RESUMEN
Objective@#Cryptorchidism is one of the main causes of infertility and can result in testicular cancer. This study aimed to present quantitative data on the damage caused by cryptorchidism using stereological analysis. @*Methods@#Thirty newborn rats were randomly divided into control and experimental groups. The experimental group underwent surgery to induce unilateral cryptorchidism in the left testis, whereas the control group underwent a sham surgical procedure 18 days after birth. The testes were removed at designated time points (40, 63, and 90 days after birth) for stereological evaluation and sperm analysis. Total testicular volume, interstitial tissue volume, seminiferous tubule volume and length, and seminiferous epithelium volume and surface area were measured. Other parameters, such as sperm count, sperm morphology, and sperm tail length, were also examined. @*Results@#Statistically significant differences (p<0.05) were observed between the experimental and the control groups at different ages regarding the volumes of various parameters, including the surface area of the germinal layer, the length of the seminiferous tubules, sperm count, and sperm morphology. However, no significant differences were observed in the epithelial volume and the sperm tail length of the groups. @*Conclusion@#Given the substantial effect of cryptorchidism on different testicular parameters, as well as the irreversible damage it causes in the testes, it is important to take this abnormality seriously to prevent these consequences.
RESUMEN
Distraction osteogenesis [DO] is a surgical procedure used to generate large volumes of new bone for limb lengthening. In this animal experimental study, a 30% lengthening of the left tibia [mean distraction distance: 60.8 mm] was performed in ten adult male dogs by callus distraction after osteotomy and application of an Ilizarov fixator. Distraction was started on postoperative day seven with a distraction rate of 0.5 mm twice per day and carried out at a rate of 1.5 mm per day until the end of the study. Autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells [BM-MSCs] and platelet-rich plasma [PRP] as the treatment group [n=5] or PRP alone [control group, n=5] were injected into the distracted callus at the middle and end of the distraction period. At the end of the consolidation period, the dogs were sacrificed after which computerized tomography [CT] and histomorphometric evaluations were performed. Radiographic evaluationsrevealed that the amount and quality of callus formations were significantly higher in the treatment group [P<0.05]. As measured by CT scan, the healing parametersin dogs of the treatment group were significantly greater [P<0.05]. New bone formation in the treatment group was significantly higher [P<0.05]. The present study showed that the transplantation of BM-MSCs positively affects early bony consolidation in DO. The use of MSCs might allow a shortened period of consolidation and therefore permit earlier device removal