RESUMEN
Background: Deep Venous Thrombosis (DVT) and subsequent Pulmonary Embolism (PE) are one of the mosteminent causes of preventable deaths in nosocomial settings. The prevalence is increasing and they have variableclinical presentations encountered in community settings as well as hospitalized patients requiring timely andobligatory prophylaxis. Objective: This study aims to review prophylactic measures for deep venousthrombosis/pulmonary embolism highlighting implemented pharmacologic and mechanical interventions, newerand yet investigational techniques such as neuromuscular electrical stimulation towards reducing prevalence ofvenous thromboembolism. Materials and Methods: A review of relevant articles published between the years of2000 to 2019 in English language was done using the databases of PubMed Pico, Google Scholar and Google,using the predetermined keywords. Conclusion: Venous thromboembolism prevalence is increasing and amongthe various available methods for thromboprophylaxis, pharmacologic approach is the most superior whichinvolves making use of either unfractioned or low molecular weight heparin although the most efficacious is lowmolecular weight heparin as evidenced by several meta-analyses. Anticoagulants have numerous side effectsleading to limitations of their use and in such situations, mechanical methods such as intermittent pneumaticcompression (most effective), graduated compression stockings, and venous foot pump scan can be used. Incircumstances where both medicines and mechanical approach become impractical, neuromuscular electricalstimulation can be implemented even though additional research is required to further elucidate its efficacy andimplications.
RESUMEN
Background: Osteoporosis is characterized by compromised bone strength predisposing to an increased risk of fracture, which has significant effects on human health, quality of life
Objective: To determine the prevalence and determinant factors of osteoporosis among elderly in Arar, KSA
Methods: The present cross sectional community based study was conducted in Arar city, the capital of Northern Borders Governorate on 229 adult people aged 60 years and more. Data were collected through personal interviews with the sampled population and filling the questionnaire which guided us to the data of socio-demographic status, smoking, chronic diseases, already previously diagnosed osteoporosis, after ensuring the diagnosis by reviewing the accompanied health reports and/or prescriptions and asking the accompanied caregivers about the case
Results: The mean age of the participants [+/-SD] was 70.5 [+/- 9.4] years. Males were 48% and females were 52%. The overall prevalence rate of osteoporosis found in this study was 24.5%. There was significant relationship between osteoporosis and sex, presence of thyroid disease [P<0.05]. While there was an insignificant relationship between osteoporosis and age group, BMI group, presence of diabetes mellitus and presence of hypertension [P>0.05]
Conclusion: In conclusion, osteoporosis is a common health problem [24.5%] in the elderly population in Arar city, KSA. Conclusion: Osteoporosis is significantly higher in elderly females. Health education and preventive programs are highly recommended to protect and treat that vulnerable group
RESUMEN
Background: Hypertension is a disease that has a huge impact on the health of communities. Familial patterns of hypertension suggests genetic factor as an another important non-modifiable predisposing factor, and ABO blood group is one of such factors which needs to be investigated in more details
Objective: to evaluate the prevalence of hypertension in various ABO and Rh blood group subjects, and to explore any association between ABO and Rh blood groups with hypertension. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Arar city, Northern Saudi Arabia. It included 312 participants from the general population of Northern Saudi Arabia. Data were collected by a pre-designed online questionnaire which was distributed among the population. It was self-administered, after a brief explanation of the idea of the research. The questionnaire included the clear questions to collect the relevant data
Results: the study included 312 participants 28.8% aged 30-39 years, 26.0% aged 40year or more, 85.3% were females and 79.2% were highly educated. In the studied sample, 38.1% had O blood group, 30.1% had B blood group, 26% had A blood group and 5.8% had AB blood group. About fifth [20.5%] of studied sample had hypertension; from them 20.3% group A, 7.8% AB, 25% B and 46.9% group O. The present study found that there was no significant association between hypertension and blood groups as risk factors [P = 0.274]. Among hypertensive cases 85.9% Rh +ve, 14.1% Rh -ve, there was no significant association between hypertension and Rh factor [P = 489]
Conclusion: The findings of the present study indicated that in Arar city population, we could not find any evidence that particular ABO blood group was more susceptible to develop hypertension