RESUMEN
This study examines the relationship of subsidy of dairy products on intake of milk and milk by products. In this contest we also examined the protective effects of milk against fatal diseases, the per day cost of intake for dairy products and determine current consumption level of milk in different age groups
STUDY PERIOD and DESIGN: The study was conducted during January to April 2013 at district Hyderabad Sindh Pakistan. The sampling subject was youth age group 16-25 years and sample size was 200. In this questionnaire base study primary and secondary data was collected
RESULT: The results were concluded through Z test and categorical analysis. It is found out that, due to high price about 70% youth is unable to consume milk and other dairy byproducts
Therefore, they come across with numerous health issues such as low capacity of work, eye sight problem, low body weight and height, having difficulty to take part in competitions like marathon, body building, and athletics. Also, it is concluded that about 40% subsidies on milk price may raised to 80% consumption level in youth
RESUMEN
Hyperhomocysteinemia [hhcy] has been considered as a risk factor for several obstetrical complications such as early pregnancy loss, pre-eclampsia and IUGR. Recently is association with infertility has been underscored in IVF failure; however limited information is available about the relationship of hhcy and subfertility. To find out the association between unexplained subfertility and hhcy in Pakistani women. This observational study was conducted in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecolocy, Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad from 1[st] April 2008 to 31[st] March 2009. Study group consisted of all those women who were subfertile for more then one year, have body mass index less than 25, regular menstrual cycle, normal pelvic examination findings and no past history of pelvic inflammatory disease. Exclusion criteria was male factor subfertility, endocrine and ovulatory dysfunction and tubal blockage. Evaluation was done by semen analysis, pelvic ultrasound scan, hysterosalpingography and hormonal assays. Fasting serum levels of homocysteine were determined using a fluorescence polarization immunoassay. In total, 61 subjects were enrolled in the study including 49 subfertile women and 12 healthy women. Among subfertile women, 39 [80%] were suffering from primary subfertility while 10 [20%] were complaining of secondary subfertility. Majority of the subjects were young, house wives and residents of Hyderabad city. Mean serum fasting homocysteine levels were significantly higher in women suffering from unexplained subfertility as compared to controls [12.8 +/- 5.1 versus 9.7 +/- 1.7, p-value=0.04]. Hyperhomocysteinemia was observed in women suffering from unexplained subfertility. However large scale clinical studies are required to confirm the association