Hipotiroidismo y su asociación con otras patologías: una revisión narrativa / Hypothyroidism and its association with other pathologies: a narrative review

Introducción: El hipotiroidismo es la insuficiente producción de hormona tiroidea, para satisfacer las necesidades corporales. Este puede ser primario (con pérdida de la función de la glándula tiroidea) o secundario (por falta de estimulación de la glándula). Dada la alta prevalencia del hipotiroidismo, y frecuentes asociaciones con otras enfermedades, se realizó una revisión que puntualiza aspectos de interés clínico en esta patología, que pueden resultar útiles en la práctica médica. Metodología: Se efectuó una búsqueda bibliográfica en PubMed, PubMed Central, MEDLINE Complete, Epistemonikos, Europe PMC y Scielo. Se buscaron los términos "hipotiroidismo" y "tiroides", y se acortaron los artículos a los últimos 5 años. Resultados: Se incluyeron en total 36 artículos publicados en Inglés y en Español. Se seleccionaron aquellos relacionados al hipotiroidismo que exponen asociaciones con otras patologías. Entre estas patologías se encuentra la diabetes, las dislipidemias, enfermedades cardiovasculares, hepáticas, entre otras. Conclusiones: El hipotiroidismo es una patología prevalente que se asocia de forma frecuente con muchas otras comorbilidades que hay que tener en cuenta a la hora de abordar estos pacientes, y con ello tomar las mejores decisiones diagnósticas y terapéuticas.

Introduction: Hypothyroidism is the insufficient production of thyroid hormone to meet the bodily needs. This can be primary (with loss of function of the thyroid glands) or secondary (due to lack of stimulation of the glands). Given the high prevalence of hypothyroidism, and frequent associations with other diseases, a review was carried out that points out aspects of clinical interest in this pathology, which may be useful in medical practice. Methodology: A bibliographic search was carried out in PubMed, PubMed Central, MEDLINE Complete, Epistemonikos, Europe PMC and Scielo. The terms "hypothyroidism" and "thyroid" were searched, and the articles were shortened to the last 5 years. Results: A total of 36 articles published in English and Spanish were included. Those related to hypothyroidism that exhibit associations with other pathologies were selected. These pathologies include diabetes, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular and liver diseases, among others. Conclusions: Hypothyroidism is a prevalent pathology that is frequently associated with many other comorbidities that must be taken into account when dealing with these patients, and thus make the best diagnostic and therapeutic decisions.

Hipofosfatemia revertida al extirpar hemangioendotelioma compuesto del dedo mayor del pie / Reversion of hypophosphatemia after the excision of a composite hemangioendothelioma in the great toe

We report a 43 years old male admitted to the hospital for progressive lumbar pain, lasting 20 years, that caused severe disability. On admission the patient had a serum phosphate of 2 mg/dl, an urine phosphate excretion over 300 mg/dl and serum alkaline phosphatases over 750 U/L. Serum intact parathormone was normal and tubular maximum phosphorus/glomerular filtration was 0.7 mg/dl. Bone scintigraphy showed an increased radionuclide uptake in condro-costal joints. Bone densitometry showed femoral osteoporosis. A violet colored mass was detected in a great toe. It was removed and the pathological diagnosis was a composite hemangioendothelioma. After tumor excision, serum phosphate levels returned to normal values and symptoms disappeared within 15 days.