Risk factors of restenosis after dilation of anastomotic stenosis in patients with esophageal cancer surgery / 中华全科医师杂志

Objective:To investigate the risk factors of restenosis after dilation of anastomotic stenosis in patients with esophageal cancer surgery.Methods:Clinical data of 997 patients who underwent endoscopic dilation due to anastomotic stenosis after esophageal cancer radical surgery in the Affiliated Huai′an First Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from June 2015 to July 2021, were retrospectively analyzed. There were 486 cases receiving single dilation (single dilation group) and 511 cases receiving more than two dilations (multiple dilation group). The risk factors of restenosis were explored using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results:There were 682 males and 315 females with a median age of 65 years, the median distance between the stenosis and incisor was 20 (20, 22) cm, the median stenosis diameter was 4 (3, 5) mm, and the median stenosis diameter after dilation was 11 (11, 13) mm. Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in the distance of the stenosis and incisor ( Z=-2.303, P<0.05), stenosis diameter ( Z=-4.637, P<0.05) and stenosis diameter after dilation ( Z=-5.773, P<0.05) between single and multiple dilation groups. Stratified multivariate logistic regression showed that for male patients, risk of multiple dilations dropped by approximately 3% for every 1-mm increase in the distance between the stenosis and incisor ( OR=0.97, 95% CI:0.93-1.00, P=0.047); the risk of multiple dilations decreased by about 15%, for every 1-mm increase in stenosis diameter ( OR=0.85, 95% CI:0.76-0.94, P=0.004); the risk of multiple dilations decreased by about 13% for every 1-mm increase in stenosis diameter after dilation ( OR=0.87, 95% CI:0.78-0.96, P=0.007). For females patients under 60 years old, the risk of multiple dilations decreased by about 31%, for every 1-mm increase in stenosis diameter after dilation ( OR=0.69, 95% CI:0.47-0.98, P=0.049); for female patients≥60 years old, the risk decreased by about 5%, for every 1-year increase in age ( OR=0.95, 95% CI:0.91-1.00, P=0.037), risk of multiple dilations dropped by 17%( OR=0.83, 95% CI:0.70-0.99, P=0.039) for every 1 mm increase in stenosis diameter after dilation. Stratified smooth curve fitting indicated that the distance between the stenosis and incisor≤23 mm, stenosis diameter≤4.5 mm, stenosis diameter after dilation≤12 mm were risk factors for multiple dilations. Conclusions:The study indicates that patients with the distance between the stenosis and incisor≤23 mm, stenosis diameter≤4.5 mm, stenosis diameter after dilation≤12 mm may need multiple dilations; and the first dilation should expand the stenosis diameter to 12 mm or above as far as possible to reduce the risk of restenosis in patients receiving esophageal cancer radical surgery.

Research progress in nanomedicine for targeted therapy of ischemic stroke / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

In case of ischemic stroke(IS),thrombus in the vascular system can cause ischemia and hypoxia in brain tissue,produce inflammatory cytokines and cause brain tissue damage,while reactive oxygen species during ischemia-reperfusion cause stress injury.Conventional drug administra-tion is limited by the selective permeability of the blood-brain barrier and the low bioavailability of the drug itself,and its therapeutic effect against IS is unsatisfactory.Nanomedicine is expected to bring hope in that it has a unique mechanism of action and can cross the blood-brain barrier to reach the periphery of the infarct,release drugs or therapeutic genes,and exert a therapeutic effect.Nanomedi-cine inhibits platelet aggregation,enhances the efficacy of thrombolytic drugs,dissolves thrombus,increases blood supply to ischemic areas,eliminates reactive oxygen species and weakens injury response by fighting inflammatory cytokines.Loaded therapeutic genes regulate the differentiation pro-cess of neural stem cells,increase the number of neurons,induce the occurrence of blood vessels,and enhance the repair function of brain tissue.Nanomedicines can not only improve pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics to achieve more effective drug treatment,but also use nanoimaging technology to achieve real-time monitoring and condition assessment of therapy.

Advances in fecal microbiota transplantation for treatment of Parkinson's disease / 生物工程学报

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease in middle-aged and elderly people. Patients with PD often suffer from gastrointestinal symptoms in the early stage of the disease. Several studies have confirmed that gut microbiota is involved in the progress of PD. As one of the most effective ways to reconstruct the gut microbiota, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has shown potential therapeutic effects on PD. This review summarizes the basic and clinical studies of FMT in the treatment of PD.

Effects of timosaponin B-II on differentiation of rat neural stem cells into tyrosine hydroxylase posi-tive neurons in vitro / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To explore the effect of timosaponin B-II ( TB-II) on the differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) into tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) positive neurons in neonatal rats. Methods The biological functions of self-proliferation and multi-differentiation of NSCs were identified by primary culture, cell proliferation counting,morphological observation and immunology. NSCs of SD rats were cultured in vitro and treated with different concentrations of TB-II (10 μg/ml,30 μg/ml ,100 μg/ml) for 7 days. Immuno-histochemistry was used to detect the effect of TB-II on the differentiation of NSCs into TH-positive neurons, and Western blot was used to detect the expression of TH protein in neurons. Results ( 1) The cultured cells had the ability to self-proliferation,expressed nestin protein and differentiated into neurons and glial cells. So the cultured cells were conformed to the biological function of neural stem cells. (2)Compared with the control group,the TH positive cell ratio of TB-II 30 μg/ml group and TB-II 100 μg/ml group increased ((10. 03± 1. 36)%),( 20. 01± 3. 37)%),(31. 32± 3. 98)%) ,the difference was significant ( t=6. 15, 16. 54,both P<0. 05). There was no significant difference between TB-II 10 μg/ml group and control group (P>0. 05). (3)Western results showed that the relative expression of TH protein in TB-II 30 g/ml group and TB-II 100 μg/ml group was higher than that in control group,the difference was statistically significant (con-trol group: (1. 02±0. 24),TB-II 30μg/ml group: (3. 64±1. 78),TB-II 100 μg/ml group: (5. 88±2. 34);t=12. 58,9. 15,both P<0. 05). There was no significant difference between TB-II 10 μg/ml group and con-trol group (P>0. 05). Conclusion TB-II can promote the differentiation of NSCs into TH-positive neurons.

Factors associated with set-up errors in intensity-modulated radiotherapy after breast conserving surgery / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective To evaluate the difference of set-up errors between thermoplastic mask and breast bracket in patients receiving intensity-modulated radiotherapy after breast conserving surgery,and the impact of clinical factors associated with set-up errors.Methods A total of 34 patients treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy after breast conserving surgery from January 2016 to June 2018 were reviewed.Eighteen patients were fixed with thermoplastic mask,and sixteen were with breast bracket.Weekly CBCT scan records were used to analyze set-up errors,and group systematic and random errors were computed.The influence of clinical factors on set-up errors was also analyzed.Results The immobilization technique with thermoplastic mask showed great superior in comparison with breast bracket;however,only in the Ty(translation) and Ry(rotation),the differences had significance.Based on group systematic and random errors,PTV margins in Tx,Ty and Tzwere 2.65,4.36 and 2.87 mm in thermoplastic mask group,as well as 5.71,6.07 and 4.20 mm in breast bracket group,respectively.Multi-factor regression analysis showed that BMI was independent factors affecting set-up errors.Conclusions Compared with breast bracket,the immobilization technique with thermoplastic mask has the potential of reducing set-up errors and PTV margins in patients receiving intensity-modulated radiotherapy after breast conserving surgery,especially in patients with high BMI.

Effect of docosapentenoic acid on the neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the inductive action of docosapentenoic acid(DPA) on neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells in vitro.MethodsNeurite outgrowth in PC12 cells was examined after the treatment with different concentration of DPA using Motic Zamges Plus software mapping cell image system.Western blot was performed to detect the expression of β Ⅲ-tubulin regulated protein kinase,a neuronal marker as well as ERK and protein kinase B (Akt) phosphorylation.ResultsPC12 cell neurite formation rate was increased in a concentration dependent manner in the induction of DPA,increased by 2.4% (DPA 10 μg/ml,P>0.05),18.6% (DPA 30 μg/ml,P<0.05) and 25.0% (DPA 50 μg/ml,P<0.05) compared with that in the control group.DPA promoted the expression of β Ⅲ-tubulin (P<0.05) and the phosphorylation level of ERK and Akt (P<0.05,P<0.01).ConclusionDPA promotes PC12 cell neurites growth and its mechanism may be related to the activation of ERK and Akt signaling pathways.

Expression and identification of human EpCAM eukaryotic recombinant plasmid / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To construct human EpCAM eukaryotic recombinant plasmid ,and to study the expression of EpCAM pro‐tein in HepG2 cells .Methods The recombinant plasmid ,named pcDNA3 .1(+ )‐EpCAMwas constructed by cloning EpCAM gene into eukaryotic vector pcDNA3 .1(+ ) .Then HepG2 cells were transfected with EpCAMrecombinant plasmid .The eukaryotic ex‐pression of EpCAM protein was verified by immunofluorescence ,Western Blotting and flow cytometry .Results The construction of EpCAM recombinant eukaryotic plasmid was identified by restriction enzyme digestion .The results of immunofluorescence , Western Blotting ,and flow cytometry consistently indicated that EpCAM protein were successfully expressed in HepG2 cells .Con‐clusion Human EpCAM eukaryotic vector is constructed and EpCAM protein could be expressed well in HepG2 cells ,which laid a foundation for further research on the function ofhepatocarcinoma cells highly expressing EpCAM .

Analysis on morbidity and mortality of viral hepatitis in China, 2004-2013 / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To understand the incidence and death patterns of viral hepatitis in China and provide evidence for the prevention and control of viral hepatitis.Methods The analysis was conducted on the incidence and death data of viral hepatitis published by National Health and Family Planning Commission during 2004-2013.Results The incidences of viral hepatitis in Guizhou,Yunnan,Tibet,Gansu,Qinghai,Ningxia and Xinjiang provinces (autonomous region) were high.The major forms were hepatitis B (80.63/100 000) and hepatitis C (9.68/100 000),accounting for 80.90％ and 9.25％ of the total reported viral hepatitis cases respectively.The incidences of hepatitis A and unidentified hepatitis decreased and the incidence of hepatitis B,C and E increased during this period.During the 10 years,10 008 deaths caused by viral hepatitis were reported (1 001 deaths per year).The reported deaths caused by hepatitis A,hepatitis E and unidentified hepatitis decreased during this period.The reported deaths caused by hepatitis B were in a downward trend,but the constituent in total cases remained high.The reported deaths caused by hepatitis C were in an upward trend.Conclusion During 2004-2013,the overall incidence of viral hepatitis showed no downward trend in China.The incidence of hepatitis B remained high,and the incidence of hepatitis C showed an obvious upward trend.The overall death rate and case fatality rate of viral hepatitis showed a downward trend,but hepatitis B remained the main cause of viral hepatitis related death,and the death caused by hepatitis C was in increase.Hepatitis B and hepatitis C are the major targets in the prevention and treatment of viral hepatitis in China,and the 7 western provinces (autonomous region) with high incidences are the key regions of the prevention and control.

Roles of epithelial cell adhesion molecule in diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma / 临床肝胆病杂志

Epithelial cellular adhesion molecule (EpCAM)is a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed in epithelial tissues and most epitheli-al-derived malignant tumors.EpCAMis associated with cell adhesion,migration,proliferation,and differentiation,as well as tumor devel-opment and progression.In recent years,EpCAMhas been identified as a stem cell marker of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).This paper elucidates the roles of EpCAMin the diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis of HCC,which shed light on the potential molecular targeted thera-py in future.