RESUMEN
Background: Resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to imipenem was medical treatment problem, especially in burnt units of hospitals
Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of Fe[2]O[3] nanoparticles alone and functionalized with imipenem on P. aeruginosa starins producing metallo beta-lactamases [MBL]
Materials and Methods: A disk diffusion method was used to isolate a clinical P. aeruginosa producing Metallo beta-lactamases with imipenem resistance. The minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] of Fe[2]O[3] nanoparticles and imipenem were calculated against the bacteria. The antimicrobial effect of nanoparticles functionalized with the antibiotic was determined. Standard strain of P. aeruginosa ATCC: 27853 was used as control
Results: The clinical sample was resistant to imipenem [up to 28 micro g.mL[-1]]. Similarly, MIC of the nanoparticles against the isolate was 160 micro g.mL[-1]. Subsequently, the combination of 16 pg.mL[-1] of antibiotic with 80 micro g.mL[-1] of Fe[2]O[3] nanoparticles were able to inhibit the growth of the isolate
Conclusions: Fe[2]O[3] nanoparticles functionalized with imipenem can impair antibiotic resistance mechanisms of bacteria as it can make the imipenem resistant the aforementioned bacterium more susceptible to weaker concentrations of antibiotic. It also has its own antibacterial effect in certain concentrations
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disease of the gastrointestinal tract, whose etiologies are still unknown. This study was performed to evaluate the humoral immune response in terms of B cell functions in selected IBD patients. METHODS: Eighteen pediatric patients with IBD, including 12 cases of ulcerative colitis (UC) and six with Crohn disease (CD), were enrolled in this study. The pneumococcal vaccine was injected in all patients, and the IgG antibody level to the polysaccharide antigen was measured before and 4 weeks after injection. The B cell switch-recombination process was evaluated. RESULTS: Five patients with IBD (three CD and two UC) had defects in B cell switching, which was significantly higher than in controls (p=0.05). Ten patients had a specific antibody deficiency and exhibited a higher frequency of bacterial infection than the healthy group. The mean increased level of IgG after vaccination was lower in IBD patients (82.9+/-32.5 microg/mL vs 219.8+/-59.0 microg/mL; p=0.001). Among the patients who had an insufficient response, no significant difference in the number of switched memory B-cell was observed. CONCLUSIONS: A defect in B lymphocyte switching was observed in pediatric IBD patients, and especially in those patients with CD. Owing to an increased risk of bacterial infections in those patients with antibody production defects, pneumococcal vaccination could be recommended. However, not all patients can benefit from the vaccination, and several may require other prophylactic methods.