In vitro susceptibility of pseudomonas aeurogenosa isolated from urinary tract of patients with uti to doxycycline and tigecyclin and comparison with other anti pseudomona antibiotics

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a gram negative bacillus. Infection with these bacteria usually occur! in patients who hospitalized due to: need for prolonged stay in ICU, those who have intravascular catheters, or indwelling urinary catheters

This Study investigates in vitro susceptibility of pseudomonas aeruginosa which were isolated from patients with UTI to doxycycline, tigecycline, ceftazidime, cefepime, piperacillin/tazobactam, impipenem, meropenem, colistin, ciprofloxacin, nitrofurantoin, amikacin] with standard disk diffusion. Comparing the, susceptibility results of disk diffusion with E.test for doxycycline and tigecycline is another aim. Other purpose of this study was to define MDR pseudomonas aeruginosa susceptibility to doxycycline and tigecycline

Methods: Sixty pseudomonas aeruginosa which was isolated after biochemical and bacteriological test, were entered to study and susceptibility to above antibiotics was tested by disk diffusion. For doxycycline and tigecycline antibiogram by two methods were performed: disk diffusion and Etest

Result: Maximum susceptibility was observed for colistin =95% followed by sensitivity in decreasing order for these antibiotics .Meropenem 76% Imipenem= Cefepime

Conclusion: In vitro susceptibility of isolated pseudomonas aeruginosa to studied antibiotics [with exception of colistin] was less than 80% even for carbapenems

Disk diffusion for doxycycline and tigecycline wasn't effective for differentiation intermediate resistance from sensitive. Calculation of cohens Kappa for agreement was moderate. Most of MDR pseudomonas aeruginosa was resistant to doxycycline and tigecycline

[Cassette chromosome mec typing of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus isolates collected from Sina and Imam Reza Hospitals of Tabriz]

Backgrounds and Objectives: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is a cause of nosocomial infections leading to high mortality. Since these strains have become prevalent in the world, it is necessary to identify and type them

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted to study a total of 1475 specimens collected from patients of Imam Reza and Sina hospitals of Tabriz in 2012-2013. Using phenotypic tests such as Gram stain, catalase, coagulase, DNase and mannitol fermentation 169 isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and by utilizing methicillin-resistance test 100 MRSA isolates were identified. SCCmec typing was performed by multiplex PCR method and the results were analyzed using chi-square tests using SPSS-18 software

Results: Disc agar diffusion test using cefoxitin disc [30 microg] showed methicillin resistance in 59% of our isolates. mecA and femB genes were identified in all of the MRSA isolates using PCR method. Frequency of SCCmec types and sub-types were as follow: SCCmecIII [77%], SCCmecI [5%], SCCmecIVa [1%], SCCmecIVc [1%], mixed isolates SCCmecIVc-III [1%] and Non typeable isolates [15%]. Non typeable isolates recovered in two groups [10% without any band and 5% of multi-bands III-I]. In this study, 82% of isolates were HA-MRSA, 3% were CA-MRSA and 15% were Non-typeable

Conclusion: In our S. aureus isolates, the prevalence of methicillin resistance was 59%. The most frequent SCCmec type was SCCmecIII [77%]. Our results demonstrated the spread of HA-MRSA isolates in the community and propagating CA-MRSA isolates in the studied hospitals

[Evaluation of diagnostic value of DW sequence in differentiating infectious spondylitis from degenerative endplate type1]

Background and Objectives: DWI is one of the useable sequences in MRI which currently being used in the assessment of vertebral column especially for malignant or benign causes. Considering that few studies have been performed regarding the use of DW sequences in spondylitis differentiating of disease with degenerative changes of vertebral yet; hence we intended to found the diagnostic value of DW sequence in spondylitis differentiating of infectious from degenerative changes of end plate type 1 with designing this study

Materials and Methods: This study was carried out on patients who referred to the Pejvak MRI center with spondylitis lesions and osteochondrosis grade I, involving the vertebral column during 2012-2013; and to differentiate these lesions was used the T1, T2 and DWI sequences. Obtained results were analyzed by SPSSv16 statistical software

Results: In this study, in T1WI sequences the images of both groups was hyposignal and in T2WI sequences was hypersignal [p=0.01]. In DW sequence with b value of 50, 400 and 800 [s/mm[2]] was observed that the signal changes in higher b value was apparent and in lower b value both detection had many similarities to each other due to the annoying effect of T2 Shine-through. As well as the mean of ADC map in spondylitisis images] 1.31 +/- 0.24x 10-3 mm2 /s[was less than osteochondrosis grade I with a mean ADC map [1.79 +/- 0.24x 10-[3] mm[2] /s] P<0.001]

Conclusion: The results of this study showed images with high b value could be having a good differentiation to distinguish the spondylitis from osteocondrosis

Mushroom poisoning in northwest of Iran

Mycetismus or mushroom poisoning is an important health concern and a potentially fatal state that usually occurs after incidental ingestion of mushroom's sexual organs or fruiting bodies of fungus among the mycologists and the one who desire a natural or organic diet. The vast majority of mortality due to mushroom poisonings is attributed to fungus belonging to genus Amanita. This report describes 34 cases with A. phalloides mushroom poisoning regarding the epidemiological presentation, clinical manifestation and laboratory findings. These patients were admitted in three hospitals of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences during 1989-1994. The age of victims ranged from 4-75 years. Diagnosis of A. phalloides mushroom poisoning was confirmed by mycologist in 12 cases, toxicological studies in 5 cases and combined mycological and toxicological approaches in 3 cases. It was only suspected in 14 cases as the patients had died before being admitted or immediately after hospitalization. Ingestion of doubtful mushrooms was found either in their histories or mushrooms poisoning was documented in their relatives. Most of the victims [68%] were affected in spring, while no case was reported in summer. Mushroom poisoning should be considered in differential diagnosis of any case of acute gastroenteritis, especially during spring and fall when moderate temperature and moist conditions facilitate mushroom's growth