis supported the above results. CONCLUSIONS ：MMF dispersible tablets are better than MMF capsules in cost-effectiveness of immunosuppressive therapy after renal transplantation.

Meta-analysis of the Efficacy and Safety of Different Administration Routes of Bevacizumab in the Treatment of Malignant Pleural Effusion / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To evaluate the efficacy and s afety of different administration routes of bevacizumab in the treatment of malignant pleural effusion （MPE），and to provide evidence-based reference for rational use of drugs in clinic. METHODS ： Retrieved from Cochrane L ibrary，PubMed，Embase，VIP，CNKI，Wanfang database and CBM ，clinical studies were collected ， about bevacizumab combined with or without chemotherap eutic drugs （trial group ）versus chemotherap eutic drugs （control group ） in the treatment of MPE under different administration routes. After literature screening and data extraction ，the quality of RCTs was evaluated by using bias risk evaluation tool recommended by Cochrane Systematic Evaluator Manual 5.3. Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to evaluate the quality of the retrospective study. Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.3 software， network Meta-analysis was performed by using Stata 13.0 software and intervention measures were ranked by using R 3.6.1 software. RESULTS ：A total of 29 studies were included ，involving 21 RCTs and 8 retrospective studies ，including 2 254 patients. The studies involved 5 intervention measures ，such as bevacizumab+chemotherap eutic drugs （thoracic perfusion ），bevacizumab+ chemotherapeutic drugs （ivgtt），bevacizumab（thoracic perfusion ），chemotherapeutic drugs （thoracic perfusion ），chemotherapeutic drugs（ivgtt）. Network Meta-analysis showed there was no statistical significance in bevacizumab+chemotherap eutic drugs （thoracic perfusion）and bevacizumab+chemotherap eutic drugs （ivgtt）[OR＝0.81，95％CI（0.13，4.60），P＞0.05]，chemotherapeutic drugs （thoracic perfusion ）and chemo therapeutic drugs （ivgtt）[OR＝ 0.47， 95％ CI （0.07，3.10）， P＞0.05]， bevacizumab + Z19SCHX202） chemotherapeutic drugs （ivgtt） and chemotherap eutic drugs （ivgtt） [OR＝0.56，95％ CI（0.27，1.20），P＞0.05]. Total 、 response rate of bevacizumab + chemotherap eutic drugs （thoracic perfusion ） [OR＝3.10，95％ CI（2.10，4.50），P＜ 0.05]，bevacizumab（thoracic perfusion ）[OR＝1.90，95％CI （0.99，3.90），P＜0.05] were significantly higher than chemotherapeutic drugs （thoracic perfusion ）. Network Meta-analysis ranking showed that bevacizumab + chemotherapeutic drugs （ivgtt）＞ bevacizumab + chemotherapeutic drugs （thoracic perfusion ）＞ bevacizumab（thoracic perfusion ）＞chemotherapeutic drugs （ivgtt）＞chemotherapeutic drugs （thoracic perfusion ）. The incidence of elevated blood pressure [RR= 2.64，95％CI（1.56，4.43），P＝0.000 3] and proteinuria [RR ＝3.24，95％CI（1.79，5.86），P＝0.000 1] in trial group were significantly higher than control group. There was no statistical significance in the incidence of granulo- cytopenia [RR ＝0.94，95％CI（0.81，1.09），P＝0.41] or nausea and vomiting [RR ＝0.87，95％CI（0.73，1.03），P＝0.10] between 2 groups. Compared with chemotherapy alone ，bevacizumab combined chemotherapy could not prolong the total survival time of patients，but can improve the progression-free survival time. CONCLUSIONS ：Bevacizumab combined with chemotherapy can improve the efficacy of MPE patients ，but thoracic perfusion can increase the risk of proteinuria and elevated blood pressure.

Cost-effectiveness Analysis of Nedaplatin and Cisplatin in the Treatment of Advanced or Recurrent Squamous Cell NSCLC / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To provide reference for choosing a more economical first-line treatment for advanced or recurrent squamous cell NSCLC and reducting patients ’cost burden. METHODS ：Based on a published high-quality phase Ⅲ randomized clinical controlled trial ，Markov model was established according to the disease development process. The disease development process of patients with squamous cell NSCLC was divided into non-progressive free survival state ，disease progress state and death state. The cost-effectiveness analysis of ND regimen containing nedaplatin and CD regimen containing cisplatin was carried out on the basis of the treatment cost data of our hospital. The uncertainty of the results was evaluated with single factor sensitivity analysis and probability sensitivity analysis. RESULTS ：According to the results of analysis Markov model ，the cost-effectiveness in ND regimen was 54 995.58 yuan/QALYs，in CD regimen was 50 274.36 yuan/QALYs，and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was 86 327.27 yuan/QALYs，which was lower than the willing payment threshold （193 932.00 yuan/QALYs）. The results of single factor sensitivity analysis showed that non-progressive free survival of patients accepted two regimens had the greatest influence on the cost-effectiveness analysis results. The probability sensitivity analysis showed that with the increase of per capita GDP in China ， the probability of cost-effectiveness of ND regimen increased gradually. CONCLUSIONS ：Compared with CD regimen ，ND regimen is more cost-effective in the treatment of advanced or recurrent squamous cell NSCLC.

Analysis of Chronic Disease Prevention Literacy among Primary and Secondary School Students in Dalian / 中国医科大学学报

Objective To understand the current status of chronic disease prevention literacy among primary and secondary school students in Dalian and to provide evidence for developing health education regarding chronic diseases and promotion strategies in students. Methods A total of 1 058 students from four districts or counties in Dalian were investigated through a questionnaire survey using stratified cluster sampling in 2015. A multiple linear regression method from Stata 15. 0 was used to identify the influencing factors of chronic disease prevention literacy among primary and junior school students. Results The current status of chronic disease prevention literacy was 6. 62 ％ among primary and junior school students in Dalian,and it was higher in urban students than in those from rural areas (P <0. 001),higher in junior school than in primary school (P < 0. 001),and higher in girls than in boys (P = 0. 034). There also appeared to be a positive regression relationship with parents' higher education degrees (P < 0. 001). Conclusion The current status of chronic disease prevention literacy is low among primary and secondary school students in Dalian. We should strengthen their health literacy level, mobilize the role of their parents,and especially increase chronic disease prevention awareness and the self-care ability of the rural students.

Cost-effectiveness Analysis of SOX Regimen versus CapeOX Regimen for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of SOX regimen(tegafur+oxaliplatin)vs. CapeOX regimen (capecitabine+oxaliplatin)in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer,and to provide reference for exploring more economical first-line regimen of metastatic colorectal cancer. METHODS:Based on published high-quality Ⅲ-phase randomized controlled trial,Markov model was established according to the process of disease development in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. The model was divided into progression-free survival state,progressive disease state and death state. Combined with relevant data of our hospital,pharmacoeconomic cost-effectiveness analysis was conducted for SOX regimen and CapeOX regimen. Sensitivity analysis validation model was used to analyze the stability of the model. RESULTS:According to the results of Markov model operation,compared to standard CapeOX regimen,SOX regimen could increase 0.14 QALYs,and cost increased by 35 493.45 yuan;incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was 253 524.64 yuan/QALYs,which was higher than willingness-to-pay(WTP) threshold(168 201.201 yuan/QALYs). Single factor sensitivity analysis showed that cost of oxaliplatin had the most important impact on the result of cost-effectiveness analysis. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis depicted that with the increase of GDP per capita,the probability of SOX regimen with cost-effectiveness would increase. CONCLUSIONS:At present,compared with standard CapeOX regimen,SOX regimen has no cost-effectiveness for metastatic colorectal cancer,which is not recommended as the first choice for first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer.

Preliminary exploration of rabbit corneal limbus stem cells cultured with tissue block and enzyme digestion method / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

·AIM:To establish a simple and efficient method for the primary culture of rabbit corneal limbus stem cells. ·METHODS:Obtained the limbal tissues from rabbits, used tissue block and enzyme digestion method to culture the corneal limbus stem cells in vitro. The growth characteristics of the cultured cells in vitro were observed under inverted microscope. By means of HE, the morphology and construction features of cells were observed.And immunohistochemical method was used to identify the cultured cells. ·RESULTS:Rabbit corneal limbus stem cells could be fast and simply cultured by using tissue block and enzyme digestion method. The dynamic observation under microscope showed that rabbit corneal limbus stem cells grew well with a higher proliferative capacity. In HE staining, the morphology and structure of cells were normal.AE5 and P63 cellular immune identification were positive. · CONCLUSION: Tissue block and enzyme digestion method could be a simple and efficient mode for the primary culture of rabbit corneal limbus stem cells.

Evidence-based Research on the Chinese Precision Medicine Concept / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the concepts and contents of the Chinese precision medicine,and to provide reference for the development of precision medicine in China.METHODS:By evidence-based evaluation method,using jingzhun yixue jingzhun yiliaoprecision medicineas keywords,all literatures were retrieved from CBM,CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,PubMed and Ovid EMBase databases up to Nov.17th,2015.The relevant information were extracted,including researchers (first author or correspondence author's unit belonged to China),domains and concepts.The concepts and contents of the Chinese precision medicine based on China's national condition were summarized and analyzed,and the difference between precision medicine and personalized medicine was compared.RESULTS:54 studies were included,the results indicated most studies (51 literatures) were published in 2015 by hospitals (28 literatures) and high schools (14 literatures);most literatures (23 literatures) presented the concept of precision medicine,followed by disease precision medicine (19 literatures) and relevant technology of precision medicine (7 literatures);a total of 39 literatures presented the specific concept of precision medicine.Besides genetic information involved in American precision medicine,the Chinese one expanded the disease diagnosis and treatment technology,as well as the application.Personalized medicine and precision medicine were in common partially,however,the latter one underlined the disease classification and diagnosis,which was more practicable.CONCLUSIONS:Chinese precision medicine involves disease diagnosis and treatment technology as well as influential factors based on genetic information,and includes disease classification and diagnosis so as to perform personalized precision intervention.The Chinese precision medicine is overall developed and focused.

Analysis of Drug Use of Chinese Government Medical Detachment in Nepal Earthquake / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for rational allocation of earth quake medical rescue drugs. METHODS:The number and types of drugs used by Chinese government medical detachment in Nepal earthquake in 2015 were analyzed statistical-ly. RESULTS:Top three kinds of drugs were antipyretic analgesics,Chinese patent medicine for activating meridians to stop pain and antihypertensive drugs;among which,Yunnan baiyao capsule,Ibuprofer sustained release tablet,Nifedipine sustained release tablet were more used;main dosage form was oral preparation,followed by external application and topical preparation. CONCLU-SIONS:Foreign aid relief teams can foresee the quantity and type of rescue drugs depending on station sanitary conditions,medica-tion habits,the characteristics of patients to guarantee the medical detachment work and avoid medical resources waste.

Topiramate monotherapy for alcohol dependence:a meta-analysis / 中国神经精神疾病杂志

Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of topiramate monotherapy in the treatment of alcohol de?pendence. Methods The Cochrane library, PunMed, EMBase, CNKI, VIP and CBM database were searched to collect the randomized contolled trials (RCTs) of topiramate monotherapy to compare with placebo or positive control drug in al?cohol dependence. Data were extracted from the included literatures after the literatures’qualities were assessed. The meta-analyses were conducted with RevMan 5.2 software. Results Thirteen trials were included. Compared with place?bo, topiramate reduced score of obsessive compulsive drinking scale(MD=-5.90,95%CI:-10.99~-0.82,P=0.02), de?creased drinks per drinking day(MD=-6.94,95%CI:-12.20~-1.68,P=0.01), and increased percentage of days absti?nent(MD=15.36,95%CI:4.15~6.56,P<0.01). The incidence of paraesthesia, taste perversion, weight loss, memory or concentration impairment, dizziness, psychomotor retardation in topiramate group was higher. But the incidence of other adverse events was similar between groups. Compared with naltrexone, topiramate significantly postponed the days to first relapse(MD=2.10,95%CI:0.23~3.97,P=0.03). The adverse events were similar between groups. Conclusions Topira?mate in treatment of alcohol dependence is effective and safety.

Construction of the life cycle of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in laboratory / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To construct the life cycle of Angiostrongylus cantonensis (A.cantonensis) in laboratory condition.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>SD rats were infected orally with the third-stage larvae of A.cantonensis collected from Jiangmen, Guangdong province. Six weeks after infection, the first-stage larvae were isolated from fresh feces of the rats by using Baermann funnel to infect 25 second-generation white jade snails raised in laboratory at the daily dose of 300 000 for 3 consecutive days. Three weeks later, the snails were dissected for counting the third-staged larvae of A.cantonensis, and those positive for A.cantonensis infection were fed directly to 10 fasting rats. The serum samples of the rats were then collected 2 weeks later for examination of specific antibodies using ELISA. The feces of the infected rats were examined microscopically after 6 weeks, and the brain, heart and lungs of the infected rats were dissected to observe the larvae at 3, 5, and 8 weeks, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The 3-stage larvae of A.cantonensis were found in the second-generation snails 3 weeks after infection. The positivity rate of serum specific antibodies was 100% in the 10 rats 2 weeks after feeding of the infected snails. The 1-stage larvae were detected in the feces of the rats 6 weeks after infection, and the fourth-stage larvae were found in the brain of the rats at 3 weeks, while adult worm and eggs were found in the heart and lungs of the infected rats at 5 and 8 weeks.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The successful establishment of human colon carcinoma cell line with PRL-3 gene knock-down provide a basis for investigation of the role of PRL-3 gene in the metastasis of human colorectal carcinoma.</p>

Systematic Review on Reduced Glutathione in the Treatment of Drug-induced Liver Disease / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of reduced glutathione in the treatment of drug-induced liver disease. METHODS: Literatures were retrieved from PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CBM, VIP, CNKI databases by computer and from relevant Chinese medical journals by hand. Trial selection, quality evaluation and information extraction were performed according to including and excluding criteria. Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.0 software. RESULTS: The meta-analysis of 13 included RCTs showed that total effective rate, ALT and total bilirubin in trial group were significantly different from control group(P

Identification and tissue localization of intermediate filament protein in Angiostrongylus cantonensis / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify the type of the intermediate filament (IF) protein of Angiostrongylus cantonensis and analyze its tissue localization.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Recombinant pET-IF of antigen IF was expressed in E.coli with IPTG induction, and the expression products were purified by His.Bind column and identified for determining the type of the IF protein by Western blotting. Anti-IF antibody was prepared by multi-spot subcutaneous injection into mouse and used to detect the tissue slices of A. cantonensis by immunohistochemical analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The antigen IF were correctly expressed and purified, and identified as a keratin located in the intestine wall and cytoplusma.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The antigen IF is distributed in the intestine wall of A. cantonensis.</p>

Schistosoma japonicum: construction of phage display antibody library and its application in the immunodiagnosis of infection / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>A monoclonal antibody would be an effective tool for the detection of circulating antigens in the serum of patients with schistosomiasis, but the traditional way of producing monoclonal antibodies is not cost-effective. The objective of this study was to find a new method for the large-scale production of monoclonal antibodies against Schistosoma japonicum (Sj).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A phage display antibody library for Sj was constructed. To obtain a single-chain variable fragment antibody (scFv) against Sj, the library was screened with metabolic antigens from adult Sj worms (Sj-MAg) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The soluble scFvs selected were used to detect Sj antigens in the serum of acute and chronic schistosomiasis patients.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Six positive clones with good reactivity to Sj-MAg were obtained from the phage display antibody library of about 1.07 x 10(6) individual clones. Only two of these six clones bound specifically to Sj-MAg and were chosen for further analysis. Specific soluble anti-Sj-MAg scFvs were produced by inducing the 2 clones with isopropyl-D-thiogalactopyranoside. The characteristics of the scFvs were then determined. The results of Western blot showed that these scFvs could bind to Sj-MAg specifically and had a molecular weight of about 31 kD. When testing serum from schistosomiasis patients with one of the two specific scFvs, its sensitivity was found to be 60% and 37% in acute and chronic patients, respectively, with a specificity of 90%. When the two specific scFvs were combined, their sensitivity was found to be 75% and 57% in acute and chronic patients, respectively, with a specificity of 85%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The results indicate that the scFvs are potentially useful for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis. The library construction also provides a useful tool for the further screening of other antibodies for both diagnostic and immunotherapeutic applications and for epitope analysis and vaccine design.</p>

Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 4G/5G gene polymorphism in patients with myocardial or cerebrovascular infarction in Tianjin, China / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the association between the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) 4G/5G gene polymorphism and the occurrence of myocardial and cerebrovascular infarctions in individuals from Tianjin, China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The PAI-1 genotype was determined using allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR) in 56 myocardial infarction (MI) patients, 54 cerebrovascular infarction (CI) patients and 83 unrelated healthy controls. All subjects' clinical features and plasma PAI-1 activity levels were determined.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The PAI-1 genotype distribution frequency of the single guanine deletion/insertion 4G/5G polymorphism (located -675 bp upstream from the start of transcription) significantly differed between the patients and healthy controls. In the MI group, the 4G/4G-genotype frequency was increased, but the 4G/5G-genotype is decreased when compared to the control group. In the CI group, both the 4G/4G- and 4G/5G -genotypes occurred at a lower frequency than those in the control group (P < 0.001). The plasma PAI-1 activity level in the MI group was lowered as the presence of the 4G allele decreases. In the CI group, the frequency of 5G/5G was much higher than that of the control group (P < 0.001). The plasma PAI-1 activity level in the CI group was elevated as the presence of the 5G allele increased. Furthermore, positive correlation between triglyceride, glucose levels and PAI-1 activity were found in all three groups (P < 0.001).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The PAI-1 4G/5G gene polymorphism is associated with a higher risk of MI and CI in individuals in Tianjin, China. The deletion/insertion polymorphism is probably an important hereditary risk factor for heart diseases. Moreover, triglyceride and glucose levels of plasma have functional importance in regulating PAI-1 activity.</p>

A molecular epidemiological analysis of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus chromosomal cassette mec types with multiplex PCR strategy / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective To study the genotypes of 102 strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)collected consecutively in 2002 in our hospital Method Multiplex PCR was used to genotype Staphylococcal chromosomal cassette mec(SCCmec)element and its variants.Results Among 102 strains of MRSA,the genotypes were as follows:SCCmec-Ⅲ(94 strains),SCCmec-ⅢA(4 strains), SCCmec-Ⅳ(2 stains),SCCmec-Ⅰ(2 stains).Conclusion The predominant genotype of MRSA circulating in this hospital in 2002 was SCCmec-Ⅲ by multiplex PCR.

Systematic Review on Xuezhikang in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes with Hyperlipoidemia / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of Xuezhikang in the treatment of type 2 diabetes with hyperlipoidemia. METHODS: Retrieved from Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, CBM, VIP and CNKI databases and related periodicals, included randomized controlled trails (RCTs) was evaluated in quality. Meta-analysis was conducted with RevMan 5.0 software. RESULTS: The meta-analysis of 6 included RCT showed that the improvement of TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, FBS, 2 h-BS, HbA1c, UAE in trial group were different from control group. There was statistical significance in difference between 2 groups. CONCLUSION: Routine glycemic control combined with Xuezhikang has better effect than routine glycemic control in the treatment of type 2 diabetes with hyperlipoidemia. Because the number and quality of included study are not satisfactory, the study result should be confirmed by randomized double-blind controlled trial.

RANDOM AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA(RAPD)REVEALED THE HETEROKARYON OF AGARICUS ARVENSIS PRODUCED BY MATING REACTIONS / 微生物学通报

s: The horse mushroom (Agaricus arvensis Schaeff ex Fr.) is one of most excellent edible mushroom,and was cultivated in world at resent year.But up to now,the breeding systems and life-cycle of horse mushroom has been poorly know.In this study,the random amplified polymorphic DNA was employed to analyse the mating reaction between self-fertile homokaryonic isolates by paired.The results demonstrated: (1) the mating reaction happened and the heterokaryonic offspring formed when the intercompatible self-fertile homokaryonic isolates were paired;(2) perhaps the horse mushroom is possessed of double breeding systems-homothallism and heterothallism;(3) RAPD is very effective method for verifying artificially synthesized heterokaryons and monitoring the transmission of genetic loci in mating of fungi.