RESUMEN
Electric pulp tester is a valuable instrument to examine tooth's pulp vitality. There is no agreement about the response of immature teeth to electric pulp tester and the reason is expressed as the failure of nerve fibers' development. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of patient's age on the tooth response to electric pulp tester. In this cross-sectional study, 300 maxillary central permanent teeth in 150 volunteers were examined by using electric pulp tester. The volunteers were classified in 5 age groups of 7-8, 9-10, 11-12, 13-4, and 30-35; and teeth lacking sound and healthy pulp were excluded. Data were analyzed using SPSS-16 software, one-way analysis of variance, and Tukey post hoc test. The average response to electric pulp tester in age groups of 7-8, 9-10, 11-12, 13-4, and 30-35 years old were 2.9 +/- 0.1, 2.8 +/- 0.1, 2.3 +/- 0.1, 2.2 +/- 0.1 and 1.8 +/- 0.1 Respectively. This indicated that by increasing teeth age, they responded to lower level of electric pulp tester. In subjects less than 14 years old, there was no significant difference between neighboring groups [P=0.3]; however, a significant difference was observed between subjects less than 14 years old and adults [P<0.001]. This study showed that immature teeth responded at higher levels to electric test; however, all teeth responded to electric pulp tester
RESUMEN
Phytotherapy has been achieved to maintain glycemic control in patients with diabetes mellitus. The present study was conducted to evaluate the antihyperglycemic properties of the Juglans regia leaf extract in streptozotocinnicotinamide induced diabetic rats. Nicotinamide was injected intraperitonealy [i.p.] 15 min before the injection of Streptozotocin [i.p.]. One week after induction of diabetes, oral treatment started with extract of Juglans regia and Metformin and continued for 4 weeks. Fasting blood sugar, body weight, serum lipids and insulin level were measured in different groups. A significant reduction of glucose, HbA1c, total cholesterol and serum triglycerides were detected after 4 weeks in rats treated with Juglans regia leaves compared to the control groups. Thus, Juglans regia extract treatment showed potential hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects in type 2 diabetic rats