Seropositivity of Chlamydia trachomatis & Toxoplasma gondii among male partners of infertile couples in Odisha, India: A facility based exploratory study

Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is the most common curable sexually transmitted non-viral infection, which can cause urethritis, prostatitis, orchitis and epididymitis among males. Toxoplasma gondii, a protozoan causes toxoplasmosis among humans. These infections may lead to decreased fertility. Hence, this study was aimed to estimate the seropositivity of CT and T. gondii infection among the male partners of infertile couples in Odisha, India. In this facility-based cross-sectional study, first void urine, seminal fluid and blood sample were collected from 153 males attending infertility clinics including 74 healthy controls. Urine and seminal fluid were tested through polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect immunoglobulin (Ig) G, IgA and IgM anti-Chlamydia and IgM anti-Toxoplasma antibodies through serum. The prevalence of CT was 1.26 per cent (95% CI: 0.03-6.85) as estimated from semen samples using PCR. We detected anti-Chlamydia antibodies IgM-four per cent [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.83-11.24]; IgA-28.16 per cent (95% CI: 18.13-40.09) and IgG-12.5 per cent (95% CI: 5.87-22.4) among participants. Anti-Toxoplasma antibodies IgM were observed in 27.63 per cent (95% CI: 17.98-39.08) of participants. None of the control samples were found positive. Overall seropositivity of CT and Toxoplasma infections is comparable, which suggests that greater attention is required for screening these infections at clinics, especially among infertile couples.

Vaginal progesterone after tocolytic therapy in threatened preterm labour

Background: Currently preterm labour is one of the most challenging problem faced by both obstetricians and perinatologists, this episode in the course of woman’s pregnancy takes a heavy tool for perinatal mortality which accounts for approximately 50-75%. The incidence of preterm labour is estimated to be 5-10% of all pregnancies.Methods: It was a prospective randomize control trail over a period of 3 year at department of obstetrics and gynecology, tertiary care hospital Pune, Maharashtra, India. Total 100 subjects were randomized into two groups with group one receiving vaginal micronized progesterone and group two control group receiving only tocolytics and steroids. Subsequently authors compared the safety and efficacy of vaginal micronized progesterone versus placebo as a maintenance therapy in preventing preterm labour.Results: This analysis showed that women who randomized to progesterone prophylaxis had a significantly increase in duration of pregnancy. The mean of birthweight in Group A and Group B was 2963±36 gm and 2567±49 gm and respectively which confirmed the positive effects of progesterone on increasing infants’ weights at birth.Conclusions: Authors concluded that progesterone therapy had acceptable efficacy in the prevention of preterm labor in terms of prolongation of delivery and by increasing gestational age at delivery.

Sebaceous lymphadenoma of the parotid gland.

Sebaceous lymphadenoma is a rare benign salivary gland tumor of uncertain histogenesis. We report such a case in a 37-year-old female presenting with a parotid swelling. Recognition of key histological features will readily allow differentiation of this neoplasm from its benign and malignant mimics. The prognosis is excellent following excision.

FNAC diagnosis of yolk sac tumor: a case report.

Yolk sac tumor is the second most common germ cell tumor of the ovary. A nine year old female child presenting with a lower abdominal mass diagnosed as a yolk sac tumor on fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is described. Ultrasonographically (USG) guided FNAC of the lesion revealed tight clusters and papillary fronds of cells associated with homogeneous acellular eosinophilic bodies. A preoperative diagnosis of this tumor is helpful in planning further diagnostic and therapeutic steps.

Cytodiagnosis of granular cell tumor: a case report.

A young male aged 28 years presented with a subcutaneous nodule in the left arm. Fine needle aspiration diagnosis was benign granular cell tumor which was confirmed by histopathology. Since it is an uncommon tumor, of controversial histogenesis, it is being reported here.

Endovascular papillary angioendothelioma in an elderly female.

Endovascular papillary angioendothelioma (EPA) is a rare vascular tumor of low grade malignancy, encountered primarily in children. However some cases have also been reported in adults. A sixty year old female with EPA is described here. She presented with a swelling in the neck. Total surgical excision was performed. Histomorphology revealed anastomosing lymphatic channels showing intraluminal papillary fronds with hyaline vascular cores and hobnailing of endothelial cells. A diagnosis of EPA was made based on this picture. This tumor is recurrent and nodal metastasis has been reported in some cases.

Clear cell mesothelioma of the testis with deciduoid areas--a case report.

We report a clear cell type of primary purely epithelial malignant mesothelioma with focal deciduoid features in the para-testis of a 75 year old man. This variant requires ancillary studies like immunohistochemistry for confirmation. Awareness of this variant is required to avoid misdiagnosis and treatment as either metastasis from a renal cell carcinoma or as a germ cell tumor. A diagnosis of mesothelioma must be ruled out in elderly patients with epithelial-looking tumor especially if the serum germ cell tumor markers are within normal range.