Solubility enhancementofcefixime trihydrate by solid dispersions using hydrotropic solubilization technique and their characterization

Abstract The aqueous solubility of cefixime trihydrate (a water insoluble drug) using different hydrotropic agents was determined and solid dispersions of cefixime trihydrate were prepared by hydrotropic solubilization technique. The drugs content were determined. The aqueous solubility of v was increased many fold in presence of sodium acetate trihydrate as hydrotropic agent. This hydrotropic agent was used to prepare solid dispersion of cefixime trihydrate. Cefixime trihydrate and sodium acetate trihydrate were accurately weighed and taken in a 200 mL beaker. Distilled water 10-15 mL was taken to dissolve hydrotropic agent using heat (48-50 °C). The drug was then added to it and magnetically stirred till whole mass get viscous. The solid dispersions of cefixime trihydrate were characterized by XRD, DSC and IR studies. DSC thermogram, XRD and Infra-Red spectra were studied. Solid dispersions, thus prepared, showed faster release of the drug as compared to pure drug and physical mixture.

A rare case of blood stream infection due to Candida ciferii in an immuno-compromised patient

Invasive infections related to yeast are increasingly observed in immune-compromised patients in hospitals.Fungal infections have increased morbidity and mortality and prolonged hospital stay which can lead to rise in medical care costs. Non-albicans Candida species have been increasingly found as causative agents in human infections with important therapeutic implications. We present a case of a 37-year-old, female patient, known case of B cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia admitted in a tertiary care hospital in central India for supportive care and chemotherapy. Patient was responding well to chemotherapy. On post induction day 20, she complained of high-grade fever with abdominal pain.Two sets of blood culture were sent to Microbiology Diagnostic Laboratory for diagnosis. She was started on Injection Magnex Forte (Cefoperazone-Sulbactum) empirically.The Gram stain of positive blood culture showed Gram positive budding yeast like cells in all four bottles.The organism was identified as C. ciferrii on Vitek 2 with 95% identification.Antibiotic susceptibility testing showed sensitive to Amphotericin B MIC ?0.25 and voriconazole MIC ?0.12. It was resistant to fluconazole MIC ?64 ?g/ml.

I32E and V36K double mutation in ß2-sheet abrogates amyloid ß peptide toxicity.

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly, wherein, the accumulation of amyloid ß(Aß) peptide as cytotoxic oligomers leads to neuropathologic changes. Transgenic mice with brain Aß plaques immunizedwith aggregated Aß have reduced amyloid burden and improved cognitive functions. However, such active immunization inhumans led to a small but significant occurrence of meningoencephalitis in 6% AD volunteers due to Aß induced toxicity. Inan attempt to develop safer alternative vaccines, the design of a highly soluble peptide homologous to Aß (Aß-EK), that hasa reduced amyloidogenic potential while maintaining the major immunogenic epitopes of Aß is reported. More importantly,this homologue has been shown to be non-toxic, as this peptide failed to exert any observable effect on erythrocytes. Theresults of the present study suggests that immunization with non-toxic Aß derivative may offer a safer therapeutic approachto AD, instead of using toxic Aß fibrils.