[Perceived social support from family and friends and early maladaptive schemas among female and male delinquent and non-delinquent adolescents]

Adolescence, period of transition from childhood to adulthood, is time with changes in social, psychological, behavioral, and physical situations. These changes combined with the cultural, social and family backgrounds' adolescents, can lead to social problems such as social deviations [delinquency].This study aims to compare the components of perceived social support and early maladaptive schemas in adolescents [male and female] delinquent and non-delinquent. This research was based on comparative and causal method. In this research, 100 delinquent adolescents [80 male and 20 female] using convenience sampling method and 100 non-delinquent adolescents [80 male and 20 female] using Cluster sampling method were selected. They completed the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support [MSPSS] questionnaires and Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form [YSQ-SF]. Data analysis was performed via descriptive statistics [Mean and SD.] and analytic methods such as independent T-test. Delinquent adolescents had higher mean of early maladaptive schemas and instead had lower level of social support. In addition, delinquent boys had higher early maladaptive schemas mean compared to non-delinquent boys and they had different levels of social support. There was a significant difference in perceived social support between delinquent and non-delinquent girls. Also, there was a significant difference between early maladaptive schemas of delinquent and non-delinquent girls. The findings showed the importance of providing background for strengthening of social support. Identification of early maladaptive schemas as patterns of emotional and cognitive damage in adolescence can be useful to provide appropriate psychological services to improve the quality of life and increased health-related behaviors of delinquent individual

Effect of stress management model in quality of life in Breast Cancer women

Background: Breast cancer associates with severs severe distress and stress. Since Because of that, the stress management program can train necessary skills to cope with stress; therefore, the current study investigates the effectiveness of stress management on enhancement of quality of life

Objectives: The aim of the current study is to examine the effectiveness of stress management model in quality of life for breast cancer patients

Patients and Methods: This research is a quasi-experimental study with pre and post-tests. The 21 subjects were selected from cancer institute of Imam Khomeini in Tehran in 2014. The participants were allocated to two matched groups based on their pre-test scores. They were assigned randomly to the control and experimental groups. Stress management was conducted with the experimental group during 10 sessions. Then the questionnaire was administered at post-test. Statistical analysis was conducted by using the independent t-test and analysis of variance. The research instrument was the core quality of life questionnaire QLQ-C30

Results: The results of the independent t-test showed that there is a significant difference between the pretest and post-test scores in the experimental group [P < 0.05]. Also, there is no significant difference between means of quality of life subscales and socio demographic of the patients such as; age, education and disease stage [P < 0.05]

Conclusions: The results indicate that stress management can change the irrational and distortion thoughts. So, it enhances the quality of life in breast cancer patients

Depression in patients with chronic hepatitis B: an experience on individual solution- focused therapy

Hepatitis B, as a chronic disorder that may be associated with several psychiatric disorders, such as depression, and decrease quality of life of affected patients. One of the most important consequences of psychiatric problems is reduced patient compliance with prolonged therapeutic regimens. Psychotherapy, such as solution-focused therapy, may help these patients to resolve psychiatric problems, increase quality of life and completion of therapeutic regimens. Solution-focused therapy is effective for patients when developing effective coping responses to the stressors associated with chronic diseases. In this study, the process and effects of solution-focused therapy on depression of 2 patients with chronic hepatitis B have been described. They received solution focused therapy for 5 sessions, each session 1 hour once a week. This technique was helpful to decrease symptoms and signs of depression within 5 weeks