Intraoral extension of nasopharyngeal angiofibroma: a case report

Nasopharyngeal angiofibroma must be considered in the differential diagnosis of swellings in the cheek, especially in the adolescent male patients having nasal obstruction with or without epistaxis. The foregoing case describes a rare cause of facial swelling. Emphasizing the need to eliminate an underlying intraoral extension of nasopharyngeal angiofibroma and the need for a careful preoperative evaluation when dealing with patients who have facial swellings, particularly in the substance of the cheek. Further, the age and sex incidence combined with historical evidence and radiographic findings should preclude hazardous biopsy of the tumour

White lesions of the oral mucosa: 1

A knowledge of oral pathology and routine examination of the mouth provide important clues to the patients general condition and more important, in early diagnosis of and successful therapy for serious oral lesions such as cancers and precancers. A change in color of the normally reddish oral mucosa to white constitutes one of the most frequently encountered oral abnormalities. Since some of the malignant and premalignant lesions of the oral cavity appear white, failure to recognize and identify the cause of this alteration can be a serious omission. Because mouth is a readily accessible site for observation, biopsy and follow up and because some of the white lesions are malignant or may undergo malignant transformation and because oral cancer is a major public health problem in this part of the world it was considered worth while to give an overall review of the literature on the identification, differential diagnosis and characterization of these lesions from clinical and histological view point. It is hoped that the review will provide a perspective of the problem for those clinicians who are less intensely involved with the oral cavity than the dental profession and will assist those pathologists who may have no specialized knowledge of this topic

Oral leukoplakia

Leukoplakia is a clinical term meaning a white patch. Different conditions which exhibit as white plaque or patch in the oral cavity were previously grouped under the general designation of leukoplakia. Recently the members of this heterogenous group have been characterized and delineated so that other white lesions, such as lichen planus, candidiasis, and others are no longer referred to as leukoplakia. In this paper the term leukoplakia is used to denote a white patch or plaque that can not be attributed clinically or histologically to any other diagnosable disease leukoplakia has long been regarded as a precancerous condition. On clinical grounds it is difficult or almost impossible to determine its potentially malignant character and therefore biopsy examination is important in determining the prognosis of the disease. Histological evidence of dyskeratosis is an indication of the precancerous nature of the lesion where as simple hyperplasia may or may not become malignant. The whiteness is due to the thickening of the following histological changes; hyperplasia, hyperkeratosis parakeratosis and dyskeratosis together with inflammatory cells infiltration and occasional dysplasia etiologically, some of these lesions are due to tobacco and they may regress if smoking or other tobacco habits are discontinued. Other factors such as trauma and irritation from badly fitting dentures or broken tooth, pan [betel], poor oral hygiene malnutrition microbial infection, immunological and hormonal factors have been found to predispose to the development of leukoplakia