RESUMEN
Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a growing public health problem affecting millions of people worldwide. Along with its well-known systemic effects, CKD has been associated with various ocular abnormalities, including uveitis, macular edema, and retinal vascular changes. Early detection and management of these ocular complications can prevent significant visual loss and improve the quality of life of patients with CKD. This highlights the importance of regular ophthalmic examinations as part of the comprehensive management of CKD. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ocular status of chronic kidney disease. Material & Methods: This was an observational study. The present study was conducted on 150 Patients attending the Department of Ophthalmology at Dr. Sirajul Islam Medical College and Hospital Ltd, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The duration of the study was 2 years. All collected data was entered in MS Excel and Statistical analysis was done using the SPSS-24 version. Results: The study analyzed a population between the ages of 40-59 years, with a slight majority of women (52.67%) and moderate CKD (64.00%). The most common cause of CKD in the population was hypertension and diabetes (52.00%). 66.67% of 300 eyes had good vision (6/18 or better), while the remainder had impaired or legally blind vision (increasing as the severity of CKD increases). Ocular anterior segment findings showed that lid oedema and conjunctival pallor were present in 3.5% and 56.9% of the eyes, respectively. Dry eyes and cataract were present in 5.6% and 11.1% of the eyes, respectively. Hypertensive retinopathy was present in 48.00% of eyes in the moderate CKD group, and diabetic retinopathy was present in 32.00% of eyes in the severe and end-stage CKD groups. Maculopathy and vitreous hemorrhage were present in 12.67% and 6.33% of eyes in the end-stage CKD group. Of the 100 eyes with poor or blind visual acuity, 24 (24%) were affected by Maculopathy and 21 (21%) by Cystoid Macular Edema. The causes of visual impairment were also listed with their corresponding percentage. Conclusion: In CRF patients, eye exams can detect ocular problems. Early treatment prevents negative outcomes and those with a history of abnormal renal function need close monitoring due to increased risk of vision loss. Awareness of ocular complications is important, as well as thorough eye exams and control of diabetes and hypertension for maintaining eye health.
RESUMEN
To evaluate the pre- and post-procedure serum calcium, serum albumin, coagulation parameter along with hematological parameters at every procedure. Methods: Pre-procedure and post-procedure renal functions, coagulation parameter along with hematological parameters at every procedure will also record. Procedure details will be recorded on specifically designed preforms. The statistical analysis will be carried out using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.0 for Windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinois, USA). Qualitative variables have been expressed as percentage. Quantitative variables are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Results: The present study demonstrated that Hemoglobin (gm/dl), S. Calcium (mg/dl), serum albumin (gm/dl), platelet count (Pt. sec), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and INR status before and after TPE and IvIg were almost parallel. Shrivastava et al. (2015) study showed good acceptance of TPE was in 80.3% patients. At the time of discharge 75.7% patients showed clinical improvement in their muscle strength and 99.0% patients scored higher grades of functional outcomes. Conclusion: Early diagnosis, intervention by TPE in the first week after the onset, at a center where facilities are available in conjunction with good ICU management and supportive care are important measures to reduce the period of the hospitalization, complications, disabilities, morbidity and mortality in patients with GBS and thereby improving the quality of life and is the key for successful outcomes in resource constraint countries.