RESUMEN
Background: Cerebal palsy [CP] is a group of disorders that characterized by long term disability which affects the developmental process with consequent negative impact on the general status of CP children
Objective: To provide the first meta-analysis of Egyptian studies regarding risk factors [prenatal,natal and postnatal] in children with CP
Methodology: According to PRISMA statment, the researcher reviewed the Egyptian theses, papers, journals, in English language, searching for the eligible studies published from January,2000 to the end of June 2017. Meta-analysis was done using MedCalc software ver.12.7.7.0.the pool of 78 studies involved a total sample of 7338 children with CP and 961 control children [26 articles directly related to to risk factors in relation to CP]
Results: Positive consanguinity in CP children had an Odds Ratio 1.7 [Z= 2.25, P= 0.024]. The prevalent risk factors pooled random effect proportions in CP children are: hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy 54.4%, recurrent chest infectionns 62.3%, epilepsy 47%, 1st birth order 43.2% birith asphyxia 40.3% difficult labor 35%, brain atrophy 34% hospital delivery 32%, prenatal risk factors 22%, postnatal risk factors 20.2%, neonatal jaundice in 18%, positive family history 16% and premature rupture of membranes 15.3%
Conclusion: there is insufficient evidence to implicate any factor in CP etiology. there is a need for large, prospective, population-based studies with the goal of elucidating the modifiable risk factors
RESUMEN
Introduction: The normal microbial flora of the vagina plays an important role in preventing genital and urinary tract infections in women. Thus an accurate understanding of the composition and ecology of the ecosystem is important to understand the aetiology of these diseases. In addition, microorganisms possibly those associated with bacterial vaginosis may inhabit the uterine cavity [bacteria endometrialis] where they are responsible for some common gynecological and obstetric enigmas. The aim of the present work was to study vaginal and uterine ecosystem in some gynecologic disorders aiming at reconsidering the place of appropriate antibiotic regimens
Subjects and Methods: The present study was conducted on 100 patients admitted to Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Ain Shams University Hospital. Their ages ranged from 36-60 years and they were all indicated for hysterectomy. Informed consent was obtained from each patient. They were subjected to history taking, general and local examinations and vaginal PH measurement before taking the specimens. The specimens included three swabs taken from cervical os and the posterior fornix of vagina immediately before the operation and three endometrial swabs taken immediately after hysterectomy and incising the uterine wall using full aseptic technique. Swabs were used for preparation of direct Gram stained smear, Isolation of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Results in the present study showed that metrorrhgia and uterine fibromyomas were the most common indications for hysterectomy and Lactobacilli were the most commonly isolated organism, followed by coagulase negative Staph, Diphtheroids, Peptococci, anaerobic Gram -ve bacilli and Gardnerella vaginalis [G Vaginalis]. However, there was no statistically significant association between any of the isolated organisms and the indications for hysterectomy. In premenopausal patients, Lactobacilli were the most commonly isolated organism while coagulase negative Staph was the most commonly isolated organism from postmenopausal patients. With exception of Lactobacilli, the difference between premenopausal and postmenopausal women regarding isolated organisms was statistically none significant. Organisms were isolated from the uterine cavity in 11 patients and the most commonly isolated organisms were G vaginalis and Staph aureus. Each organism was isolated from four cases, anaerobic Gram -ve bacilli was isolated from two cases and Peptococci was isolated only in one case. It could be concluded that presence of bacteria in the endometrial cavity could be implicated as a significant previously unrecognized; cause of obstetrics and gynecologic diseases, as in recent years, an unexpected infectious aetiology has been found for a variety of clinical conditions. Thus, the place of appropriate antibiotic regimens would need careful consideration. However, further studies are needed to confirm these results
RESUMEN
The purpose of this work is to develop a sensitive, selective and validated stability -indicating HPLC assay for the analysis of aspartame tablets. Aspartame and its potential impurities or degradation products are analyzed on C[18] Column using a mobile phase containing monobasic potassium phosphate buffer solution [pH = 3.5] and acetonitrile [85:15]. The samples were detected using a UV detector at 210 nm. The forced degradation conditions include the effect of heat, oxidation, light, and acid - base hydrolysis to get the degradation products. The effect of many pharmaceutical excipients on the selectivity and recovery was studied. The linear range of aspartame is between 0.2 and 2 mg/ml. the developed method shows a separation of aspartame potential impurities and its degradation products in one run without interference from the tablet excipients. The relative standard deviation for instrumental precision is not more than [2%]. The selectivity, linearity, range, and accuracy of the developed method show acceptable value. The developed method is suitable for quality control and stability studies of aspartame tablets