RESUMEN
The thyroid nodule is a frequent cause of primary care consultation. The prevalence of a palpable thyroid nodule is approximately 4-7%, increasing up to 67% by the incidental detection of nodules on ultrasound. The vast majority are benign and asymptomatic, staying stable over time. The clinical importance of studying a thyroid nodule is to exclude thyroid cancer, which occurs in 5 to 10% of the nodules. The Board of SOCHED (Chilean Society of Endocrinology and Diabetes) asked the Thyroid Study Group to develop a consensus regarding the diagnostic management of the thyroid nodule in Chile, aimed at non-specialist physicians and adapted to the national reality. To this end, a multidisciplinary group of 31 experts was established among university academics, active researchers with publications on the subject and prominent members of scientific societies of endocrinology, head and neck surgery, pathology and radiology. A total of 14 questions were developed with key aspects for the diagnosis and subsequent referral of patients with thyroid nodules, which were addressed by the participants. In those areas where the evidence was insufficient or the national reality had to be considered, the consensus opinion of the experts was used through the Delphi methodology. The consensus was approved by the SOCHED board for publication.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Glándula Tiroides/patología , Glándula Tiroides/diagnóstico por imagen , Nódulo Tiroideo/diagnóstico , Consenso , Chile , Factores de Riesgo , Medición de Riesgo , Biopsia con Aguja FinaRESUMEN
Los odontomas están compuestos de esmalte, dentina, cemento y tejido pulpar. Histológicamente se clasifican en 2 grupos: compuestos y complejos, mientras que clínicamente se clasifican en 3 tipos: odontoma central (intraóseo), odontoma periférico (extraóseo o de los tejidos blandos) y odontoma erupcionado. Epidemiológicamente son reportados como los tumores odontogénicos más frecuentes, sin embargo la erupción de este tipo de lesión es poco común, produciéndose en el 1,6% de los casos. Por lo general son asintomáticos, siendo comúnmente un hallazgo radiográfico, y en algunos casos pueden estar asociados con alteraciones de la erupción dentaria. Este estudio corresponde a un caso clínico de un odontoma complejo de gran tamaño que erupciona en la cavidad oral asociado a un molar retenido.
Odontomas consist of enamel, dentin, cementum, and pulp tissue. Histologically, they are classified into 2 groups: compounds and complexes. They are also clinically classified into 3 types: Central odontoma (intraosseous), peripheral odontoma (extraosseous or soft tissue odontoma) and erupted odontoma. Epidemiologically they are reported as the most frequent odontogenic tumor, however, the eruption of this type of lesion is rare, and odontoma occurs only in 1.6% of cases.