The Prevalance of Depression and Anxiety among Elderly People in Dai Rural Areas of Jinggu County Yunnan Province and Its Relationship with Socio-economic Status / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective The aim of this study is to analyze the prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms and its relationship with the socio-economic position(SEP)among the elderly people in Dai rural areas of Jinggu County,Yunnan province.Methods A multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey among 1409 people aged 60 and over in Dai rural areas of Jinggu County,Yunnan Province.The individual SEP index was constructed using the principal component analysis.Results The prevalence of anxiety symptoms,depression symptoms,and mixed anxiety-depressive disorder symptoms was 4.8%,52.0%,and 4.2% among them,2.6%,49.4%,and 2.3% among the males,and 6.8%,54.5%,and 6.0% among the females respectively.Females had the higher prevalence of anxiety symptoms and mixed anxiety-depressive disorder symptoms than males(P<0.05).Elderly people with the higher level of education,annual per capita household income and SEP had the lower prevalence of anxiety symptoms and mixed anxiety-depressive disorder symptoms than their counterparts(both P<0.05).The prevalence of depression symptoms increased with age(P<0.01).The difference in the prevelence of depression symptoms among the elderly people with the different numbers of chronic conditions was statistically significant(P<0.01).The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the elderly people with lower SEP were more likely to suffer from the anxiety symptoms(OR=0.707,95% CI:0.566～0.883),depression symptoms(OR=0.492,95% CI:0.438～0.552),and mixed anxiety-depressive disorder symptoms(OR=0.602,95% CI:0.469～0.773).Conclusion There are significant socio-economic differences in the prevalence of anxiety symptoms and depression symptoms among the elderly people in Dai rural areas of Jinggu County,Yunnan province.Future mental health interventions should more focus on females,elderly people with advanced age,multiple chronic diseases and low SEP,so as to reduce the occurrence of depression symptoms and anxiety symptoms.

HIV-negative plasmablastic lymphoma: report of 8 cases and a comprehensive review of 394 published cases

BACKGROUND@#Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a rare entity of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The clinicopathological features of and optimal treatment for HIV-negative PBL remain largely unknown.@*METHODS@#To gain insight into this distinct lymphoma, we summarized the clinicopathologic characteristics of 8 unpublished HIV-negative PBLs and performed a comprehensive review of 394 published cases.@*RESULTS@#Of the 8 unpublished PBLs, the median patient age was 53.0 years. Four patients presented with stage IV disease. All 8 patients showed a plasma cell-like immunophenotype. Of the six patients who received anthracycline-based chemotherapy, including two who received bortezomib, three patients achieved a continuous complete response, two patients died due to disease progression, and one patient was lost to follow-up. The other two patients achieved continuous complete response after receiving chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy and surgery. Of the 402 patients, the majority were male, with a mean age of 58.0 years. EBV infection was detected in 55.7% of the patients. The median survival times of the patients who received CHOP or CHOP-like regimens and intensive regimens were not reached and 23.0 months, respectively, and the intensive regimen did not improve the survival outcome (P=0.981). Multivariate analysis showed that EBER remained the only independent factor affecting overall survival (OS).@*CONCLUSION@#HIV-negative PBL is a distinct entity with a predilection for elderly and immunosuppressed individuals. Intensive chemotherapy had no apparent survival benefits over the CHOP regimen in terms of OS; the prognosis of this disease is poor with current chemotherapy methods, and treatment remains a challenge.

Roles of flotillins in tumors / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

The identification and use of molecular biomarkers have greatly improved the diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors. However, a much deeper understanding of oncogenic proteins is needed for the benefit to cancer patients. The lipid raft marker proteins, flotillin-1 and flotillin-2, were first found in goldfish retinal ganglion cells during axon regeneration. They have since been found in a variety of cells, mainly on the inner surface of cell membranes, and not only act as a skeleton to provide a platform for protein-protein interactions, but also are involved in signal transduction, nerve regeneration, endocytosis, and lymphocyte activation. Previous studies have shown that flotillins are closely associated with tumor development, invasion, and metastasis. In this article, we review the functions of flotillins in relevant cell processes, their underlying mechanisms of action in a variety of tumors, and their potential applications to tumor molecular diagnosis and targeted therapy.

Pretreatment of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction () alters pharmacokinetics of intravenous paclitaxel in rats / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction (, SGD) on the pharmacokinetics of intravenously administered paclitaxel in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Paclitaxel was intravenously administered to rats (3 mg/kg) with or without the concomitant administration of SGD (752 mg/kg, a single day or 14 consecutive days pretreatment). The paclitaxel in the serum was quantified using a simple and rapid ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) method for the pharmacokinetic study. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated via a non-compartment model using the computer program DAS 2.0.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The pharmacokinetic parameters of paclitaxel were significantly altered in response to 14 consecutive days of pretreatment with SGD. The area under the curve (AUC, from 4 820±197 to 4 205±186 ng·mL·) and AUC(from 5 237±280 to 4 514±210 ng·mL·) significantly decreased in response to the 14-day pretreatment with SGD. The values of V(L/kg) were 10.74±1.08 and 9.35±0.49, those of CL (L/kg) were 0.67±0.03 and 0.57±0.03 and the t(h) values were 11.17±0.84 and 11.32±0.93, respectively, for the 14-day SGD pretreatment and intravenous paclitaxel alone. The AUCand AUCvalues decreased by 13% and 14% (P<0.01), respectively. The area under the curve decreased signifificantly (P<0.01), and the total clearance increased by 1.2-fold (P<0.01), after 14 consecutive days of pretreatment with SGD. A single-day pretreatment with SGD did not signifificantly affect the pharmacokinetic parameters of paclitaxel.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>SGD administration for 14 consecutive days increased the metabolism of paclitaxel, while a 1-day pretreatment had little effect. The results would contribute important information to the study on interaction between Chinese medicines and chemotherapy and also help to utilize SGD better in the adjunctive therapy of cancer patients.</p>

Genetic Basis of Gastric Cancer / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

Gastric cancer is the result of multiple risk factors, including environmental factors, genetic factors and the interaction between them. The environmental factors mainly include dietary, Helicobacter pylori infection and family history of gastric cancer. Genetic factors mainly refer to the susceptible genes that cause epigenetic alterations in oncogenes, tumor suppress genes, cell cycle regulators, DNA repair genes and signaling molecules. This paper summarizes the susceptible genes of gastric cancer and explores the genetic basis of it.

Overlap between Headache, Depression, and Anxiety in General Neurological Clinics: A Cross-sectional Study / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Many studies have reported that depression and anxiety have bidirectional relationship with headache. However, few researches investigated the roles of depression or anxiety in patients with headache. We surveyed the prevalence of depression and anxiety as a complication or cause of headache among outpatients with a chief complaint of headache at neurology clinics in general hospitals. Additional risk factors for depression and anxiety were also analyzed.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A cross-sectional study was conducted at 11 general neurological clinics. All consecutive patients with a chief complaint of headache were enrolled. Diagnoses of depression and anxiety were made using the Chinese version of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, and those for headache were made according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders, 2nd Edition. The headache impact test and an 11-point verbal rating scale were applied to assess headache severity and intensity. Logistic regression was used to analyze risk factors of patients with headache for depression or anxiety.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 749 outpatients with headache were included. Among them, 148 (19.7%) were diagnosed with depression and 103 (13.7%) with anxiety. Further analysis showed that 114 (15.2%) patients complaining headache due to somatic symptoms of psychiatric disorders and 82 (10.9%) had a depression or anxiety comorbidity with headache. Most patients with depression or anxiety manifested mild to moderate headaches. Poor sleep and severe headache-related disabilities were predictors for either depression or anxiety.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Clinicians must identify the etiology of headache and recognize the effects of depression or anxiety on headache to develop specific treatments.</p>

Metabolic changes in abnormal savda patients with different types of tumor: a clinical observation / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore in vivo metabolic changes in abnormal savda patients with different types of tumor.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 142 abnormal savda patients with common cancer types were enrolled in this study, and 50 healthy volunteers were recruited as the control group. For each sample, the H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) based metabonomic analysis was performed. The free attenuation signal was computed subsection integral. Data obtained were analyzed by the Orthogonal Partial Least-Squares Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the control group, leucine, isoleucine, valine, histidine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, alanine, creatine, lactic acid, inositol, alpha-and beta-glucose, unsaturated lipids, very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) significantly decreased (P <0.05), while glycoprotein and carnitine significantly increased (P <0. 05) in the abnormal Savda group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Abnormal savda patients with different types of tumor had similar metabonomics changes.</p>

Study on supercritical CO2 extraction of xiaoyaosan and its GC-MS fingerprint / 中国中药杂志

To determine the optimum conditions of supercritical CO2 extraction of Xiaoyaosan, and establish its fingerprint by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), the yield of extract were investigated, an orthogonal test was used to quantify the effects of extraction temperature, pressure, CO2 flow rate and time, and fingerprint analysis of different batches of extracts were by GC-MS. The optimal extraction conditions were determined as follows: extraction pressure 20 MPa, extraction temperature 50 degrees C, CO2 flow rate 25 kg x h(-1), extraction time 3 h, and average yield 2.2%. The GC-MS fingerprint was established and 27 common peaks were found, whose contents add up to 81.89% of the total peak area. Among them, 21 compounds were identified, accounting for 53.20% of the total extract. The extraction process is reasonable and favorable for industrial production. The GC-MS method is accurate, reliable, reproducible, and can be used for quality control of supercritical CO2 extract from Xiaoyaosan.

Effect of manganese oxidative stress on contents of cordycepin and adenosine in mycelia of cordyceps militaris / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To explore the impact of of manganese (Mn) ions stress on the contents of cordycepin and adenosine in mycelia of C. militaris. METHODS: The mycelia biomass, Mn accumulation and activities of antioxidant enzymes [catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)] in mycelia of C. militaris with liquid culture medium supplemented with Mn from 0 to 100 g · L-1 were determined. The contents of cordycepin and adenosine in mycelia under different manganese oxidative stress were determined by HPLC. The separation was performed on a Zorbax Extend-C18 column (4.6 mm × 150 mm, 4 μm), using acetoni-trile-water (5:95) as the mobile phase. The flow rate was 1.0 mL · min-1. The detection wavelength was set at 254 nm. RESULTS: The mycelia biomass of C. militaris decreased with the increase of manganese concentration. The manganese content in mycelia increased significantly with the increase of manganese concentration and reached plateau when the manganese concentration was higher than 30 g · L-1. The activity of antioxidant enzymes including POD, CAT and SOD in mycelia of C. militaris all increased first and then decreased with increasing concentration of manganese in the culture media. The cordycepin content in mycelia increased significantly with increase of manganese concentration. When the Mn+ concentration in the culture medium was 80 g · L-1, cordycepin content in mycelia was 3.31 times higher than the control. The adenosine content decreased significantly when the manganese concentration was in the range of 0-30 g · L-1, and then remained relatively stable. CONCLUSION: Oxidative stress of manganese ions promotes the cordycepin synthesis in mycelia of C. militaris, but inhibites adenosine synthesis.

Study on tissue cultivation of adventitious roots of Pseudostellaria heterophylla / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To systematically optimize the cultivation conditions of adventitious roots of Pseudostellaria heterophylla.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Tissue cultivation technology and ultraviolet spectrophotometry were adopted to observe the effect of inoculum volume, sucrose concentration, inorganic salt concentration, number of cultivation days, gradual scale-up cultivation and bubble different angles of bioreactor on the growth of adventitious roots of P. heterophylla, and determine the content of constituents such as saponin, polysaccharide and amino acid.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The propagation multiple of adventitious roots reached the maximum when the inoculum was 6 g in a 1 L culture shake flask. With the increase in sucrose concentration, the dry weight propagation multiples of adventitious roots followed an up and down trend. The inorganic salt concentration in a cultivation dish had a greater effect on the growth of adventitious roots, particularly 3/4 MS was the most favorable for the growth of adventitious roots. The growth curve of P. heterophylla was "S", with the biomass reaching the maximum at the 28th day.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The inoculum volume, sucrose concentration, inorganic salt concentration, gradual scale-up cultivation and angles of bubble bioreactor had a significant effect on the growth of adventitious roots of P. heterophylla. The contents of saponin and amino acid in adventitious roots were higher than that in cultivated P. heterophylla, whereas the polysaccharide content were lower than that in cultivated P. heterophylla.</p>

Cultivation of Panax ginseng adventitious roots in bubble bioreactors / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study cultivation of Panax ginseng adventitious roots in bubble bioreactors.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The adventitious roots were obtained through tissue culture different types of bioreactors. The contents of ginsenosides Re, Rb1 and Rg1 were determined by HPLC while the contents of polysaccharides were determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The results showed that of the three types tested, the most efficient bioreactor for cultivation of the ginseng adventitious roots was the cone-type bioreactors (with the 120 degrees ), in which, the growth curve of adventitious roots was S-shaped. The maximum biomass was obtained on the 40th day, with the fresh weight, dry weight and growth rate reaching the maximum, which were 113.15 g, 9.62 g and 63.13 times respectively, and the concomitant contents of polysaccharide and ginsenoside were 2.73% and 2.25 mg x g(-1).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The results showed that the most efficient bioreactor for cultivation of the ginseng adventitious roots was the cone-type bioreactors (with the 120 degrees). These results provide a theoretical reference for developing an efficient production process of active metabolites of ginseng in the scale-up cultivation.</p>

Influencing factors on culture of medicinal plants adventitious roots / 中国中药杂志

With the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine, medicinal plants resources cannot meet the request of Chinese medicine industry. Medicinal plants adventitious roots culture in a large scale is an important way to achieve Chinese medicine industrialization. However, how to establish good adventitious roots culture system is its key, such as plant hormones, explant, sucrose, innoculum and salt strength.

Randomized controlled clinical trial of kang'ai injection in gastrointestinal cancerchemotherapy patients / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the influence of kang'ai injection on quality of life among gastrointestinal cancer chemotherapy patients.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Fourty-two gastrointestinal cancer patients were randomly divided into the treatment group (n=22) and the control group (n=20). The treatment group was treated with chemotherapy and kang'ai injection, and the control group was only treated with chemotherapy. Their quality of life, improvement of clinical symptoms and adverse effects were observed.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The disease control rates of the treatment group and the control group were 91% and 30% ,while their effective rates of KPS were 59% and 30% respectively. They had one case and six cases with side effects above III degree.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Kang'ai injection can mitigate syndromes of gastrointestinal cancer chemotherapy patient, improve their quality of life and have an effect of reducing toxic and enhancing efficacy for chemotherapy.</p>

Deformation of the left and right ventricular longitudinal myocardium in fetuses with umbilical cord around neck / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Umbilical cord around neck, a common obstetric complication, affects fetal hemodynamics. Does it influence fetal cardiac functions? The purpose of this study was to investigate the left and right ventricular systolic and diastolic functions of fetuses with umbilical cord around neck in the third trimester by applying velocity vector imaging (VVI).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-five cases of fetuses with umbilical cord around neck whose gestational ages from 35 to 40 weeks were selected, including 20 cases of umbilical artery ratio of the highest systolic velocity (S) to the lowest diastolic velocity (D) (S/D) < 3.0 and 15 cases of umbilical artery S/D ≥ 3.0, while 20 cases of normal fetuses of 35 - 40 gestational weeks were selected as the control group. The changes in longitudinal velocity, strain, and strain rate of fetal left and right ventricle in systole and diastole in two groups, and the changes in fetal cardiac function under the situation of umbilical cord around neck were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Longitudinal strain and strain rate overall of fetal left and right ventricle in systole and diastole were less in fetuses with umbilical artery S/D (3)3.0 and umbilical cord around neck than those in fetuses with umbilical artery S/D < 3.0 and those in control group (P < 0.05); there was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in longitudinal strain and strain rate overall of fetal left and right ventricle in systole and diastole between fetuses with umbilical artery S/D < 3.0 and those in control group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Left and right ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction was detected in fetuses with umbilical cord around neck and umbilical artery S/D (3)3.0. VVI could sensitively respond to cardiac function changes in fetuses with umbilical cord around neck, which provides another valuable method in the evaluation of fetal cardiac function.</p>

Weekly regimen of paclitaxel liposome combined with cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil continuous infusion in the treatment of advanced gastric carcinoma / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of paclitaxel with low-dose cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil continuous infusion in the treatment of advanced gastric carcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The patients were treated with paclitaxel liposome 60 mg/m(2) i.v. gtt on d1, 8, 15, DDP 15 mg×m(-2)×d(-1) by i.v. gtt on d1-5, 5-Fu 500 mg×m(-2)×d(-1) by civ for 120 h, administered every 21 days.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Out of the whole group, 3 cases achieved CR, 29 cases achieved PR with an ORR of 54.2% and median TTP of 7.1 months. Out of 40 cases in the primary treatment, 3 cases achieved CR, 22 cases achieved PR with an ORR of 62.5% and median TTP of 7.6 months. Out of 20 evaluable retreated cases, no case achieved CR, 7 cases achieved PR with an ORR of 36.8% and median TTP 6.3 months. The main toxicities were hematological toxicities, nausea and vomiting of grade I-II.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The combination regimen of paclitaxel, low-dose cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil is effective and well tolerated for patients with advanced gastric carcinoma, especially for primary treatment cases. It is worthy of further study.</p>

Effects of oligomeric grape seed proanthocyanidins on isoproterenol-induced cardiac remodeling in rats / 药学学报

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of oligomeric grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSP) on isoproterenol (ISO)-induced cardiac remodeling in rats. ISO was given subcutaneously (5 mg x kg(-1), sc, 7 days) to induce cardiac remodeling in rats. Therapeutic groups were given GSP (50, 100, and 150 mg x kg(-1)) after ISO treatment. After 2 weeks intervention, heart rate (HR), left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), rate of rise of left ventricular pressure (+/- dp/dt(max)) were examined. The myocardial hypertrophy index was expressed as heart weight/body weight (HW/BW) and left ventricle weight/body weight (LVW/BW), the histological changes were investigated by HE and Van Gieson stain. SOD activity and MDA content in serum, contents of hydroxyproline (Hyp) in the left ventricular tissue were assayed by xanthinoxidase method, thiobarbituric acid (TBA) method and alkaline hydrolysis method, respectively. After the onset of ISO-treatment, GSP therapy potently improved cardiac function, inhibited myocardial hypertrophy, improved cardiac pathology change, decreased the myocardial cross-section area (CSA), collagen volume fraction (CVF) and perivascular circumferential collagen area (PVCA), reduced the content of Hyp in the left ventricular tissue, inhibited the decrease of SOD activity and increase of MDA content in serum. GSP possess protective effect against ISO induced cardiac remodeling in rats, this may be related to reducing the oxidative stress and improving antioxidant capacity.

Molecular mechanism of proliferation of human breast cancer cell MCF-7 inhibited by E1A gene / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the molecular mechanism of proliferation inhibition of human breast cancer cell MCF-7 regulated by E1A gene.@*METHODS@#E1A gene was transfected into MCF-7 cells by liposome reagents. RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect E1A mRNA and protein expression and HER-2 mRNA in MCF-7. The proliferation and colony formation of MCF-7 were measured by 3-(4,5-dinmethylthiahiazo-z-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and soft agar formation assay. The apoptosis of MCF-7 cells regulated by E1A expression was examined by flow cytometry.@*RESULTS@#E1A was not endogenously expressed in MCF-7. E1A expression in MCF-7 could significantly decrease HER-2 mRNA and protein expression. Flow cytometry indicated that the apoptosis of MCF-7 could be induced by E1A. Meanwhile, E1A gene could significantly inhibit MCF-7 proliferation and colony formation in soft agar.@*CONCLUSION@#E1A gene can decrease HER-2 expression and induce the apoptosis of human breast cancer cell MCF-7, and inhibit the proliferation and colony formation of MCF-7.

Different Effects of Triptergium.reglii On T and B cell Function / 中国免疫学杂志

The suppressive effects of T. reglii on mouse cellular and humoral immune responses were studied. Lymphocyte proliferation effect induced with ConA,and PFC and OHS reactions with TD Ag(TNP-SRBC)were effectively suppressed by the drug. But the similar effects on LPS and TI Ag (TNP-SRBC) have not been found. The results shown that target cells of T. reglii effects may be T lymphocytes and the drug may not have a direct effect on B cells. The drug also shown a suppressive effect on IL-2 production by mouse spleen cells. The phenomenon suggests that the suppressive effects of T. reglii on humoral immune response may be indirectly mediated through suppressing helper T cells.