Decreased serum levels of insulin - like growth factor - 1 [I G F - 1] and insulin - like growth factor binding protein - 3 [I G F B P - 3] in children with underscended testes

This study was carried out on 65 boys with undescended testes [22 bilateral and 43 unilateral] in comparison with 20 apparently healthy normal controls of a matched age. All of them were subjected to hormonal estimation follicle stimulating hormone [FSH], LH, growth hormone [GH], testosterone in addition to IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 and sonographic evaluation for an accurate localization of testes. The serum levels of FSH, LH and GH were determined using solid phase, two- site chemiluminescent enzyme immunometric assay. Total testosterone was measured by the electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Free testosterone and IGFBP-3 were measured by radioimmunoassay technique, while IGF-1 was measured by active non-extraction ELISA technique

Insulin resistance and atherogenic lipid disorders in children and adolescents with obesity

To study insulin resistance and atherogenic lipid disorders in obese children and adolescents, 35 obese subjects [more than 120% of ideal weight for height; had been investigated [20 males and 15 females] with their ages ranged from 6.5 to 14 years [11.1 +/- 2.2] along with 11 non -obese subjects of matched age and sex. All subjects were evaluated clinically with thorough anthropometric measurements. Basal blood samples after overnight fast were taken for determination of insulin [Radio immano - assay], blood glucose, cholesterol low density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-c], high density liporotein cholesterol [HDL-c], triglycerides [TG]. Apo-a and Apo-b. Oral glucose tolerance test [OGTT] was done with insulin determination at 0, 60 and 120 minute of OGTT. Insulin resistance index [IRI] and atheromatous index were calculated. Our results revealed: [1] Basal insulin levels, summation of insulin values during OCTT and IRI demonstrated a significantly higher values in obese compared to non-obese. [2] IRI showed positive correlation with weight% to ideal [i.e. degree of obesity], however, obesity for more than 2 years demonstrated non-significant difference compared to obesity for less than 2 years as regard IRI. [3] Lipgram in. studied obese group demortstrated significant higher values of TG and Apo-a compared to non-obese. A significant positive correlation was found between levels of TG and Apo-a and weight% to ideal Obesity for more than 2 years demonstrated a significantly higher cholesterol, LDL-c values and atheromatous index compared to obese subjects for less than 2 years and controls. [4] There was no significant correlation between insulin resistance measures and 1Liprogram. [5] Weight% to ideal showed better correlation with blood pressure, basal insulin, IRTG, to and Apo-a compared to body mass index [BMI] and waist / hip ratio. In conclusion obesity is associated with insulin resistance which is affected by the degree of obesity but not its duration. Abnormal lipid profile found in obese is affected by both the degree and the duration of obesity. Weight% to ideal is the best measure for obesity