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Background: Due to the characteristics of the low CRP and WBC count in acute pyelonephritis, Procalcitonin [PCT] measurement can be a useful and practical option in acute pyelonephritis. According to different results in the investigation of the diagnostic value of PCT; the aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of PCT in differentiation of the lower urinary tract infection from acute pyelonephritis
Methods: All patients with a diagnosis of urinary tract infection in Imam Reza and Sina hospitals were enrolled in this study. Positive urine culture was considered as a urinary tract infection. If urinary tract infection with a pathogen colony more than 105 or more than 104 colonies is marked in person, it was considered as a urinary tract infection. In all patients, leukocyte count, ESR, CRP, and serum PCT was measured. In all patients with febrile urinary tract infection, radioisotope scan was performed. If a parenchymal defect was found in scan, they were considered as acute pyelonephritis. And also, patients without fever and normal radioisotope scan were considered as urinary tract infection. The end prolactin levels were compared according to final diagnosis
Results: In this study, 100 patients were studied: 47 patients with acute pyelonephritis, 53 cases with cystitis. Mean age of patients in acute pyelonephritis and cystitis did not differed significantly; but its P value was 0.106, which was significantly higher than the cut-off point. Gender also had no significant differences between two groups [P-value=0.948]. The mean of Procalcitonin was 6.34%; with the range of 2% - 38%
Conclusion: No statistically significant differences were found between both groups. But the mean of WBC was higher in acute pyelonephritis than cystitis. ESR levels between bath groups were significantly different and it was significantly higher in patients with acute pyelonephritis. The mean of Procalcitonin in the two groups had no significant difference
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Background and Objectives: Spleen largest lymphoid organ in the body and its role is blood filtering, strengthen the immune system, storage and hematopoiesis. Trauma, congenital pathologic is the indications of splenectomy. The aim of this study was evaluation 10 years splenectomy indications in Children's Hospital of Tabriz
Material and Methods: In a retrospective and descriptive study that performed on the children who underwent splenectomy in Tabriz Children's Hospital, the indications of splenectomy in these children evaluated
Results: 34 of studied children were boys and 35 of studied children were girls. Mean age of boy children was 99.20 +/- 42.77 months and the mean age of girl children was 125.42 +/- 35.24 [P=0.007]. Major beta-talassemia in 23 cases was the most common indication for splenectomy in studied children. Spleen size in 22 children was normal and in 47 children spleen size was great. Platelet drop in two cases, port vein thrombosis in 3 cases, heard failure in two cases, sepsis, recurrent meningitis, sepsis and CVA in one of the studied children were postoperative complications in children underwent for splenectomy. Only seven cases of studied children had died after surgery that two cases of mortality causes was heart failure due to talassemia. In our study, trauma in 3 cases [4.34%] of the studied children was the splenectomy indications that one of these children had died
Conclusion: Major beta-talassemia, hereditary spherocitosis and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura were the most common causes of spelenctomy in the studied children and in our study, 5 of children with talassemia were died that 2 causes was heart failure due to talassemia, 2 cases due to port vein thrombosis and one case due to CVA. Postoperative complication rate was 23.18% and risk of infection and sepsis in our study was 3.07% and also the mortality rate in our study was 10.1%
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Background and Objectives: Neuroblastoma is the most common malignant tumor in infancy and childhood after the CNS malignancies. Diseases originated and spread of the neural crest cells that differentiated adrenal and sympathetic nerve network. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and stages disease in patients of Tabriz Children's Teaching Hospital
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, 80 children under 14 years since March 2003 to March 2008 [6 years] with a diagnosis of neuroblastoma that have been hospitalized in Tabriz Children Hospital were investigated. Information were extracted from the hospitals records
Results: Of the 80 investigated patients, 33 cases were male and 47 were female. The mean patient age was 37.80 +/- 31.86 month. Out of 80 patients, stage II in 9 patients [% 11.2], stage III in 19 cases [23.8%] and stage IV was seen in 52 patients [65%]. The primary source of neuroblastoma in 26 cases [32.5%] was from the right adrenal and in 31 cases [38.8%] was the left adrenal, in 3 cases [3.8%] was from the mediastinum, in 3 cases [3.8%] from liver, in 3 cases [3.8%] was from hip and in 14 cases [17.5%] was from the paravertebral. Paraneoplastic symptoms were positive in 13 patients [16.25%]. Neurological symptoms were positive in 13 patients [16.25%]. Weight loss was found in 44 patients [55%]. Fever was found in 43 patients [53.8%]. Hematuria was found in 25 patients [31.2%]. In terms of platelet count, thrombocytopenia was seen in 33 patients [41.25%]. Mean systolic blood pressure was 86.94 +/- 13.34 and mean diastolic blood pressure in evaluated patients was 54.88 +/- 8.45 mmHg. Mean serum LDH level in patients was 1665.4 +/- 1532.51. The serum LDH levels showed a significant correlation with patient's condition at discharge with P = 0.04
Conclusions: Clinical symptoms, paraneoplastic symptoms, weight loss and fever were the most prominent finding in patients with neuroblastoma. The most common region for evaluation in terms of primary source for neuroblastoma was left adrenal. There was a significant correlation between serum LDH level and patient's outcome
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Wilm's tumor is the second most prevalent intra-abdominal and fifth malignant in pediatric medicine. This tumor includes at least 6 percent of all cancers in children and 95% of all renal tumors in pediatrics. Regarding to its high prevalence and the importance of determining its outcome and therapeutic process for designing a better road map for these patients and also because of the lack of related studies in our region we decided to do this study in order to evaluate the clinical features and outcome of patients with Wilm's tumor referring to Tabriz Children hospital from 2003 to 2009. In this descriptive study, All 44 patients younger than 14 years old which have been operated and received chemotherapy from 2003 to 2009 were enrolled in this study. Data such as age, gender, bleeding, weight loss, hemoglobin, platelet, WBC, PT and PTT counts and associated anomalies were gathered from the hospital records. Eight patients [18.2%] had received chemotherapy before the operation in our study. 50% of tumors was located in right side, 45.5% were located in left side and 4.5% were bilateral. Most of the patients [20 patients, 45.5%] were in stage III of the disease. Tumor histopathology was favorable in 36 [81.8%] and unfavorable in 8 [18.2%]. Associated anomalies were seen in 3 [6.8%] patients. Most seen sign were mass feeling, weight loss, loss of appetite, malaise and fever in this study. Most complications were seen in liver and lungs. No statistically significant difference was seen between two genders regarding the outcome [p=0.48], complication [p=0.96] and disease stage [p=0.43]. The outcome was statistically significant different between two kinds of histopathology [p=0.007]. The age average was lower in our study comparing with similar studies. The histopathology of tumor was favorable in most of our patients and the majority was in stage III of the disease. As it was expected there was a significant relation between histopathology and the outcome of the patients