Features of retinopathy of prematurity in a tertiary care hospital in Lahore

To study the demographic and clinical features of Retinopathy of Prematurity in urban Punjab. The cross-sectional study was performed at Hameed Latif Hospital, Lahore, from April 2010 to October 2013 and comprised neonates born with birth weight less than 2000g, gestational age less than 37 weeks, or those who were considered high risk for Retinopathy of Prematurity. Variables recorded included history, birth weight, gestational age, oxygen supplementation, development of Retinopathy of Prematurity, and laser treatment. Data was analysed using SPSS 17. There were 285 neonates in the study with a mean birth weight of 1280.34 +/- 350.43g and mean gestational age being 29.38 +/- 3.14 weeks. Overall, 167[58.6%] received supplemental oxygen, 86[30.2%] were anaemic and 44[15.4%] received blood transfusion. Besides, 47[16.5%] premature babies were product of multiple gestation, 34[11.9%] were having respiratory distress, 25[8.8%] had sepsis and received intravenous antibiotics, 70[24.6%] developed Retinopathy of Prematurity, and 22[7.7%] developed threshold disease and received laser treatment at mean gestational age of 32.11 +/- 2.53 weeks. Screening is key to preventing childhood blindness caused by Retinopathy of Prematurity. Prematurity, low birth weight and supplemental oxygen therapy are significant risk factors for the condition

Comparison of three port and two port technique of silicone oil removal

Objective: this study was conducted to see whether the three port or two port technique is better to remove the silicone oil in patients who have undergone pars plana vitrectomy and silicone oil injection for the treatment of retinal detachment more than three months ago

Study Design: it was a prospective interventional study

Place and Period of study: conducted in Ophthalmology Departments of Mayo Hospital, KEMU Lahore and Allied Hospital, Punjab Medical College Faisalabad from July 2012 to July 2014

Materials and Methods: total fifty patients were included in this study, aging from 19 to 71 years with an average of 43.71 years. They had undergone pars plana vitrectomy with silicone oil endotamponade, more than three months ago. Prophylactic 360degree laser had been applied to all these cases. These patients were divided into two main groups, A and B, each group comprising of twenty five patients. In group A silicone oil was removed by using three port technique and in group B by two port technique. All patients were examined on the first postoperative day and then after one month. The final best corrected visual acuity was checked postoperatively by Snellen's chart one month after silicone oil removal

Results: on first postoperative day, in group A all patients had attached retina, no silicone oil bubble seen in vitreous cavity while there were few microdroplets of silicone oil. After one month best corrected visual acuity [BCVA] of operated side was on average 0.17, from minimum 0.03 to maximum 0.33. In group B all patients had attached retina, slightly more microdroplets of silicone oil in the vitreous cavity. Two patients [8%] had a part of silicone oil remaining behind in the vitreous cavity. So we had to operate again these patients to remove the last bubble of silicone oil. After one month BCVA of operated side was on average 0.12, from minimum 0.05 to maximum 0.25

Conclusion: the three port technique of silicone oil removal looks to be a better one. The ultimate best corrected visual acuity was slightly better with this technique and there were few microdroplets of silicone oil in vitreous cavity as compared with two port technique

review of 100 cases of ocular trauma admitted in eye ward. Presentation, management and visual outcome

To report different causes of ocular trauma in hospital admitted cases, their mode of presentation, management and visual outcome and to explore possible methods of reduction of ocular trauma in our setting. Hospital based retrospective descriptive and Observational study. The study was conducted in eye department of Bahawal-Victoria hospital from August 2007 to August 2009. 100 patients with first time ocular trauma of any age and sex were included in this study. Previous ocular trauma or ocular surgery patients were excluded. Visual acuity on presentation, rupture of globe, perforating injury, retinal detachment, endophthalmitis, intra-ocular foreign body and need for surgical intervention and visual outcome were determined. Out of 100 patients 88% were male and only 12% were females. 67% patients presented before 8pm. Majority [32%] of the cases were between 21-30 years of age. Open globe type injury [73%] was more common than close globe type [27%]. Most tears [46.57%] were corneal while 9% cases had FB in anterior segment and 17% in posterior segment. Regarding management 23% were managed medically while 77% required combined medical and surgical treatment. Despite of treatment, 12% eyes lost total vision due to phthisis bulbi, endophthmitis, and non-attachable retinal detachment. Ocular trauma in hospital admitted cases carries poor visual outcome due to severity and nature of trauma, late presentation, associated infection, poor socio-economic status. Visual outcome is dependent on location of wound, cleanliness, prompt and timely diagnosis and management