Expression Analysis of miRNA Profiles in Apheresis Platelets during Storage / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the expression profiles changes of miRNA in apheresis platelets after 1, 3 and 5 days of storage.@*METHODS@#The apheresis platelets were collected from 20 volunteer blood donors. After mixing fully, the platelets were stored in a shaker with (22±2) ℃ horizontal oscillation. The samples were taken on the 1st, 3rd and 5th day, and used to sequence for miRNAs by DNA nanoball (DNB) sequencing technology, which were named as C_1, C_3 and C_5, respectively. The expression level of platelets miRNA was standardized by transcripts per kilobase million (TPM) algorithm. MiRNAs with P-value < 0.001 and the expression difference of more than two times were considered as significant difference between two groups. The expression of miRNAs was verified by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR).@*RESULTS@#By DNB sequencing, there were 688, 730, and 679 platelet miRNAs expressed in C_1, C_3 and C_5 group, respectively. Cluster analysis showed that the expression profile of miRNAs changed significantly. The expression level of the first 20 high abundance miRNAs was about 4/5 of the total amounts of expressed miRNAs in each group, which the top five miRNAs were miR-21-5p, miR-26a-5p, miR-199a-3p, miR-126-3p, and let-7f-5p. The correlation of high abundance platelet miRNAs among the three groups was high (R2=0.876, R2=0.979, R2=0.937, respectively) and the differences were not statistically significant (P>0.05). Compared with the differential expression of platelet miRNAs with more than 1 000 TPM in the C_3 and C_1 group, there were 6 differentially expressed miRNAs, including 3 up-regulated (miR-146a-5p, miR-379-5p, and miR-486-5p) and 3 down-regulated (miR-652-3p, miR-142-5p, and miR-7-5p). While in the C_5 and C_1 group, there were 4 differentially expressed miRNAs, including 2 up-regulated (miR-146a-5p and let-7b-5p) and 2 down-regulated (miR-30d-5p and miR-142-5p). Compared with the differentially expression of platelet miRNAs between 1-1 000 TPM in the C_3 and C_1 group, there were 133 differentially expressed miRNAs, in which 99 were up-regulated and 34 were down-regulated. While in the C_5 and C_1 group, there were 77 differentially expressed miRNAs, in which 31 were up-regulated and 46 were down-regulated. The six selected differentially expressed miRNAs verified by RT-qPCR were consistent with those of sequencing.@*CONCLUSION@#The expression profiles of platelets miRNAs change significantly among 1, 3, and 5 d of storage in vitro.

Clinical analysis of arthroscopy used in the diagnosis and treatment of synovial chondromatosis of the temporomandibular joint / 华西口腔医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To evaluate the value of arthroscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of synovial chondromatosis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJSC).@*METHODS@#The cases of 16 patients preliminarily diagnosed with TMJSC by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) from July 2011 to December 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. If the diagnosis was confirmed by arthroscopy, the opening operation was performed. The preoperative MRI, arthroscopy and opening operation, postoperative pathology and postoperative MRI of confirmed cases were analyzed, and clinical follow-up was performed to evaluate the curative effect of open surgery. The degree of mouth opening and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores for pain pre-operation and during follow-up of the confirmed cases were analyzed by @*RESULTS@#Fourteen cases of TMJSC were diagnosed by arthroscopy, consistent with the postoperative pathological diagnosis. Postoperative MRI examination showed that articular cavity lesions basically disappeared. Ten patients with synovial chondromatosis were followed-up (follow-up rate, 71.4%) from 6 months to 7 years and 8 months (average follow-up time, 17.6 months); no recurrence was found, and clinical symptoms improved by varying degrees. Before operation and at follow-up, @*CONCLUSIONS@#Arthroscopy is essential in the diagnosis and treatment of TMJ synovial chondromatosis.

Safety and Toxicological Assessment of Allantoin Extract from Cistanches Herba / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To evaluate the safety of allantoin extract from Cistanches Herba,so as to provide scientific support for subsequent utilization and development of allantoin extract from Cistanches Herba.Method: According to the national standard procedures and methods in food safety and toxicological evaluation,a series of toxicological studies on allantoin extract from Cistanches Herba were conducted,including genetic toxicity and subacute toxicity tests.Result: In the Ames test,with or without mammalina liver microsomal enzymes (S9),allantoin extract from Cistanches Herba in 40,200,1 000,5 000 μg·dish-1 dose range for four bacteria showed no dose-dependent increase.In the micronucleus test,there was no statistically significant difference among each dose group and the negative control group.In the test of mouse sperm aberration,there was no significant difference in the sperm aberration rate among the allantoin extract group and the negative control group.The results of three genotoxicity tests were all negative,indicating no genotoxicity in allantoin extract.The results of 30 days test showed no death and abnormal clinical sign in rats of control group and each dose group (1.100,0.550,0.275 g·kg-1).The body weight,food intake,weekly and total food utilization,weight increment,organ/body ratios,blood biochemical indexes and blood routine indexes had no significant difference among the control group and dose groups.There was no abnormal pathological change in heart,liver,spleen,lung,kidney and testicle of rats in treatment group.Conclusion: Allantoin extract from Cistanches Herba is a non-toxic substance without any genetic toxicity but with a high edible safety.This study provides scientific experimental basis for its safety.

Advances in the nonribosomal peptide synthetases / 药学学报

Nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPS) catalyze the synthesis of nonribosomal peptide (NRP) compounds with structural and functional diversities, including more than 20 marketed drugs. This review focuses on the recent advances in the functional domains of NRPS and their mechanisms of action, as well as the unconventional assembly patterns such as iterative NRPS, module skipping, in trans aminoacylation and tandem adenylation domains. This review provides the theoretical basis for exploring new nonribosomal peptide compounds and the development of new drugs.

Retrospective study of temporomandibular joint dislocation by surgical treatment / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This study aimed to retrospectively analyze temporomandibular joint dislocation by surgical treatment and evaluate the treatment effect.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From May 2012 to April 2016, a total of 17 cases of temporomandibular joint dislocation were surgically treated, including 8 cases of irreducible dislocation (ID) and 9 cases of recurrent dislocation (RD). Synovial injection of sclerosing agent by arthroscope was performed in 5 cases, 9 sides; augmentation of the articular eminence by titanium plate implantation was performed in 7 cases, 12 sides; iliac bone transplantation was performed in 1 case, 1 side; Medpore implantation was performed in 3 cases, 6 sides; and eminectomy and capsular tightening were performed in 1 case, 2 sides. Follow-up was conducted 1-5 years after the operation, and the success rate statistics was obtained.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The cure rate of synovial injection of sclerosing agent by arthroscope was 77.8% (7/9), and the effective rate was 100%. The cure rate of titanium plate implantation was 75% (9/12), and the effective rate was 100%. The cure rates of augmentation of the articular eminence by Medpore implantation (6/6), iliac bone graft (1/1), and eminectomy (2/2) were 100%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The surgical method of temporomandibular joint dislocation was selected according to the state of the patients. The postoperative recurrent patients were advised to undergo augmentation of the articular eminence by Medpore implantation, which offered a reduced chance of recurrence and relatively less injury, as well as a simple operative method.</p>

Influence of Dexamethasone on IL-25 and IFN-γin Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid of Asthmatic Mice / 医药导报

Objective To investigate the mechanism of therapeutic action of dexamethasone on asthmatic mice by detecting the levels of IL-25 and IFN-γ in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Methods Balb/c mice with SPF grade were randomly divided into normal control group, asthma group and dexamethasone group. Asthma group and dexamethasone group were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin ( OVA) . Dexamethasone group was intraperitoneally injected with dexamethasone one hour before challenging. The mice were executed 24 hours after the last challenge, and the HE stained pathological sections of the right lung were made. Pathological sections of lung were observed. BALF in the left lung was also collected. The total white blood cell count and absolute eosinophile ( EOS) count were observed, and the percentage of EOS was calculated. The levels of IL-25 and IFN-γwere measured with ELISA, and correlation analyses were made. Results The counts of total white blood cell and EOS, and the percentage of EOS were significantly higher in the asthma group than in the normal control group and dexamethasone group (P<0. 05). No differences were found between the normal control group and dexamethasone group. The IL-25 level was higher in the asthma group than in the normal control group and dexamethasone group (P<0. 05), and its level in the dexamethasone group was also higher than that in the normal control group. The IFN-γlevel was lower in the asthma group than in the normal control group and dexamethasone group (P<0. 05), while there was no significant difference between the normal control group and dexamethasone group. IL-25 was negatively correlated with IFN-γin each group. Conclusion Part of the mechanisms of dexamethasone acting on asthma are related to its inhibition on the pulmonary inflammation and promotion on the expression of IFN-γ, and possible inhibition of IL-25 expression.

Correlation between patient-based questionnaires and computer tomography staging in chronic rhinosinusitis / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between the patient-based questionnaires and the computed tomography (CT) staging in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Quantitative data of 121 preoperative recruits with CRS were collected by using the Lund-Mackay CT staging system, a visual analogue scale (VAS), sino-nasal outcome test-20 (SNOT-20), and the medical outcome study short-form 36 items (SF-36). The patients were classified into several subgroups according to whether CRS was associated with nasal polyps (NP) or not, sex, duration of disease, and educational background. Correlation between the patient-based questionnaires and the CT staging were analyzed in the total cohort patients and subgroups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the total cohort patients, there were significant correlations between SNOT-20 and SF-36 (r = -0.561, P < 0.01), SNOT-20 and VAS (r = 0.743, P < 0.01), and SF-36 and VAS (r = -0.504, P < 0.01), however, the CT staging did not correlate with the patient-based questionnaires (P > 0.05). Significant but weak correlations were found between the CT staging and the patient-based questionnaires in the CRS with NP subgroup (CT vs SNOT-20, r = 0.318, P = 0.005; CT vs SF-36, r = -0.358, P = 0.002; CT vs VAS, r = 0.358, P = 0.002). Compared between CRS with NP and without NP subgroup, there were statistic differences on the Lund-Mackay CT stage and the SNOT-20 and VAS scores (t value was 3.249, -2.409, -2.957, respectively, all P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The patient-based questionnaires correlate well with each other, but CT staging correlated significantly but weakly with the patient-based questionnaires only in the CRS with NP subgroup. Nasal polyps do not appear to be responsible for the adverse effects of CRS on quality of life.</p>

Isolation and cell culture of human bocavirus (HBoV) by human bronchial epithelial cell lines / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate pave a way for studying pathogenicty of HBoV.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Isolation and cell culture of HBoV by human bronchial epithelial cell line, which was founded in our laboratory. The morphology of the virus were primarily studied with a transmission electron microscope. In addition, transcript mRNA was detected in human bronchial epithelial cells, which was passaged and infected within HBoV, using the reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The amplified products nucleotide sequence of HBoV were sequencing and sequence analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Cytopathic effect (CPE) was observed after the aseptic residue of filtration of 2 case sputum specimens with HBoV, which was inoculated to the human bronchial epithelial cell line. The virus particles were observed in the cytoplasm, which were hexagonal or spherical in shape and 18-26 nm in diameter,bulk was 20 nm. cDNA amplicon obtained 295 bp fragment results of electrophoresis bands as same as NS1 region of the conserved matrix gene of publish sequence of HboV. PCR products nucleotide sequence of HboV were compared with corresponding HboV GeneBank sequences. The comparison/alignment and construction of phylogenetic trees also point to an affiliation of the parvovirus to the species HBoV.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Isolation and identification of HBoV could be done in the human bronchial epithelial cell, and we found some characterizing CPE in the human bronchial epithelial cell after HBoV infection. The above studies pave a way for studying pathogenicty of human bocavirus.</p>

Adefovir dipivoxil treatment of hepatic cirrhosis complicated with hepatitis B virus associated glomerulonephritis / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the efficacy and safety of adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) in treating hepatic cirrhosis complicated with hepatitis B virus associated glomerulonephritis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Six hepatic cirrhosis (Child-Pugh A grade, liver function compensated) patients complicated with hepatitis B virus associated glomerulonephritis diagnosed by renal biopsy, real time PCR and urinary protein tests were treated with ADV for one year in addition to a routine treatment. The dosage of ADV was 100mg daily.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After 3 and 6 months treatment the negative conversion rates of HBV-DNA were 33.3% and 83.3%; the negative conversion rates of HBeAg were 16.7% and 66.7%; the positive conversion rates of HBeAb were both 16.7%; the recovery rates of ALT were 83.3% and 100.0%; and the recovery rates of TBil were 66.7% and 83.3% respectively. Protein in the urine of two patients was decreased to 0.3 g/d and in three patients it was 50% of the original values. After 1 year treatment the disease subsided fully in 3 and partially in 2 patients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Treating hepatic cirrhosis complicated with hepatitis B virus associated glomerulonephritis using adefovir dipivoxil is effective and safe.</p>

Preparation and identification of a single-chain antibody fragment against high pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus / 生物工程学报

Previously, an mAb 10F7 was developed against H5N1 hemagglutinin, which was highly specific to 34 different H5N1 strains and showed good neutralizing activity. In the present study, the single-chain fragment of the antibody was cloned into a prokaryotic vector and then expressed in E. coli. The activity of the scFv was tested in hemagglution inhibition and neutralization experiment. Two H5N1 virus strains were inhibited to bind erythrocyte cells by the scFv while the H9 virus was not. Also, five H5N1 virus strains were neutralized during infecting MDCK cells. These results showed an approachable method for developing therapeutic antibody to H5N1 virus.

Isolation of human antibodies against hepatitis E virus from phage display library by immobilized metal affinity chromatography / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To isolate human antibodies against hepatitis E virus from phage display library by a new method of panning phage antibody library based on immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Phage antibody library was allowed to mix with hex-His tagged expressed HEV specific antigen, NE2, in solution for adequate binding before affinity resin for hex-His was added. The non-specific phage antibodies were removed by extensive washing and the specific bound phage antibodies could then be eluted to infect TG1 or repeat the binding process for subsequent rounds of purification. The specificity of the selected human antibodies were tested by antigen competitive ELISA, human sera blocking ELISA, scFv expression, and sequence analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>His-NE2 specific recombinant phages were successfully enriched after panning procedure. Two individual phage clones, 126 and 138, showed 50% inhibition in NE2 antigen competition ELISA and obvious blocking effect by HEV positive serum in blocking ELISA. Soluble scFv of 126, 138 bound to NE2 specifically.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Two specific human phage antibodies against hepatitis E virus (HEV) from phage display library were isolated by immobilized metal affinity chromatography. The immobilized metal affinity chromatography applied to phage antibody selection was a helpful supplement to the selection in solution.</p>

RP-HPLC Determination of the Content of Ephedrine?HCl in Xiaoyan Zhike Plaster / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To establish a RP-HPLC method to determine the content of ephedrine?HCl in Xiaoyan Zhike Plaster. Method The sample was prepared according to 2005 edition of Chinese Pharmacopocia, the column of Inertsil-3 ODS (4.6 mm?250 mm, 5 ?m) was used. The mobile phase was composed of methanol-0.1% of phosphoric acid (5∶95). The flow rate was 1 mL/min, with UV detection at 207 nm. Results The linear range was 0.041～0.41 ?g (r=0.999 8). The lowest limit of detection was 0.025 6 ?g. The average recovery and the precision was 99.55% and 2.58%. Conclusion The method is simple, sensitive and accurate, and can be used for the quality control of Xiaoyan Zhike Plaster.

RP-HPLC Determination of Geniposide in Xiaoyan Tuire Patch / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To establish a RP-HPLC method to determine the content of geniposide in Xiaoyan Tuire Patch. Method The column of Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18 (4.6 mm?250 mm 5 ?m) was used. The mobile phase was composed of water-acetonitrile-phosphoric acid (86∶14∶0.01). The flow rate was 1 mL/min, with UV detection at 238 nm, and the temperature was 30 ℃. Results The linear range was 0.07～0.70 ?g (r =0.99997). The average recovery was 98.60% and the RSD was 1.96%. Conclusion The method is simple, sensitive and accurate, and can be used for the determination of Xiaoyan Tuire Patch.

Deep neck abscess: analysis of 50 cases / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify the predisposing factors of deep neck abscess and review diagnosis and treatment experience.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A respective review was conducted in 50 cases who were diagnosed as having deep neck abscess in this hospital from Jan. 1997 to Dec. 2002.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The causes of deep neck abscess were tooth diseases (3 cases), acute tonsillitis and laryngitis (8 cases), infection of upper respiratory tract (9 cases), foreign bodies in esophagus (14 cases), diabetes mellitus (5 cases), uncertain cause (11 cases). Among 21 cases of pus bacterial cultivation, 13 (64%) cases were positive. By different ways of drainage including neck-mediastinum incision, and use of large dosage of antibiotics, 46 six cases were cured and 4 cases died. Two died of massive hemorrhage of neck blood vessel burst, one massive hemorrhage of upper digestive tract, another infective shock.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Once deep neck abscess is diagnosed, early surgical drainage, appropriate use of antibiotics and control of complications and accompanying diseases are very important to improve the cure rate.</p>