Traditional Chinese Medicine Regulation of MAPK Pathway for Treatment of Obesity： A Review / 中国实验方剂学杂志

With a global rise in morbidity rates， obesity has become a pressing public health issue. With increased adipocyte number and volume as the main characteristics， obesity is also manifested by metabolic disorders to varying degrees. At the same time， obesity is a risk factor for diabetes， hypertension， stroke， cancer， and cardiovascular diseases， imposing burdens on society and families. Influenced by lifestyle， environment， behavior， and genetics， obesity is caused by the interaction of many factors， and its pathological process is complex， involving inflammation， autophagy， and intestinal dysbiosis. The mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） cascade reaction， a pivotal signaling pathway， plays a crucial role in cellular processes such as proliferation， differentiation， apoptosis， and stress responses. Both Chinese and international studies indicate that the MAPK signaling pathway can effectively regulate obesity through various pathways， including the modulation of adipocyte differentiation and apoptosis， appetite control， and inflammation improvement. Moreover， traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has demonstrated significant efficacy in preventing and treating obesity， leveraging advantages such as multiple targets， diverse components， and minimal adverse effects. Research indicates that the MAPK signaling pathway is a primary focus of TCM regulation in this context， although a systematic review in this field is currently lacking. Therefore， this paper， by reviewing the latest Chinese and international research， provided a concise overview of the basic structure of the MAPK pathway， with a specific emphasis on recent progress in TCM interventions targeting the MAPK pathway for obesity treatment. The results indicate that regulating adipose tissue formation， differentiation， and thermogenesis， reducing inflammation and oxidative stress levels， and improving insulin sensitivity and metabolic disorders seem to be the main ways for TCM to regulate the MAPK pathway to prevent and treat obesity. However， it is necessary to find more research methods and explore potential mechanisms underlying TCM formulations based on the MAPK pathway for obesity prevention and treatment.

Recovery from muscle injurie after high-intensity training in table tennis / Recuperação de lesão muscular após treinamento de alta intensidade na prática do tênis de mesa / Recuperación de lesión muscular tras un entrenamiento de alta intensidad en el tenis de mesa

ABSTRACT Introduction High-intensity training is an important point in table tennis training. Due to the high muscle load, occasional injuries may occur during the practice of this activity, requiring the intervention of dedicated physical rehabilitation. Objective Explore the rehabilitation process of muscle injuries caused by high-intensity training in table tennis athletes. Methods Thirty-one student table tennis athletes with indications for rehabilitation due to muscle injuries caused by high-intensity training were volunteers for this research. Data pertinent to the research were collected before and after the intervention. Muscle strength, tank test, lifting test, flexor and extensor group peak torque at 60°/s speed, and flexor and extensor group peak torque at 60°/s speed were analyzed, and data were stored and analyzed in statistical software. The results were analyzed and checked against the updated scientific literature. Results The research shows that a good recovery method can relieve muscle pain and reduce psychological problems caused by pain and speed up joint motion gain. Conclusion The protocol analyzed in this paper can improve the athletes' sporting level both from the physiological and psychological point of view, besides promoting faster recovery and being suitable for daily practical application. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

RESUMO Introdução O treino de alta intensidade é um ponto importante no treinamento do tênis de mesa. Devido à alta carga muscular, podem ocorrer lesões ocasionais durante a prática dessa atividade, exigindo a intervenção de uma reabilitação física dedicada. Objetivo Explorar o processo de reabilitação nas lesões musculares provocadas pelo treinamento de alta intensidade em atletas do tênis de mesa. Métodos Foram voluntários dessa pesquisa 31 estudantes atletas do tênis de mesa com indicação para reabilitação devido a lesões musculares ocasionadas pelo treinamento de alta intensidade. Os dados pertinentes a pesquisa foram coletados antes e após a intervenção. Foi analisada a força muscular, teste de tanque, teste de levantamento, o torque de pico do grupo flexor e extensor à velocidade de 60°/s e o torque de pico do grupo flexor e extensor à velocidade de 60°/s, os dados foram armazenados e analisados em software estatístico. Os resultados foram analisados e confrontados à bibliografia científica atualizada. Resultados A pesquisa mostra que um bom método de recuperação pode não só aliviar a dor muscular e reduzir os problemas psicológicos causados pela dor, como também pode agilizar o ganho de movimento articular. Conclusão O protocolo analisado neste trabalho pode melhorar o nível esportivo dos atletas tanto do ponto de vista fisiológico quanto psicológico além de promover uma recuperação mais rápida, sendo apta na aplicação prática cotidiana. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción El entrenamiento de alta intensidad es un punto importante en el entrenamiento del tenis de mesa. Debido a la elevada carga muscular, pueden producirse lesiones ocasionales durante la práctica de esta actividad, que requieren la intervención de un rehabilitador físico especializado. Objetivo Explorar el proceso de rehabilitación en las lesiones musculares causadas por el entrenamiento de alta intensidad en atletas de tenis de mesa. Métodos 31 estudiantes atletas de tenis de mesa con indicación de rehabilitación debido a lesiones musculares causadas por el entrenamiento de alta intensidad fueron voluntarios de esta investigación. Los datos pertinentes para la investigación se recogieron antes y después de la intervención. Se analizó la fuerza muscular, la prueba del tanque, la prueba de elevación, el par máximo del grupo de flexores y extensores a una velocidad de 60°/s y el par máximo del grupo de flexores y extensores a una velocidad de 60°/s, los datos se almacenaron y analizaron en un software estadístico. Los resultados fueron analizados y contrastados con la literatura científica actualizada. Resultados La investigación demuestra que un buen método de recuperación no sólo puede aliviar el dolor muscular y reducir los problemas psicológicos causados por el dolor, sino que también puede acelerar la ganancia de movimiento de las articulaciones. Conclusión El protocolo analizado en este trabajo puede mejorar el nivel deportivo de los atletas tanto desde el punto de vista fisiológico como psicológico, además de promover una recuperación más rápida, siendo apto para su aplicación práctica diaria. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Comparison of short-term efficacy of orthopedic robot-assisted and traditional fluoroscopy-guided sustentaculum tali screw fixation of Sanders type II and III calcaneal fracture / 中华创伤杂志

Objective:To compare the short-term efficacy of orthopedic robot-assisted and traditional fluoroscopy-guided sustentaculum talus screw fixation of Sanders type II and III calcaneal fracture with.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 54 patients with Sanders type II and III calcaneal fracture admitted to People′s Hospital of Nanchang County of Jiangxi Province from October 2020 to October 2021, including 30 males and 24 females; aged 29-57 years [(39.5±7.4)years]. Type of fracture was Sanders type II in 38 feet and Sanders type III in 22 feet. Sustentaculum talus screw fixation was performed using orthopedic robot-assisted technique in robot group (26 patients, 28 feet) and using intraoperative fluoroscopy-guided technique in freehand group (28 patients, 32 feet). The intraoperative fluoroscopy frequency, incision length, intraoperative blood loss and operation time were recorded. Calcaneus width, B?hler angle and Gissane angle were measured preoperatively and at 3-, 6-month postoperatively. Foot function was assessed using the Maryland scale at 6 months after operation. Postoperative complications were observed.Results:All patients were followed up for 6-8 months [(6.9±0.7)months]. The intraoperative fluoroscopy frequency and operation time were (2.8±0.7)times and (46.9±2.4)minutes in robot group, compared to (10.1±2.0)times and (75.6±3.1)minutes in freehand group (all P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the incision length and intraoperative blood loss between the two groups (all P>0.05). The calcaneus width, B?hler angle and Gissane angle in the two groups were improved at postoperative 3, 6 months when compared with preoperative ones (all P<0.05), and the improvement was much better in robot group than that in freehand group ( P<0.05 or 0.01). The excellent and good rate of Maryland score was 100% (28/28) (21 excellent, 7 good) in robot group at postoperative 6 months, compared to 78.1% (25/32) (19 excellent, 6 good, 7 fair) in freehand group ( P<0.05). The postoperative complication rate was 0% (0/28) in robot group and was 6.3% (2/32) in freehand group ( P>0.05). Conclusion:For Sanders type II and III calcaneal fracture, orthopedic robot-assisted sustentaculum talus screw fixation is superior to traditional fluoroscopy-guided internal fixation since it can significantly reduce intraoperative fluoroscopy frequency, shorten operation time, improve calcaneus width, B?hler angle and Gissane angle, and achieve better foot function.

Value and clinical application of multiplex bead-based flow fluorescent immunoassay in the detection of autoantibodies in primary biliary cholangitis / 临床肝胆病杂志

Objective To investigate the value of multiplex bead-based flow fluorescent immunoassay (MBFFI) in the diagnosis of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) by analyzing its results in detecting antimitochondrial antibody M2 subtype (AMA-M2), gp210 antibody, and sp100 antibody. Methods A total of 340 patients who attended The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from August 2018 to June 2020 and were diagnosed with PBC were enrolled as PBC group, and 143 patients with other diseases and 117 individuals undergoing physical examination were also enrolled. MBFFI and immunoblotting test (IBT) were used to detect AMA-M2, gp210, and sp100 autoantibodies in serum, and the Kappa-test was used to compare the consistency of the two methods in detecting the same autoantibody; the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the value of MBFFI detection of three antibodies in the diagnosis of PBC; the chi-square test was used to compare positive. Results In the PBC group, the two methods showed the best consistency in detecting AMA-M2(Kappa=0.874) and showed relatively good consistency in detecting gp210 and sp100 antibodies (Kappa=0.713 and 0.749). MBFFI had the highest sensitivity of 72.06% in detecting AMA-M2; it had a sensitivity of 44.71% in the combined detection of gp210 and sp100 antibodies, which was higher than its sensitivity in detecting each antibody alone; it had a sensitivity of 82.65% in the combined detection of AMA-M2, gp210, and sp100 antibodies, which was higher than its sensitivity in detecting each antibody alone. Combined detection of the three antibodies had the largest area under the ROC curve of 0.907 0 in the diagnosis of PBC. Conclusion MBFFI has good consistency with IBT in detecting autoantibodies associated with PBC, and the combined detection of AMA-M2, gp210, and sp100 antibodies by MBFFI has higher sensitivity and value in the diagnosis of PBC.

Value and clinical application of multiplex bead-based flow fluorescent immunoassay in the detection of autoantibodies in primary biliary cholangitis / 临床肝胆病杂志

Objective To investigate the value of multiplex bead-based flow fluorescent immunoassay (MBFFI) in the diagnosis of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) by analyzing its results in detecting antimitochondrial antibody M2 subtype (AMA-M2), gp210 antibody, and sp100 antibody. Methods A total of 340 patients who attended The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from August 2018 to June 2020 and were diagnosed with PBC were enrolled as PBC group, and 143 patients with other diseases and 117 individuals undergoing physical examination were also enrolled. MBFFI and immunoblotting test (IBT) were used to detect AMA-M2, gp210, and sp100 autoantibodies in serum, and the Kappa-test was used to compare the consistency of the two methods in detecting the same autoantibody; the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the value of MBFFI detection of three antibodies in the diagnosis of PBC; the chi-square test was used to compare positive. Results In the PBC group, the two methods showed the best consistency in detecting AMA-M2(Kappa=0.874) and showed relatively good consistency in detecting gp210 and sp100 antibodies (Kappa=0.713 and 0.749). MBFFI had the highest sensitivity of 72.06% in detecting AMA-M2; it had a sensitivity of 44.71% in the combined detection of gp210 and sp100 antibodies, which was higher than its sensitivity in detecting each antibody alone; it had a sensitivity of 82.65% in the combined detection of AMA-M2, gp210, and sp100 antibodies, which was higher than its sensitivity in detecting each antibody alone. Combined detection of the three antibodies had the largest area under the ROC curve of 0.907 0 in the diagnosis of PBC. Conclusion MBFFI has good consistency with IBT in detecting autoantibodies associated with PBC, and the combined detection of AMA-M2, gp210, and sp100 antibodies by MBFFI has higher sensitivity and value in the diagnosis of PBC.

Recent advances and applications of base editing systems / 生物工程学报

The CRISPR system is able to accomplish precise base editing in genomic DNA, but relies on the cellular homology-directed recombination repair pathway and is therefore extremely inefficient. Base editing is a new genome editing technique developed based on the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Two base editors (cytosine base editor and adenine base editor) were developed by fusing catalytically disabled nucleases with different necleobase deaminases. These two base editors are able to perform C>T (G>A) or A>G (T>C) transition without generating DNA double-stranded breaks. The base editing technique has been widely used in gene therapy, animal models construction, precision animal breeding and gene function analysis, providing a powerful tool for basic and applied research. This review summarized the development process, technical advantages, current applications, challenges and perspectives for base editing technique, aiming to help the readers better understand and use the base editing technique.

Clinical application of highly sensitive α-fetoprotein variant ratio in the diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma / 中华消化杂志

Objective To evaluate the clinical application value of serum high sensitive α-fetoprotein variant ratio (hs-AFP-L3％) in the diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods From October 2016 to March 2018,at Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,160 patients diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma,32 patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC),52 patients with post-hepatitis B liver cirrhosis,53 patients with chronic hepatitis B and 50 healthy controls were enrolled.The serum levels of hs-AFP-L3％ and α-fetoprotein were measured.Mann-Whitney U test,Spearman correlation analysis,Wilcoxon signed rank test and chi-square test were performed for statistical analysis.Results The serum levels of hs-AFP-L3％ and α-fetoprotein in hepatocellular carcinoma group were 24.90％ (4.68％ to 61.85％) and 113.45 μg/L (11.18 μg/L to 1 803.48 μg/L),respectively,which were higher than those in ICC group (0.50％,0.50％ to 0.50％;and 2.79 μg/L,1.72 μg/L to 4.04 μg/L),cirrhosis group (0.50％,0.50％ to 5.25％;and 18.35 μg/L,3.95 μg/L to 31.93 μg/L),chronic hepatitis group (0.50％,0.50％ to 4.25％;and 2.70 μg/L,1.80 μg/L to 17.00 μg/L),and healthy control group (0.50％,0.50％ to 0.50％;and 1.94 μg/L,1.46 μg/L to 2.63 μg/L),and the differences were statistically significant (U =461.00,1 485.50,1 141.00,625.00;401.50,2 207.00,1 254.00,266.00;all P ＜0.01).The sensitivity of hs-AFP-L3％ and α-fetoprotein in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma was 66.3％ and 70.0％,respectively;and the difference was not statistically significant (x2 =0.54,P ＞ 0.05).The sensitivity of the combined detection was 82.5％,which was higher than that of the separate detection,and the differences were statistically significant (x2 =24.04 and 18.05,both P ＜0.01).The specificity of hs-AFP-L3％ was 95.2％,which was higher than that of α-fetoprotein (68.6％),and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =26.04,P ＜ 0.01).The specificity of the combined detection of these two markers was 68.6％,which was lower than that of hs-AFP-L3％ alone (95.2％),and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =26.04,P ＜ 0.01).There was no statistically significant difference in the specificity between the combined detection and α-fetoprotein detection alone (68.6％,P ＞ 0.05).The sensitivity of hs-AFP-L3％ in the diagnosis of patients with α-fetoprotein-negative (α-fetoprotein ＜ 20 μg/L) hepatocellular carcinoma was 41.7％.The serum levels of hs-AFP-L3％ and α-fetoprotein were both positively correlated with tumor size and clinical stage (hs-AFP-L3％ r =0.272 and 0.436;α-fetoprotein r =0.375 and 0.458;all P ＜ 0.01).The reduction of serum hs-AFP-L3％ in 38 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after operation was 82.2％,which was higher than that of oα-fetoprotein (69.2％),and the difference was statistically significant (U =532.50,P =0.049).There was no correlation between serum level of hs-AFP-L3％ and α-fetoprotein level (r =0.077,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The sensitivity of hs-AFP-L3％ is similar to that of α-fetoprotein in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma,while the specificity of hs-AFP-L3％ is higher than that of α-fetoprotein.The combined detection of the two markers can improve the diagnostic rate of hepatocellular carcinoma.The hs-AFP-L3％ has a high diagnostic value in α-fetoprotein-negative hepatocellular carcinoma.

Serum expression of PIVKA-Ⅱand SA in patients with chronic renal insufficiency / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate the impact of chronic renal insufficiency on serum levels of protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist‐Ⅱ(PIVKA‐Ⅱ) and sialic acid (SA) .MethodsThe levels of serum PIVKA‐Ⅱ ,SA ,urea and creatinine(Cr) were detected in 127 cases of chronic renal insufficiency ,32 cases of renal disease with normal renal function ,57 healthy controls un‐dergoing the physical examination and 120 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC ) by using the chemiluminescent and enzymatic methods respectively .The serum urea and creatinine levels were also measured .The estimated GFR (eGFR) was calculated .Results The serum PIVKA‐Ⅱ level had no statistical difference in among the healthy control group ,renal disease with normal renal func‐tion group and renal disease with renal insufficiency group (H=2 .902 ,P> 0 .05) ,moreover significantly lower than that in the HCC group (U=319 .5 ,203 .00 ,665 .50 respectively ,P0 .05) .However ,serum SA levels had statistical differences among the healthy control group ,disease complicating normal renal function group and disease complicating renal insufficiency group( H = 63 .685 ,P0 .05) .Conclusion The renal insufficiency has no obvious im‐pact on serum PIVKA‐Ⅱexpression ,but could significantly increase the SA expression level ,moreover is closely related with the se‐verity of renal function impairment ,thus indicating that the SA level increase not only has the assisted diagnosis value on HCC and multiple malignant tumors ,but also better reflects the renal function status in the patients with chronic renal insufficiency .

Treatment of scaphoid nonunion fractures by vascularized radial periosteum graft from the dorsal distal radius / 中华骨科杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical effects of scaphoid nonunion fractures by vascularized bone graft which can reconstruct fracture blood circulation. Methods From March 2013 to December 2014, 28 cases of patients with scaphoid fractures and nonunions were studied, including 16 males and 12 females whose age arranged from 19 to 33 years with a mean age of 26.2 years, for whom waist fractures and nonunions accounted 25 cases, and proximal end of scaphoid accounted 3 cases. The patients received treatments, vascularized radial periosteum graft was transversely implanted after radial periosteal flap pedicled on their current branch of the radial artery between the first and second tendinous sheath had been separated. Then 15 cases were fixed by Kirschner wire and 13 by Herbert screw. X?ray films were taken and checked regularly and periodically at 1th, 2nd, 3rd, 6th, 12th month after the operation to follow up fracture union and wrist function rehabilitation. Results All 28 cases of patients were followed up after operation for a period ranging from 5 to 12 months (with an average of 8 months). All patients with scaphoid fractures and nonunions were cured. The fractures and nonunions were clinically healed within 3 to 5 months and the patients didn't suffer from wrist pain basically. The wrist functions of those patients were evaluated according to modified Mayo wrist score:21 were rated as excellent, 5 as fine, 2 as fair, the excellent and good rate was 93%(26/28). The excellent and good rate of Kirsch?ner wire group was 93%(14/15), and the Herbert screw group was 92%(12/13). The difference in the excellent and good rate was not statistically significant between Kirschner wire group and Herbert screw group (χ2=0.011, P=0.916). Conclusion Fixed with Kirschner wire or Herbert screw, using vascularized radial periosteum graft to treat scaphoid fractures and nonunions has good short?term clinical effects. The operation manner with simple operation is an effective treatment, which can improve the blood sup?ply of the scaphoid fracture.

The clinical value of serum PIVKA-Ⅱ and AFP detection for hepatocellular carcinoma / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective To discuss the clinical value of Protein induced by Vitamin K Antagonist-Ⅱ (PIVKA-Ⅱ) and alpha-Fetoproteins (AFP) in diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and monitoring the treatment effects.Methods Patients were recruited by the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,from August 2013 to March 2014.Serum levels of PIVKA-Ⅱ and AFP were measured by both chemiluminescence assay (CLIA) and electrochemiluminescence assay (ECLA) in patients with HCC (n =148),intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma (n =37),gastric cancer and colorectal cancer (n =44),cirrhosis (n =63),chronic hepatitis B (n =38) and healthy subjects (n =57).To analyze the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC-AUC) and to compare the sensitivity and specificity of single PIVKA-Ⅱ or AFP assay,and the combined detection.To analyze the correlation of PIVKA-Ⅱ and both tumor size and TNM staging,so do AFP,respectively.To compare the serum level changes of the two indicators in HCC patients before and after treatment.Results The serum levels of both PIVKA-Ⅱ and AFP in HCC group were higher than that in intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma,gastric cancer and colorectal cancer,cirrhosis,chronic hepatitis B and healthy subjects groups (PIVKA-Ⅱ:U =866.50,424.00,958.00,292.00 and 448.00 ; AFP:U=713.00,440.50,1 182.00,614.00 and 399.00,P ＜0.001).The ROC-AUCs of the single PIVKA-Ⅱ or AFP assay and the combined detection in HCC group were not statistically different (P ＞ 0.05).The sensitivity of PIVKA-Ⅱ (87.16％) was higher than that of AFP (68.92％,x2 =4.73,P ＜ 0.05) in diagnosing HCC ; the sensitivity of the combined detection of PIVKA-Ⅱ and AFP(93.24％) was higher than that of PIVKA-Ⅱ itself (87.16％,adjusted x2 =64.70,P ＜ 0.01) ;while the specificities among them did not show statistical significance (P ＞ 0.05).Tested by Spearman rank correlation,the serum levels of PIVKA-Ⅱ and AFP were both positively related to tumor size (r =0.716,0.475 respectively,P ＜ 0.001).The serum levels of PIVKA-Ⅱ and AFP in HCC patients increased gradually correlated with tumor size (H =72.70,37.02 respectively,P ＜ 0.001) and the positive rates of PIVKA-Ⅱ and AFP were gradually improved (x2 =26.74,21.62 respectively,P ＜ 0.01),too.Based on the International TNM Staging System,the serum levels of PIVKA-Ⅱ and AFP (H =46.63,21.38 respectively,P ＜0.001) and the positive rates of PIVKA-Ⅱ and AFP (PIVKA-Ⅱ:x2 =20.40,P ＜0.01 ;AFP:x2 =8.33,P ＜0.05) in HCC patients from Ⅰ-Ⅳ stages were increased as TNM stages elevated.The serum levels of PIVKA-Ⅱ and AFP in HCC patients were both dropped sharply compared with preoperative levels (Z =-4.59,-4.22 respectively,P ＜ 0.001) and also both dropped in each of the Ⅰ-Ⅳ TNM stages (PIVKA-Ⅱ:Z =-2.85、-2.98、-2.70 respectively,P ＜ 0.05 ; AFP:Z =-2.48、-3.82、-2.50 respectively,P ＜ 0.05) compared with serum levels before treatment.Conclusion PIVKA-Ⅱ and AFP both have high clinical application values in diagnosing HCC and monitoring treatment effects.The sensitivity of PIVKA-Ⅱ in diagnosing HCC is significantly higher than AFP,and the sensitivity can be elevated by the combined detection in diagnosing HCC without reducing the specificity.

The evaluation of clinical value of antiphospholipid syndrome related autoantibodies / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective To evaluate the clinical application value of anti-β2 glycoprotein I ( anti-β2 GPI) and anti-cardiolipin antibodies ( ACA ) in the patients with antiphospholipid syndrome ( APS).Methods Serum levels of anti-β2GPI(IgG) and ACA(IgA, IgG, IgM) were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA ) in 53 patients with APS , 27 patients with SLE accompanied by APS , 55 patients with simple SLE , 46 patients with other autoimmune diseases and 40 healthy controls.The sensitivity and specificity of anti-β2 GPI and ACA for the diagnosis of APS and the correlation of serum anti-β2 GPI and ACA-IgG levels were analyzed.The cases were identified in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University during 2012.1 to 2014.2 and the data were analyzed with χ2 test, Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman correlation.Results The positive rates and serum levels of anti-β2 GPI, ACA-IgG/M, ACA-IgG, ACA-IgM were significantly higher in the APS group [77.4%(41/53), 81.1%(43/53), 56.6%(30/53), 52.8%(28/53);14.1 AU/ml, 19.6 U/ml, 17.9 U/ml] than those in the simple SLE group [16.4%(9/55), 32.7%(18/55), 20.0%(11/55), 18.2%(10/55); 4.9 AU/ml, 9.4 U/ml, 8.7 U/ml, χ2 =40.4, 25.7, 15.4, 14.2;U=255.0, 632.5, 476.5, P<0.01], other autoimmune diseases group[0%(0/46), 4.3%(2/46), 2.2%(1/46), 2.2%(1/46); 3.2 AU/ml, 2.6 U/ml, 3.4 U/ml, χ2 =60.7, 58.6, 33.9, 30.5;U=53.5, 87.0, 66.0, P<0.01] and healthy controls [0%(0/40), 2.5%(1/40), 0%(0/40), 2.5%(1/40);3.0 AU/ml, 3.5 U/ml, 2.9 U/ml, χ2 =55.3, 56.5, 33.4, 26.9;U=61.0, 124.0, 152.0, P <0.01 ] separately.The positive rate and serum level of ACA-IgA in the APS group [18.9%(10/53), 11.7 U/ml] were significantly higher than that in the other autoimmune disease group [2.2%(1/46), 2.9 U/ml,χ2 =6.9, U=581.0, P<0.01] and healthy controls[2.5%(1/40),2.1 U/ml,χ2 =4.4,U=764.0,P<0.05] separately.The specificity of anti-β2 GPI (83.6%) for APS diagnosis was significantly higher than that of ACA (67.3%, χ2 =4.0,P<0.05).Conclusions anti-β2 GPI, ACA-IgG and ACA-IgM, have higher clinical application value in the APS diagnosis and identification of SLE with or without APS than ACA-IgA.The specificity of anti-β2 GPI for APS diagnosis is higher than that of ACA.

The significance of pro-gastrin-releasing peptide for small cell lung cancer diagnosis / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of pro-gastrin-releasing peptide (ProGRP) for small cell lung cancer ( SCLC ).Methods Serum levels of ProGRP and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) were measured by both chemiluminescent immunoassay and electrochemiluminescent immunoassay in 46 patients with SCLC (26 patients with limited disease,20 patients with extensive disease ),51 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC),45 patients with benign pulmonary diseases and 56 healthy subjects.Patients were recruited by the Affiliated Hospital of Medical College,Qingdao University,from September 2010 to April 2011.The receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) was used to set the cutoff value of ProGRP and NSE and the areas under ROC ( ROC-AUC).The sensitivity and specificity of ProGRP and NSE were analyzed for diagnosing SCLC.Results Serum levels of ProGRP in healthy subjects,benign pulmonary diseases,NSCLC and SCLC groups were 22.9 ( 19.5 - 28.7 ),23.7 ( 20.0 - 27.8 ),28.9 (23.8-34.7) and 370.9( 129.4- 1951.6) ng/L respectively; the serum levels of NSE were 14.1 (12.5- 15.7),13.3(10.3- 15.3),16.8(11.7-22.1) and 39.9(16.1-93.9) μg/L,respectively.The Kruskal-Wallis H test showed significantly difference amoun groups of ProGRP and NSE (H =92.116 and 55.481,P ＜0.001 ).The serum levels of ProGRP in limited disease SCLC (LD-SCLC) group[ 156.2(65.4-547.5 ) ng/L]were also significantly higher than those in the healthy group,benign pulmonary diseases group and NSCLC group ( U =57,70 and 144,P ＜ 0.001 ).In extensive disease SCLC (ED-SCLC) group,the ProGRP and NSE results[ 1933.1 (325.9 -4512.1) ng/L and 61.0(35.4- 115.5 ) μg/L ]were higher than those in the LD-SCLC group ProGRP,NSE [ 24.3 ( 15.1 - 16.3 ) μg/L,U =119 and 153,P ＜ 0.05 ].Using healthy subjects group as control,the largest Youden index point of ROC was used to set the cut-off value of ProGRP and NSE (34.0 ng/L and 20.2 μg/L).The ROC-AUC of ProGRP (0.96 ) was statistically higher than that of NSE ( 0.86 ) in the SCLC group ( Z =2.57,P ＜0.05).The ROC-AUC results between combining detection of ProGRP and NSE (0.96 ) and ProGRP itself (0.96) were not significant difference ( Z =0.21,P ＞ 0.05 ).The sensitivity of ProGRP ( 89.1％ ) was statistically higher than that of NSE in the SCLC group (71.7％,x2 =4.90,P ＜0.05 ) ; the specificity of ProGRP (98.2％) compared with NSE did not have statistical significance (96.4％,x2 =0.00,P ＞0.05 ).The combining detection of ProGRP and NSE had no influence on the sensitivity and specificity compared with ProGRP itself (91.3％ vs 89.1％,94.6％ vs 98.2％,x2 were all 0.00,P ＞ 0.05 ).Using benign pulmonary diseases group as control,the largest Youden index point of ROC was used to set the cutoff value of ProGRP and NSE (49.5 ng/L and 23.1 μg/L).The ROC-AUC of ProGRP (0.95) was statistically higher than that of NSE (0.87) in the SCLC group (Z =1.99,P ＜0.05 ).The ROC-AUC of combining detection of ProGRP and NSE ( 0.95 ) and ProGRP itself ( 0.95 ) were not difference significantly ( Z =0.02,P ＞ 0.05 ).The sensitivity of ProGRP (84.8％ ) was statistically higher than that of NSE in the SCLC group (69.6％,x2 =4.00,P ＜0.05);the specificity of it (97.8％) was equal to that of NSE (97.8％,x2 =0.50,P ＞0.05 ).The combining detection of ProGRP and NSE had no obviously influence on the sensitivity and specificity compared with ProGRP itself ( 87.0％ vs 84.8％,95.6％ vs 97.8％,x2 were all 0.00,P ＞0.05 ).Using NSCLC group as control,the largest Youden index point of ROC was to set the cut-off value of ProGRP and NSE (49.1 ng/L and 23.0 μg/L).The ROC-AUC of ProGRP ( 0.90) was statistically higher than that of NSE (0.76) in the SCLC group (Z=2.90,P＜0.05).The ROC-AUC of combining detection of ProGRP and NSE (0.90 ) and ProGRP itself (0.90 ) were not difference significantly ( Z =0.00,P ＞ 0.05 ).The sensitivity of ProGRP ( 84.8％ ) was higher than that of NSE in the SCLC group ( 69.6％,x2 =4.00,P ＜ 0.05 ) ; the specificity of it ( 96.1％ ) was also higher than that of NSE (80.4％,x2 =6.13,P ＜ 0.05 ).The combining detection of ProGRP and NSE had no obviously influence on the sensitivity and specificity compared with ProGRP itself ( 87.0％ vs 84.8％,95.6％ vs 96.1％,x2 were all 0.00,P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusion ProGRP has a higher diagnostic value than NSE in SCLC.

Ovine Follistatin gene expression and functional analysis of follistatin domains / 生物工程学报

In order to study ovine follistatin function, we amplified the total of 1038 base pair of ovine complete follistatin cDNA and cloned into pGEM-T vector by RT-PCR from ovine ovary RNA. After removal of the signal peptide it was subcloned into the pET41a to construct the prokaryotic expression vector, named pFSsig-. SDS-PAGE and Western blotting identified the 66 kDa product of the expression of follistatin cDNA. Based on the complete CDS sequence, we cloned follistatin N-terminal domain and domain 1 with PCR and inserted into pLEX-MCS lentiviral vector, named pFS-N+D1. After package and passage of lentivirus in 293T cells, and then infected sheep primary muscle cells (SPMC). The expression of FS N+D1 in SPMC was assayed by Western blotting. The cell growth curve of the infected SPMC and noninfected control cells displayed that FS N+D1 stablly transfected SPMC proliferated significantly faster than the control cells (P < 0.01). Our data inferred that ovine FS N+D1 domain had the function to stimulate sheep muscle cell growth.

MEASUREMENT OF NASAL FIGURE BY MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING / 药物分析学报

Objective To get the basic data of nasal figure of the Han nationality individuals in Xi'an area and provide for junsprudence and the reconstruction of skull. Methods Nasal height, length, depth and breadth of 313cases in Xi'an area, which had different age and sex, were measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Results Image of MRI could clearly show the figure of nose and the position we selected were correct and accuracy. The specific data were: Nasal length (male:34. 47±4.29 ～52.20±3.47, female:33. 11±3.33～46. 94±3.83); Nasal height(male: 39.22±3.68～59.49±2.30, female: 33.89±3.95～51.75±3.68); Nasal depth(male: 11.89±1.76～16.68±2.48, female: 10.69±1. 81～16.46±2.04);Nasal breadth(male: 33. 09±3. 83～42. 49±2.72,female:32.00±1.94～38. 86±2.61). So the results were credible. Conclusion The nasal figure of individuals in Xi'an area is different as their different age and sex. It promotes that the influence factors of age and sex must be considered in the facial reconstruction and medico legally reconstructing skull.

APPLIED STUDY ON SINGLE LOCUS DNA PROBE FOR EARLY PREGNANCY PATERNITY TEST / 中国法医学杂志

30 chorinic villi in early pregnancy (8-10 weeks)and their parent blood samples were analysedusing the method of restriction fragment length polymorphisms with single locus DNA probes of PAC255 and PAC256. Based on the gene frequencies of these two loci in Chinese and the relativechance of obligatory gene in each triplet, the cumulative parternity index and cumulative relativechance of paternity were calculated. The range of the former is 56. 80- 8333. 50, and the later is 98.27 - 99. 99 %. According to the international standard of paternity test, in the 30 pedigrees, 20 cases(66. 7 % )were assured for their paternity. It is showed that the combination of PAC255 and PAC256single locus DNA probes for the paternity test of early pregnancy is very available.

STUDY ON DETECTION OF HUMAN CHORION ABO(H) BLOOD TYPE SUBSTANCE / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

This paper reports the elution test of adhering villus on a slide to detect the (?)uman chorion ABO(H)substance of the blood. A preliminary study of sample taking conditions and sample preservation was made for the experiment. The results show that the elution test needs less villi(2-4mg)and is easier to conduct, as compared with other methods. The method is of practical value in identifying the disputed (?)aternity in the early pregnancy. When kept properly in refrigeration, the smaple of chorion cart be kept as long as 3 months.

STUDY ON THE ENZYMATIC CHEMISTRY IN CANTHARIDIN POISONED RATS (Ⅱ)——THE CYTOCHEMISTRY OBSERVATION OF NADHD AND CCO / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Based on the histochemical observation ofnicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase(NADHD) and eytochrome oxidase (CCO) activi-ties of myocardium in cantharidine poisoned rats,furthermore, we observed the changes of these en-zymes of the myocardium cytochemically. The re-sult showed that, compared with control group, NADHD and CCO activities were inhibited afteradministration of cantharidin 1 or 2 h, and the in-hibition was found to be more obvious with poison-ing times prolonged, after 24 h, the cristae of mi-tochondria can not be distinguished, and the reac-tion products diffued into stroma to become a ho-mogeneous mass and lost their normal localization.It is indicated that cantharidin might destroy thestructure of mitochondria and interfere the activi-ties of NADHD and CCO of which both are locatedon mitochondria.

STUDY ON THE ENZYMATIC CHEMISTRY IN CANTHARIDIN POISONED RATS (I)——THE HISTOCHEMISTRY OBSERVATION OF NADHD AND CCO / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

In Cantharidin-poisoned rats, nicotinamide-adenine dinucletide dehydrogenase (NADHD) andcytochrome oxidase (CCO) activities of myocardi-um, stomach and intestine were observed in exper-iment histochemically. The result showed thatNADHD and CCO reaction granules were de-creased, stained weakly, and distributed sparselyin myocardium, stomach and intestine of intoxicat-ed rats as compared with the control group. Thus,from the experimental result it was considered thatcantharidin may inhibit the activities of NADHDand CCO in varving degrees.