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Objective@#Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a severe psychiatric disorder with unknown etiology and lacking specific biomarkers. Herein, we aimed to explore plasma biomarkers relevant to SCZ using targeted metabolomics. @*Methods@#Sixty drug-naïve SCZ patients and 36 healthy controls were recruited. Psychotic symptoms were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. We analyzed the levels of 271 metabolites in plasma samples from all subjects using targeted metabolomics, and identified metabolites that differed significantly between the two groups. Then we evaluated the diagnostic power of the metabolites based on receiver operating characteristic curves, and explored metabolites associated with the psychotic symptoms in SCZ patients. @*Results@#Twenty-six metabolites showed significant differences between SCZ patients and healthy controls. Among them, 12 metabolites were phosphatidylcholines and cortisol, ceramide (d18:1/22:0), acetylcarnitine, and γ-aminobutyric acid, which could significantly distinguish SCZ from healthy controls with the area under the curve (AUC) above 0.7. Further, a panel consisting of the above 4 metabolites had an excellent performance with an AUC of 0.867. In SCZ patients, phosphatidylcholines were positively related with positive symptoms, and cholic acid was positively associated with negative symptoms. @*Conclusion@#Our study provides insights into the metabolite alterations associated with SCZ and potential biomarkers for its diagnosis and symptom severity assessment.
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Objective To explore the characteristics of blood lipid level and cognitive impairment in first-episode schizophrenic patients with positive and negative symptoms, and their correlation. Meth-ods Seventy inpatients with first-episode schizophrenia were enrolled in the hospital. Their psychiatric symptoms were assessed by positive and negative syndrome scale ( PANSS). They were divided into two groups: positive symptoms group with 42 patients and negative symptoms group with 28 patients. All patients were assessed with the Chinese version of the measurement and treatment research to improve cognition in schizophrenia consensus cognitive battery (MCCB). The differences and characteristics of cognitive function between the two groups were compared. Body mass index (BMI),serum triglyceride,total cholesterol,low density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein were recorded at admission,and the results were compared between the two groups. The correlation between cognitive assessment scores and metabolic indicators intra groups were analyzed using pearson correlation analysis. Results The scores of trail making test( TMT), brief assessment of cognition in schizophrenia-symbol encoding(BACS),Hopkins verbal learning test,maze and continuous performance test-identical pairs ( CPT-IP) in positive group (( 27. 13 ± 6. 89), ( 32. 97 ± 13. 69),(35. 70 ± 7. 52),(32. 63 ± 4. 59),( 33. 35 ± 11. 10)) were higher than those in negative group ((12. 90±14. 72),(19. 90±11. 98),(25. 80±5. 44),( 27. 50±5. 20),( 19. 89±11. 29),all P<0. 05). In terms of BMI and lipid metabolism indicators,the total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels in the negative group ((5. 03± 1. 42),( 3. 04 ± 1. 18)) were higher than those in the positive group ((4. 18± 0. 78),(2. 45±0. 64)),and the difference was statistically significant (P<0. 05). In negative group,total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein were negatively correlated with the scores of TMT ( r=-0. 469,-0. 751),BACS( r=-0. 517,-0. 538) and CPT-IP ( r=-0. 495,-0. 542) in cognitive function(all P<0. 05). Conclusion First-episode schizophrenia patients with positive and negative symptoms have similar lesion dimensions in cognitive function, but patients with negative symptoms are more severely impaired. There are differences in lipid metabolism between first-episode schizophrenia patients with positive dominant symptoms and negative dominant symptoms,and the lipid metabolism of first-episode schizophrenia patients with negative dominant symptoms is related to cognitive function.
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Objective@#To explore the characteristics of blood lipid level and cognitive impairment in first-episode schizophrenic patients with positive and negative symptoms, and their correlation.@*Methods@#Seventy inpatients with first-episode schizophrenia were enrolled in the hospital.Their psychiatric symptoms were assessed by positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS). They were divided into two groups: positive symptoms group with 42 patients and negative symptoms group with 28 patients.All patients were assessed with the Chinese version of the measurement and treatment research to improve cognition in schizophrenia consensus cognitive battery (MCCB). The differences and characteristics of cognitive function between the two groups were compared.Body mass index (BMI), serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein were recorded at admission, and the results were compared between the two groups.The correlation between cognitive assessment scores and metabolic indicators intra groups were analyzed using pearson correlation analysis.@*Results@#The scores of trail making test(TMT), brief assessment of cognition in schizophrenia-symbol encoding(BACS), Hopkins verbal learning test, maze and continuous performance test-identical pairs(CPT-IP) in positive group((27.13±6.89), (32.97±13.69), (35.70±7.52), (32.63±4.59), (33.35±11.10)) were higher than those in negative group ((12.90±14.72), (19.90±11.98), (25.80±5.44), (27.50±5.20), (19.89±11.29), all P<0.05). In terms of BMI and lipid metabolism indicators, the total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels in the negative group ((5.03±1.42), (3.04±1.18)) were higher than those in the positive group ((4.18±0.78), (2.45±0.64)), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). In negative group, total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein were negatively correlated with the scores of TMT(r=-0.469, -0.751), BACS(r=-0.517, -0.538) and CPT-IP(r=-0.495, -0.542) in cognitive function(all P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#First-episode schizophrenia patients with positive and negative symptoms have similar lesion dimensions in cognitive function, but patients with negative symptoms are more severely impaired.There are differences in lipid metabolism between first-episode schizophrenia patients with positive dominant symptoms and negative dominant symptoms, and the lipid metabolism of first-episode schizophrenia patients with negative dominant symptoms is related to cognitive function.
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Objective:To explore the influence of total alkaloids of Corydalis Ochotensis(TAOCO) on the behavior and pathomorphology of brain tissue of the rats with Alzheimer's disease(AD) induced by β-amyloid protein 25-35(Aβ25-35),and to clarify its therapeutic effects on the AD rats.Methods:The Wistar rats were divided into mormal control group(treated with 0.5 mL·100 g-1 distilled water) (n=9),model group(treated with 0.5 mL·100 g-1 distilled water)(n=9),positive drug group(treated with 1.75 mg·kg-1 donepezil hydrochloride)(n=9),and low,middle and high doses (treated with 2.0,4.0 and 8.0 mg·kg-1) of TAOCO groups(n=8,n=9,n=9).The rat AD models were made by injecting Aβ25-35 into hippocampus.On the 14th day after operation,the rats were administered for 7 d.Morris water maze test was used to detect the spatial learning and memory ability of the rats;dark avoidance task was used to observe the passive avoidance ability of the rats;the pathomorphology of the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of the rats were detected.Results:The Morris water maze test results showed that compared with model group,the latency to platform of the rats in low dose of TAOCO group was decreased on the 4th and 5th days(P0.05).Compared with model group,there was no obvious improvement of the cerebral cortex and hippocampus injury of the rats in low and middle doses of TAOCO groups.In high dose of TAOCO group,the cerebral cortex and hippocampus injury of the rats were significantly improved.Conclusion:TAOCO can improve the learning and memory function of the AD rats and reduce the pathological injury of brain tissue of AD rats.
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Objective To explore the impact of berberine on serum levels of insulin resistance and cytokines in schizophrenia patients treated with risperidone. Methods Sixty-four schizophrenia patients treated with risperidone were randomized to berberine group (n=31) and control group (n=33). The fasting plasma blood glucose (FBG) and fasting insulin (Fins) were detected before and after treatment in two groups. The homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated. The serum levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were evaluated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay before and after the treatment. Results Compared with control group and pre-treatment group, the levels of FBG, Fins, HOMA-IR, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly decreased after treatment in berberine group (P 0.05). There was positive correlation between HOMA-IR and IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in berberine group (r=0.316, 0.351 and 0.401, P 1β, IL-6 and TNF-α levels in schizophrenia patients treated with risperidone. The HOMA-IR level is closely correlated with IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-αlevels.
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ObjectiveTo observe the effect of application of health education model on patients un-dergoing extracorpereal shock wave lithotripsy of urinary calculi. MethodsWe randomly divided 278 patients undergoing extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy of urinary calculi into the experimental group(136 cases) and the control group(142 cases).The experimental group received health education according to the model of health education, while the control group adopted routine health education. The treatment effect of lithotripsy after 1 week,2 weeks and 1 month was evaluated. ResultsAfter health education,the cure rate at I week after lithotripsy was 50.7%, which was higher than that of the control group,28.2%, the cure rates at 2 weeks and 1 month were 58.2% and 86.0%, which were better than those of the control group, 49.0% and 70.4%. ConclusionsApplication of health education model can improve the treatment effect of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy of urinary calculi and alleviate pain of patients as soon as possible.
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Objective In order know the clinical effects of vitamin B1 point injection combined with Chinese manipulation and Qi Gong therapy on the postoperative urinary retention after hemorrhoid operation. Methods Totally 150 patents with postoperative urinary retention after hemorrhoid operation were divided into the experimental group and the control group with 75 cases in each group randomly.The experimental group were treated with vitamin B1 injection at San Yin Jiao point by disposable ascepfic syringe,at the same time Chinese manipulation and Qi Gong therapy were used to masage the bladder in the lower abdomen.The tradi- tional nuusing cares,such as changes of body position,induction by bicker and foment by hot water bag,were used in the conutrol group.The improving conditions of postoperative urinary retention was compared between them.Results The total effective rate was 93%(44 cases with marked effect,26 cases with drect)in the cxperimental group and 53%(17 cases with marked effect,23 cases with effect)in the control group respectively,with a very significant difference between the two groups,X2=31.7,P＜0.01.The experimental group was significantly better than that of control group in the time of uresis after surgery,P＜0.01.Conclusions Vitamin B1 point injection combined with Chinese manipulation and Qi Gong therapy is an effective mursing measure to alleviate urinary retention after henmrrhoid operation.