Automobile versus pedestrian accidents analysis by fixed-parameters computer simulation / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#Using computer simulation to analyze the effects of speed, type of automobile and impacted position on crash-course and injuries of pedestrians in automobile vs. pedestrian accidents.@*METHODS@#Automobiles (bus, minibus, car and truck) and pedestrian models were constructed with multi-body dynamics computing method. The crashes were simulated at different impact speeds (20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 km/h) and different positions (front, lateral and rear of pedestrians). Crash-courses and their biomechanical responses were studied.@*RESULTS@#If the type of automobile and impact position were the same, the crash-courses were similar (impact speed < or = 60 km/h). There were some characteristics in the head acceleration, upper neck axial force and leg axial force.@*CONCLUSION@#Multi-body dynamics computer simulation of crash can be applied to analyze crash-course and injuries (head, neck and leg) of pedestrians.

Characteristics and biomechanical mechanism of riding injuries in accidents of bicycles collided by motor vehicles / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the characteristics and biomechanical mechanism of riding injuries involving bicycles collided by motor vehicles.@*METHODS@#The real traffic accident cases of bicycles collided by motor vehicles, including the information of scenes, bicycles, motor vehicles, rider wounds and traffic directions, were collected. Retrospective method was used to study these riding injuries. In addition, typical cases were selected to simulate traffic accident courses with computer simulation software, and the dynamic data like acceleration, force, moment were cxtracted to compare with those in the real cases.@*RESULTS@#There were no difference of occurring frequency between cases with or without riding injuries, as well as between one-side-collision and front- or back-collision. The riding injuries seemed less in accidents involving large-scale vehicles. The frequency of riding injuries increased with vehicle speed. The wound location was low on collision side and high on opposite.@*CONCLUSION@#Analysis of riding injury characteristic in traffic accidents and their biomechanical mechanism would be helpful for estimation of traffic manner.

Analysis of injuries of motorcycle occupants in traffic accidents / 法医学杂志

This study analyzed injuries of motorcycle occupants and the trace evidence of motor vehicles in 3 cases of motorcycle accidents. Due to differences in positions, postures, and responses, the driver and passenger showed their unique injury patterns and characteristics, which could be verified by analysis of trace evidence of the vehicles. It provided some common features from these cases and could be useful to determine the responsible parties and to determine who was the driver.