RESUMEN
Objective: to evaluate the effect of intravitreal Bevacizumab injection on visual acuity in diffuse diabetic macular edema
Material and Methods: 25 eyes of 25 diabetic patients were treated with 1.5 mg/0.1 ml of lntravitreal bevacizumab injection as the primary therapy for diffuse diabetic macular oedema. This prospective study was conducted in Eye Unit I, SIMS/Services Hospital, and Lahore over 6 months from November 2008 to April 2009. 17 patients were male and 08 were female, age ranged between 35 to 52 years. All patients were completely evaluated in outpatient department of Eye Unit I. Every patient underwent complete ophthalmological evaluation including history, record of visual acuity and IOP; slit lamp bi-microscopic examination, fundi assessment with 78 lens and indirect ophthalrposcope. Fundus fluorescein angiogram was done to exclude macular ischemia and optical. Coherence tomography was done to evaluate the macular oedema. lntravitreal Avastin 1.5 mg/ 0.1 ml injection was given to these patients under complete aseptic techniques in operation theater after explaining the advantages arid disadvantages of the intravitreal injection to the patients
Results: visual Acuity increased in 25 eyes during follow up time of six month; the mean best corrected log MAR value of visual acuities of the patients before intravitreal bevacizumab injection was 0.275 and it improved to 0.642 after intravitreal Bevacizumab injection. Diffuse macular oedema remarkably settled in these eyes. lntravitreal injection of Avastin was repeated in 10 patients; only one patient developed acute endophthalmitis which was treated with Intravitreal antibiotic and pars plan a vitrectomy with lensectomy
Conclusion: intravitreal bevacizumab injection provides significant improvement in visual acuity of diabetic patients and clinical course of diffuse macular oedema
RESUMEN
Background: Formalin is the most widely used tissue fixative. However, it renders tissue unfit for immunohistochemistry by masking most of the commonly useful antigens. Other organ preservation solutions should be tried. To assess the ability of tissue preservation in Ringer lactate, Euro Collins solution [EC solution] and University of Wisconsin solution [UW solution], with and without antimicrobial agents. Experimental study on rabbit renal tissue. Main. outcome measures: Histological examination of the sections to assess preservation by a semi quantitative method. UW solution was found to be the best preservation solution.. EC solution was second, followed by Ringer lactate. The addition of anti microbial agents improved the preservation in the latter two solutions markedly. Ringer lactate with addition of anti microbial agents was found to be a cost effective alternative. Immunohistochemistry should be tried on tissues submitted in Ringer lactate with anti microbial agents