Phlebotominae: vectores de leishmaniasis en las provincias de Santa Fe y Entre Ríos, Argentina / Phlebotominae: vectors of leishmaniasis in the provinces of Santa Fe and Entre Ríos, Argentina

La transmisión de leishmaniasis tegumentaria (LT) se incrementó desde 1985 en 9 provincias argentinas. Santa Fe y Entre Ríos en dicho período no notificaron casos de transmisión autóctona comprobada, sin embargo en el año 2003 ocurrió un brote epidémico en Bella Vista, Corrientes, localidad que se encuentra en un área con continuidad ecológica y contigüidad geográfica con ambas provincias. Por ello, para determinar el riesgo potencial de transmisión de LT en las áreas próximas y al sur de Bella Vista se realizaron capturas de Phlebotominae en febrero del 2004, colectándose sobre las márgenes del río Paraná en Santa Fe (El Rabón, Villa Ocampo, Cayastá) y en Entre Ríos (La Paz, La Celina-Villa Urquiza) 860 ejemplares de Lutzomyia neivai (99.5%) y Lu. migonei (0.5 %), ambas especies con capacidad vectorial para Leishmania (V.) braziliensis. En Tartagal, Santa Fe, las capturas fueron consistentes con el paisaje de «chaco¼ residual: 7 ejemplares de Lu. nerivai, Lu. migonei y Lu. cortelezzii. Se destaca el riesgo potencial de transmisión epidémica de LT en estas provincias, especialmente por la tropicalización progresiva hacia el sur de la selva en galleria paranaense. Se recomiendan actividades de vigilancia clínica y vectorial.

The transmission of tegumentary leishmaniasis (TL) has increased in 9 provinces of Argentina since 1985. Santa Fe and Entre Ríos did not record in this period autochtonous probed cases: however, an epidemic outbreak took place in 2003 in Bella Vista, Corrientes, located in an area with ecological continuity and contiguous to both provinces. In order to evaluate the potential risk of transmission of LT, Phlebotominae were captured at locations close to and southern from Bella Vista during February 2004. The traps located on the shores of Parana river in Santa Fe (El Rabón, Villa Ocampo, Cayastá), and Entre Ríos (La Paz. La Celina-Villa Urquiza) captured 860 individuals of Lutzomyia neivai (99.5%) and Lu. migonei (0.5 %), both species with vectorial capacity for Leishmania (V.) braziliensis. In Tartagal, Santa Fe, the captures were consistent with the residual «chaco¼ landscape, 7 individuals of Lu. nerivai, Lu. migonei and Lu. cortelezzii. The risk of LT epidemic transmission in these provinces is highlighted, mainly due to the progressive southern tropicalization of the paranaense gallery forest. Clinical and entomological surveillance is recommended.

Brote de infección por Enterococcus faecium resistentes a glicopéptidos en un hospital de Rosario, Argentina / Infection outbreak due to resistant Enterococcus faecium to glycopeptides in a Hospital of Rosario, Argentina

Enterococci causes serious illness in immunocompromised patients and in severely ill, hospitalized patients. They are commonly isolated from the human gastrointestinal tract, and resistance to vancomycin has increased in frequency during the past few years. We report three cases of nosocomial vancomycin resistant Entrococcus faecium (VRE) infections from September to December of 2000. A 54-year-old man presented post surgical wound infection due to VRE after 2 months of hospitalization. The second is a 65-year-old neutropenic patient with a medical history of acute myeloid leukemia and esophageal carcinoma. In this case, central venous catheter was colonized with EVR. The third, a 65-year-old woman who received therapy with ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin and clindamicin had a urinary tract infection due to EVR. The three isolates were resistant to vancomycin (MIC value > 256 micrograms/ml). The DNA amplification pattern obtained by OD-PCR were similar in the three cases.