Impacto del uso de rosuvastatina en los primeros días de un síndrome coronario agudo en la fiunción endotelial y el poder oxidativo / Influence of rosuvastatin in endothelial function and oxidative stress, in patients with acute coronary syndrome

PURPOSE: The endothelial function is the cornerstone of several cardiovascular disease. In this trial we compared how the Nitric Oxide (NO) and Oxidative Stress (OS) serum levels, as surrogate markers of endothelial function, change in patients who received (or not) rosuvastatin during the first seven days of an acute coronary syndrome (ACS). METHODS: Twenty-two patients with ACS (age:66 +/- 9 years, gender: ten female and 12 male) were randomized in two groups. Patients in the first group (G1) received the conventional treatment for an ACS, plus placebo. The other group (G2) additionally received a daily oral dose of 40 mg of rosuvastatin. We measured the blood levels of nitrates and OS in both groups twice: at baseline (admission to Intensive care unit) and seven days after. The statistical analysis was performed using the paired t-test or the Chi2 test depending of the variables. Statistical significance was considered with a p < 0.05. RESULTS: Groups (G1 and G2) differed statistically on age (G1=71 years +/- 10 vs. G2 63 +/- 9 years, p=0.04). After 7 days of the ACS onset, ON levels diminished on 21% (p=0.17) in G1, but raised on 24% in the group who re- ceived rosuvastatin (p=0.005), with statistically difference between groups (p=0.005). On the other hand, the OS, augmented statistically on both groups: G1 (17%, p<0.001) and G2 (13%, p<0.001), without any difference between groups (p=0.77). Conclusion: The endothelial dysfunction in the first days of an ACS is accentuated, but with the use of rosuvastatina, the endothelial function improves. In contrast, the OS increase in both groups, without differences between groups.

Evaluación de cuatro protocolos de sincronización para inseminación a tiempo fijo en vacas Bos indicus lactantes / Evaluation of four synchronization protocols for fixed-time artificial insemination in Bos indicus lactating cows

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar cuatro protocolos de sincronización para inseminación artificial a tiempo fijo (IATF) en vacas Bos indicus lactantes. Se seleccionaron 120 vacas Brahman entre 45 y 120 días postparto y fueron ubicadas aleatoriamente en uno de cuatro tratamientos. El tratamiento Crestar consistió en un implante auricular de norgestomet y una inyección de norgestomet y valerato de estradiol, el día 9 se retiró el implante y se aplicó eCG; la IATF se realizó 48-52 horas después. El tratamiento GPG consistió en una inyección de gonadorelina, el día 7 una inyección de D-cloprostenol y el día 9 una segunda inyección de gonadorelina e IATF 18-22 horas después. El tratamiento GPE fue similar al tratamiento GPG, excepto que la segunda dosis de GnRH fue reemplazada por benzoato de estradiol (BE) el día 8 e IATF 30-32 horas después. El tratamiento CIDR-B consistió en la aplicación del dispositivo intravaginal más una inyección de BE y otra de progesterona, 7 días después se retiró el dispositivo y se aplicó D-cloprostenol, el día 8 una inyección de BE y la IATF 30-32 horas después. El diagnostico de preñez fue determinado mediante ultrasonografia transrectal 35 días después de la IATF. El tratamiento Crestar tuvo una tasa de preñez superior (P<0,01) a los demás tratamientos (55,7 por ciento versus 19,4 por ciento, 22,5 por ciento y 21,8 por ciento, respectivamente). Los resultados del presente estudio indican que es posible obtener tasas de preñez aceptables con la IATF en vacas B. indicus lactantes y que los tratamientos con dispositivos de liberación de progesterona más eCG pueden mejorar el desempeño reproductivo de las vacas.

The objective of this study was the evaluation of four synchronization protocols for fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) in Bos indicus lactancting cows. Brahman cows (n=120) between 60 and 120 days postpartum were randomly assigned to one of four syncronization treatments. The Crestar treatment consisted of the aplication of ear implant of norgestomet and an injection of norgestomet and estradiol valerate, on day 9 the implant was removed and the cows received an eCG injection; the FTAI was performed 48-52 hours later. In the GPG treatment the cows received an injection of gonadorelina on day 0, an injection of D-cloprostenol on day 7, a second injection of gonadorelina on day 8 and FTAI 18-22 hours later. The GPE treatment was similar to GPG, but the second dose of gonadorelina was replaced by an estradiol benzoate (EB) injection and the FTAI was performed 30-32 hours later. The CIDR-B treatment consisted of the aplication of intravaginal device, an injection of EB and progesterone, the device was removed 7 days later, at the same time the cows received an injection of D-cloprostenol, on day 8 the cows received an injection of EB and FTAI 30-32 hours later. Pregnancy was diagnosed by transrectal ultrasonography 35 days after TAI. Crestar treatment has a higher pregnancy rate (P<0,01) than the other treatments (55.7 vs 19.4, 22.5 y 21.8% respectively). The findings of this experiment show that is possible to get acceptable pregnancy rates with FTAI in B. indicus lactating cows and progesterone releasing devices plus eCG treatments should improve reproductive performance of cows.