Analyses prognostic factors relevant to sudden sensorineural hearing loss / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the prognostic factors relevant to sudden sensorineural hearing loss.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The internationally accepted standardized clinical research methods, unified design, and unified program were adopted to conduct the prospective clinical multi-center study. The sudden deafness patients between 18 to 65 years old, with the course of this disorder less than two weeks, and without any medical treatments were collected, and then, divided into four types according to the hearing curve: type A, acute sensorineural hearing loss in low tone frequencies; type B, acute sensorineural hearing loss in high tone frequencies; type C, acute sensorineural hearing loss in all frequencies; and type D, total deafness. The factors, in terms of age, gender, type of initial audiogram, time delay before the first visit, and severity of hearing loss, were included in the analyses.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 1 024 cases with single side sudden deafness were collected in the study from 33 hospitals in China from August 2007 to October 2011, inclusive of for 492 males (48.05%) and 532 females (51.95%). The average age was (41.2 ± 12.8) years old. There were 553 cases (54.00%) in left ear, and 471 cases (46.00%) in right ear. The curative effects of different types were shown as follows: the type in low tone frequencies had the highest rate of 90.73%, the type in all frequencies was 82.59%; the type of total deafness was 70.29%; and the type in high tone frequencies had the lowest rate of 65.96%. It had significant difference of the effective rate between different types (χ(2) = 231.58, P = 0.000). Age, time delay before first visit, and severity of initial hearing loss were significantly correlated with hearing improvement.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Initial audiogram of SSNHL might predict hearing recovery. The young in age and a short time delay before starting treatment are positive prognostic factors for hearing recovery in SSNHL. The initial severity of hearing loss is negative prognostic factor of hearing recovery.</p>

Clinical analysis of 26 patients with relapsing polychondritis / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To discuss the clinical characteristics and early diagnosis and treatment of relapsing polychondritis(RP).@*METHOD@#Twenty-six RP patients received the therapies of antibiotics, glucocorticosteroid, immunosuppressive agent,tracheotomy, tracheal sent implantation or non-invasive ventilation.@*RESULT@#Twenty-six cases (88.5%) had auricle involvement, 20 cases (76.9%) had respiratory tract involvement, 18 cases (69.2%) had joints involvement, 10 cases (38.5%) had nose involvement, 6 cases (23.1%) had eyes involvement, 4 cases (15.4%) had cochlea and (or) vestibular involvement. Some patients with cardiac, vascular, kidney damage as well. One case died of severe pulmonary infection. One case died of respiratory failure. The symptoms of other 24 cases were stable or improved in different degrees.@*CONCLUSION@#The clinical manifestations are diverse in RP patients, mainly in department of Otolaryngology, the prognoses of patients with airway involvement are worse, and it may improve the curative effect by an early diagnosis and a timely treatment.

Effect of H-uvulopalatopharyngoplasty on endothelium dependent flow-mediated dilation in patients with moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#This study evaluates the effects of H-uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (H-UPPP) on endothelial function by endothelium dependent flow-mediated dilation(FMD) in patients with moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAHS).@*METHOD@#Forty-five healthy subjects and 49 patients with moderately to severe OSAHS who desired H-UPPP were prospectively enrolled. FMD was measured by high-resolution B-mode ultrasonography. All subjects participated in sleep studies. These studies were repeated 6 months after H-UPPP in patients with moderately to severe OSAHS.@*RESULT@#There was significant difference in FMD between patients with moderately to severe OSAHS and healthy subjects at baseline (6.5 +/- 2.1)% vs (11.2 +/- 3.1)% (P < 0.01). FMD increased from (6.5 +/- 2.1)% to (9.7 +/- 2.7)% 6 months after H-UPPP in patients with moderately to severe OSAHS (P < 0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#FMD is decreased in patients with moderately to severe OSAHS, H-UPPP treatment of these patients leads to improvement of FMD.

The effects of the plastic operation on upper respiratory tract at one-stage for patients with OSAHS through the assessment of 3-D reconstruction of CT images / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#The method of three-dimensional reconstruction of CT images is adopted to evaluate the effects of the plastic operation on upper respiratory tract at one-stage (stage one) for patients with multi-level obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome.@*METHOD@#Polysomnography is used to diagnose patients with OSAHS. The obstruction parts of patients with OSAHS are determined by CT and endoscopy examinations in the upper air way. To reconstruct the tri-dimensional cavity of upper respiratory tract from data, the CT examinations on the sinuses and nasopharynx are rescanned to obtain the CT data after surgery. The changed situations before and after surgery are compared, and the narrow parts of the upper respiratory tract can be identified and measured intuitively.@*RESULT@#Symptoms and PSG test results show that the effects of the surgical results are very good. and the cross sections of upper respiratory tract narrow parts were enlarged by more than 100%. Hydromechanical evidence approved the same results.@*CONCLUSION@#Calculating the increment of the cross sections of the upper respiratory tract through tri-dimensional reconstruction can not only find the preoperative stenosis, but also assess the surgical effects objectively. Since the body of endoscope has a certain volume, surface anesthesia is needed to enter the nasal cavity and nasopharyngeal which will impact the objectivity of the assessment of the upper respiratory tract stenosis.

The observation on curative effect of 90 cases of sudden hearing loss / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the efficiency between two treatments of sudden hearing loss.@*METHOD@#All patients were divided into two groups randomly, basic drug group was treated with ganglioside and vinpocetine injection, combined therapy group was treated with intratympanic dexamethasone and what was used in basic drug group.@*RESULT@#The effective rate of combined therapy group (73.53%) was significantly higher than that of basic drug group (37.78%) (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The comprehensive therapy of intratympanic dexamethasone injection, ganglioside and vinpocetine injection have excellent efficiency for sudden hearing loss.

Computerized three-dimensional reconstruction of cochlear microstructures / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore an useful and practical method for three-dimensional reconstruction of cochlear microstructure.@*METHOD@#A digital image dataset of magnified forty times of human cochlear tissue can be get from the serial sections of transverse cedukol images of male cadavers temporal bone. Photoshop 6.0 and Amira 3.0 software were used to deal with the digital image dataset, such as image-connecting and image inner-location and three-dimensional reconstruction of cochlear and scala media.@*RESULT@#The result of three-dimensional reconstruction of the cedukol images represents the anatomy of human cochlear and scala media transparently and objectively.@*CONCLUSION@#The three-dimensional reconstruction technique used in the study is practical for three-dimensional of inner ear microstructure.

Effects of sodium valproate on proliferation and apoptosis of Hep-2 cells and associated mechanism / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of sodium valproate (VPA) on proliferation and apoptosis of human laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 cells and its associated mechanism.@*METHOD@#Methabenzthiazuron (MTT) was used to observe the proliferation of human laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 cells treated with various concentrations of VPA at different times. Flow cytometry(FCM) and RT-PCR were used to measure the apoptosis rate and the expression of Survivin mRNA in the Hep-2 cells treated with VPA at 3 mmol/L for different times.@*RESULT@#VPA inhibited growth of Hep-2 cells in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner (P < 0.01). The apoptosis rate increased after the treatment by VPA at 3 mmol/L. There were significant differences between different time groups (P < 0.01). The expression of Survivin mRNA of Hep-2 cells were decreased in a time dependent manner (3 mmol/L) (P < 0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#VPA have obvious growth inhibition and induction of apoptosis on human laryngeal cancer Hep-2 cells, its mechanism is related to decrease the expression of Survivin.

Quantitative interpretation of dexamethasone pharmacokinetics in human inner ear perilymph using computer simulations / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the dexamethasone pharmacokinetics of human inner ear perilymph under different drug administration using computer simulations.@*METHOD@#The dexamethasone pharmacokinetics in guinea pigs inner ear perilymph under an intratympanic application with high-performance liquid chromatography. Dexamethasone pharmacokinetics in the guinea pigs cochlear fluid were simulated with a computer model, the Washington University Cochlear Fluids Simulator, version 1.6 and the best Simulations parameters to the experimental data could be obtain. With best Simulations parameters based on the experimental data, seven kinds application protocols were designed for human inner ear perilymph.@*RESULT@#After an intratympanic application dose of 0.5% dexamethasone 150 ml in guinea pigs, the T(1/2K) was (2.918 +/- 0.089) h, and Cmax was (231.25 +/- 6.89) microg/L. The best Simulations parameters were that concentration of the dexamethasone 21-Phosphate disodium salt was 0.5% and the formula weight was 516, as well as drug diffusion coefficient was 0.6939 x 10(-5) cm2/s and round window permeability was 2.2 x 10(-11) cm/s while drug clearance half time was 175 minutes and scala tympaniscala vestibuli communication was 45 minutes. After an intratympanic application dose of 0.5% dexamethasone 500 mL, which the applied drug stayed in contact with the round window membrane for 15, 30, 60 and 120 minutes, the Cmax was 32.8, 64.3, 122.6 and 203.3 microg/L and the AUC was 116.5, 229.1, 423.6 and 759.2 microg/(h x L), respectively. After an intratympanic application dose of 0.5%, 1%, 2% and 4% dexamethasone 500 ml, which the applied drug stayed in contact with the round window membrane for 30 minutes respectively, the Cmax was 64.3, 127.3, 255.4 and 575.6 microg/L respectively and the AUC was 229.1, 462.8, 920.59 and 1525.2 microg/(h x L), respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#The dexamethasone pharmacokinetics in human inner ear perilymph by computer simulations was reported. As the time contact with the round window membrane increased, the inner ear perilymph concentration of dexamethasone increased. As the concentration of dexamethasone increased, the inner ear perilymph concentration of drug increased.

Clinical pathology and anatomy features of parapharyngeal region neoplasms: a report of 69 cases / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the relationship between clinical pathology and anatomy features of primary neoplasms in the parapharyngeal regions.@*METHOD@#A total of 69 cases of primary neoplasms in the parapharyngeal regions were included. Fifty-eight cases were benign, and 11 cases were malignancy.@*RESULT@#Disorders of swallowing, breath or speaking were the common symptoms of neoplasms located in parapharyngeal regions. The majority of neoplasms located in parapharyngeal regions were benign. CT and MRI provides useful information about tumor size, shape and extent. The relationship of the tumor and vessel could be shown with selective angiography.@*CONCLUSION@#Primary parapharyngeal regions neoplasms are rare in head and neck tumors. Surgery is the main treatment for parapharyngeal regions tumors. The operation type was decided by the location and the pathological type of the neoplasm.

Clinical analysis on six cases of nonfunctioning parathyroid cysts / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the clinical and pathological characteristics of nonfunctioning parathyroid cysts.@*METHOD@#Six cases of nonfunctioning parathyroid cysts who were hospitalized during 1997-2007 were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical features, serum calcium, B-ultrasonic, CT and nuclide scanning were performed. Postoperative pathologic and immunohistochemistry detection in nonfunctioning parathyroid cysts were made.@*RESULT@#Tumors in the 6 cases were underwent surgical ablation and diagnosis was verified by pathology. CgA (chromogranin A), Syn (synaptophysin), NSE (and neuron specific enolase) expressions were positive. Follow-up six months and five years after operation, there is no recurrence.@*CONCLUSION@#Surgical resection is most effective in treating nonfunctioning parathyroid cysts and diagnosis is made by pathologic examination.

Molecular genetic analysis of SLC26A4 2168A > G mutations in sensorineural hearing loss with unknown reason in Henan province / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To survey the etiology of sensorineural hearing loss with unknown reason and the incidence of the mutation of SLC26A4 2168A > G in Henan province.@*METHOD@#The evaluation of hearing loss, etiologic survey, the molecular genetic analysis and temporal bone CT examination for genes common to hereditary hearing disorders were performed in 95 hearing-impaired patients in Henan province.@*RESULT@#In the deafness group, the incidence of large vestibular aqueduct syndrome (LVAS) which correlates with SLC26A4 2168A > G is 6.32%. The incidence of the gene diagnosis conformed to the clinical one is 83.3%.@*CONCLUSION@#There is a high incidence of SLC26A4 2168 A > G mutation in sensorineural hearing loss with unknown reason. Molecular genetic screening for these mutations and genetic counseling are effective methods to prevent the occurrence of hereditary hearing loss.

Detection of ADAR1 mRNA expression in larynx carcinoma tissues / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the expressions of RNA-dependent adenosine deaminase 1(ADAR1) mRNA in larynx carcinoma tissues, and to discuss its value in the development of larynx carcinoma.@*METHOD@#The expression of ADAR1 mRNA in 51 larynx carcinoma and peri-carcinoma tissues were detected by semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).@*RESULT@#ADAR1 mRNA was expressed broadly; the relative intensities of its expression in larynx carcinoma, larynx peri-carcinoma samples and larynx non-carcinoma tissue samples were respectively 2.963 +/- 0.912, 0.791 +/- 0.197 and 0.910 +/- 0.311. There were remarkable difference between larynx carcinoma and larynx peri-carcinoma, larynx carcinoma and non-carcinoma tissues.@*CONCLUSION@#ADAR1 mRNA is expressed broadly in larynx carcinoma and may be play an important role in the development of larynx carcinoma.

Resection tumor of the anterior skull base region with extend external frontal sinus approach / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study a better surgical approach for the resection of tumor in the anterior skull base and the fronto-orbito-ethmoidal region.@*METHOD@#Extend external frontal sinus approach was made in the lesion side. The incision can be extended outward to the nasal side or superciliary arch according to the tumors extent and size so as to get a full exposure of tumors of anterior skull base, fronto-orbito-ethmoidal region, or exterior margin of arcola.@*RESULT@#From January 1998 to December 2003, 28 patients suffered tumors of anterior skull base and fronto orbito-ethmoidal region were received tumors resection through this approach. Postoperatively, no death or recurrence have occurred up to now in 8 cases of benign tumors, and the one-year survival rate was 95% (19/20), the three-year survival rate was 61.5% (8/13), and the five-year survival rate was 57.1% (4/7) in 20 cases of malignant tumors.@*CONCLUSION@#This approach provide good exposure. Bleeding is little, operation field is clear, operating is easy re-establish skull base is convenience, surgical trauma is small, and reaction is mild when using decohesion tumors and block blood supply in skull base method. We believe this approach is a better method for resection of tumors in anterior skull base and the fronto-orbito-ethmoidal region.

Isolation, culture and identification of adipose-derived stem cells in guinea pigs / 中国组织工程研究

AIM: To isolate and culture the adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) from guinea pig so as to create bases for the experimental study on treating sensorineural deafness by ADSCs transplantation. METHODS: The experiment was carried out between December 2005 and March 2006 in the Open and Key Laboratory of Clinical Medicine at Henan Universities. The inguinal fat pads were excised from adult male guinea pig weighing 500-750 g. A great quantity of adhesive and natant blood cells were observed under inserted microscope and phosphate buffer was used to wash natant cells repeatedly. Then the cells were cultured in DMEM with 10% fetal bovine serum. Before passage, the cells were washed by a small quantity of phosphate buffer and then cultured in 0.25% trypsin and 0.02% EDTA (2 mL). Then most of the ADSCs presented cytoplasm recovery and round shape, followed by digestion of 2 mL DMEM with feral bovine serum. Cellular suspension was collected to count the cells that were incubated at the density of 2?104/cm2. The morphology of ADSCs was observed constantly. Growth curve of ADSCs at passages 1, 3, 10 were recorded and detected by MTT. Surface markers of ADSCs were detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS: ①The result of primary culture showed that ADSCs at day 2 began to adhesion and more than 90 % of ADSCs at day 7 were approximately fusiform or fibroblast-shaped.②MTT detection showed that ADSCs had the capability to proliferate successively, especially at passage 1, 2, 3. But ADSCs at passage 10 presented decreasing proliferation. After digestion, the cells at passages 1, 3, 10 experienced the latent period (24-48 hours), logarithmic phase (3-5 days) and growth platform phase.③CD105 and CD44 were positive by flow cytometry, whereas CD34 was negative. CONCLUSION: Due to stable growth and rapid proliferation, the ADSCs from guinea pig can be used as the donor cells in the treatment of sensorineural deafness by stem cell transplantation.

Biocompatibility of hippocampal neural stem cells with collagen and gelatin sponge / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: The selection of carrier plays an essential role in the research of applying tissue-engineering to fix the peripheral nerves. An ideal carrier would be one that is similar to extracellular matrix and that it has biocompatibility with in vivo cells.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the biocompatibility of hippocampal neural stem cells with collagen and gelatin sponge in vitro and to probe into the feasibility of using the materials as biomaterial scaffold in peripheral nerve tissue engineering.DESIGN: A randomized and controlled trial.SETTING: Department of Otorhinolaryngology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Department of Anatomy of the School of Basic Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University.MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out from July to December 2005 at the Laboratory of Neurobiology of the Department of Anatomy of the School College of Basic Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University.Twelve New born (＜ 24 hours) clean grade guinea pigs of either gender with a body mass of 50-70 g, were provided by the Experimental Animals Center of Zhengzhou University School of Medicine.METHODS: The new born (＜ 24 hours) guinea pigs were anesthetized intraperitoneally with 10 g/L chloral hydrate and sterilized in 0.75 volume fraction of alcohol. Hippocampal tissue was resected from the brain under a surgical microscope. Hippocampus neural stem cells were cultured in vitro. The cultured cells of two generations were suspended at a density of 1 ×1010L-1 and respectively combined with collagen and gelatin sponge.The number of cells was counted and histological changes were observed under an inverted phase microscope and scanning electron microscope after 7 days, and the adhesion rate of the two materials to the cells were measured.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①Growth of the neural stem cells and their adhesion to the collagen and gelatin sponge were observed and the total number of the cells and adhesion rate with carrier were measured. ②The morphological changes of differentiation cells by immunocytochemical staining.RESULTS: ①Hippocampus neural stem cells could grew on the collagen and gelatin sponge and attached to them gradually. The adsorption rate of collagen was higher than thai of gelatin sponge (37.17 % and 14.87 %,x2=4.819,P ＜ 0.05). ② There was no significant difference in the total number of the cells in the control group, collagen group and gelatin sponge group [(53.17±3.5)×104,(53.25±2.6)×104, (52.04±4.05)×104,F=0.233,P ＞ 0.05].CONCLUSION: Two biomaterials (collagen and glutin sponge), especially collagen, have good biocompatibility with hippocampus neural stem cells from the guinea pigs and can be used safely as scaffold materials in peripheral nerve tissue engineering.

Isolation, culture, identification and labeling of neural stem cells from newborn guinea pigs / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Transplantation of neural stem cells into inner ear brings hope for treatment of sensorineural deafness, while guinea pig is the preferred animal in developing animal models of aminoglycosides poisoning-induced deafness. Successful animal models have been established after study for several scores of years. How to isolate neural stem cells and label them from hippocampi of guinea pigs is one of the problems to be solved in transplantation of stem cells into inner ear.OBJECTIVE: To isolate and culture neural stem cells from hippocampi of newborn guinea pigs so as to lay basis for transplantation of neural stem cell in the treatment of sensorineural deafness.DESIGN: Single sample observation SETTING: Staff Room of Microbiology and Immunology, Zhengzhou University MATERIALS: This experiment was carried out at the Staff Room of Microbiology and Immunology, Zhengzhou University from March to June 2005. Newbornguinea pigs born within 24 hours of either gender, weighing 50 to 80 g, provided by Experimental Animal Center of Zhengzhou University were used in this experiment.METHODS: Neural stem cells from the hippocampal tissue of newborn guinea pigs were isolated and cultured by serum-free medium containing basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF).Expression of nidogen was detected with immunocytochemical staining.Neural stem cells were labeled by DAPI.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① In vitro growth of neural stem cells; ② neural stem cells nidogen expression was identified by immunofluorescent staining; ③ labeled stem cells by fluorescence and detected the labeling rate.RESULTS: ①Clone-like cluster of neural stem cells were obtained from hippocampal tissue ② Neural stem cells could express nidogen. ③Labeling rate of DAPI was 93.4% and no attenuation of fluorescence brightness as observed after 8 generations in culture.CONCLUSION: The cells obtained from hippocampal tissues of newborn guinea pigs can be used as donor cells in the treatment of neurosensory deafness by transplanting neural stem cells, for their obvious proliferation ability and high-labeled efficiency with fluorescent dye.

Effect of blocking chloride channel on the proliferation and apoptosis of Hep-2 cell line / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE To study the effect of blocking chloride channel on the proliferation and apoptosis of Hep-2 cell line.METHODS Hep-2 cell line was used as a target,The effect of chloride channel blocker(NPPB)on the proliferation of Hep-2 cell line was evaluated by MTT assay.Flow cytometry was performed to measure the apoptosis index of selected Hep-2 cell clones.RESULTS Inhibition of the proliferation of Hep-2 cells depended on the dose of chloride channel blocker(NPPB).The apoptosis index of Hep-2 cells was remarkably different before and after its chloride channel was blocked. CONCLUSION Normal expression and function of chloride channel is essential for the maintenance of proper cell growth.Our results suggest that blocking the chloride channel could inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of Hep-2 cell line.

Relationship between potassium channel and ADAR1 in Hep-2 cell line / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE To study the relationship between potassium channel and ADAR1 in Hep-2 cell line. METHODS The potassium current was recorded by the whole-cell recording technique of perforated membrane clamp. Using semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) , the expressions of ADAR1 mRNA in the Hep-2cell line were detected. RESULTS The similar membrane current was observed when cells were held at -40 mV and test potentials ranged from -80 mV to +80 mV. The current exhibited properties of voltage-dependent, outward rectification. It exhibited complete activation after alatency of 25ms and no or little inactivation over the 800ms voltage pulse. It could be blocked by potassium channel blockers TEA. The relative intensities of ADAR1 mRNA of t he Hep-2 cell line were different before and after its potassium channel was blocked. CONCLUSION Delayed rectifier potassium channel exist in human laryngeal carcinoma cell line Hep-2.The potassium channel is voltage-dependent. There is a correlation between the potassium channel and ADAR1 mRNA in Hep-2 cell line.

Neuronal stem cells in facial nerve tissue engineering / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of applying neuronal stem cells to bridging a 10mm long facial nerve defect in rabbits using a tissue engineered artificial nerve. METHODS Thirty-six Japanese white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups of 12. Group A: chitosan guidance channels with collagen protein sponge were filled with neuronal stem cells and NGF; Group B: chitosan guidance channels with collagen protein sponge were filled with NGF; Group C: autograft nerve. A series of examinations were performed, including electrophsiological methods, histological staining of nerve, Brdu and S100 immunohistochemical staining, at 12 weeks after operation. RESULTS At 12 weeks after operation, all examination results from Group A were better than from Group B(P0.05). CONCLUSION Neuronal stem cells can be used as seeding cells in peripheral nerve tissue engineering for repairing 10mm facial nerve defects.

Inhibitory effect of sodium butyrate on human laryngeal carcinoma xenograft model in nude mice / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To study the inhibitory effect and its mechanism of sodium butyrate on human laryngeal carcinoma in nude mice. Methods Human laryngeal carcinoma cell line Hep-2 was seeded in the subcutaneous layer of 12 nude mice to built laryngeal carcinoma xenograft model. Then they were randomly and equally divided into 2 groups. Sodium butyrate was given in experimental group while phosphatic-buffered saline (PBS) was used in control group for 4 weeks. Tumor size and body weight of the mice were measured at regular time-intervals. The tumor,heart,liver,lungs,spleen and kidneys were removed at the end of treatment. Tumor sections were examined by electronic microscopy. TUNEL method and immunohistochemical S-P method were used for detecting the expression of Ki-67 nuclear antigen and survivin protein. The heart,liver,lung,spleen and kidney sections were examined after HE staining for assessment of toxicity. Results In experimental group,the volume of tumors was reduced,the area of necrosis in tumors was widened,the apoptotic rate was increased obviously and the expression level of Ki-67 nuclear antigen and survivin protein was decreased as compared with control group. During treatment,all the nude mice grew well and there were no toxic reactions. At the end of treatment,there were no abnormal changes in heart,liver,lung,spleen and kidney sections examined under light microscope. Conclusion Sodium butyrate can significantly inhibit the growth of human laryngeal carcinoma xenograft in nude mice. Its mechanism may be related to the apoptosis in tumor cells by inhibiting the expression of survivin protein and Ki-67 nuclear antigen. There is no toxicity to heart,liver,lungs,spleen and kidneys at a treatment dose of sodium butyrate.