Venous flow abnormalities cirrhotic patients with caudate lobe enlargement

The present study was carried out on 30 patients diagnosed as liver cirrhosis and 10 normal control subjects. Patients were subjected to thorough clinical evaluation, battery of laboratory investigations, upper GIT endoscopy and abdominal ultrasonography. Percutaneous needle liver biopsy was done in 13 patients and documented the presence of cirrhosis. Study of the main portal vein and inferior vena cava by the ultrasonic duplex and color-coded Doppler was done for both patients and normal control. Results showed that the transverse diameter of the caudate lobe of the liver was significantly enlarged in patients compared to the control group. Duplex assessment of the inferior vena cava showed that it was compromised in 16 out of the 20 patients having an enlarged caudate lobe. Esophageal varices were present in 87.5% and 53.8% of patients with [group A] and patients without [group B] inferior vena cava compromise, respectively. Moreover, there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding the incidence of renal impairment [43.75% in group A and 15.2% in group B]. Ascites was present in 75% and 53% of cases in groups A and B respectively. The difference proved to be statistically significant. Results showed that there was no significant difference between both groups regarding the portal vein diameter and flow velocity

Cigarette smoking and central adiposity

The present study was carried out on 200 male obese subjects. They were nondiabetic nonhypertensive. Their ages ranged between 30 and 60 years. They were divided into two groups, one group included 100 smokers and the other included 100 nonsmokers. Subjects were clinically evaluated with special emphasis on the duration of smoking and the number of cigarettes smoked per day. Some anthropometric measurements were done including estimation of body weight and height, body mass index, waist girth, hip girth and waist/hip ratio. Results showed that there was a statistically significant increase in the waist/hip ratio in the smoker group compared to the nonsmoker group [P= 0.001]. Also, there was a statistically significant correlation between the duration of smoking and both body mass index [BMI] [P= 0.53] and waist/hip ratio [P= 0.026]. So, there was increased central obesity in the smokers than nonsmokers. Thus, smoking may cause redistribution of body fat in the form of more fat in the waist region

Cigarette smoking and central adiposity

The present study was carried out on 200 male obese subjects. They were nondiabetic nonhypertensive. Their ages ranged between 30 and 60 years. They were divided into two groups, one group included 100 smokers and the other included 100 nonsmokers. Subjects were clinically evaluated with special emphasis on the duration of smoking and the number of cigarettes smoked per day. Some anthropometric measurements were done including estimation of body weight and height, body mass index, waist girth, hip girth and waist/hip ratio. Results showed that there was a statistically significant increase in the waist/hip ratio in the smoker group compared to the nonsmoker group [P= 0.001]. Also, there was a statistically significant correlation between the duration of smoking and both body mass index [BMI] [P= 0.53] and waist/hip ratio [P= 0.026]. So, there was increased central obesity in the smokers than nonsmokers. Thus, smoking may cause redistribution of body fat in the form of more fat in the waist region