Major Neural Tube Defects With Facial Dismorphism- A Case Report

Neural tube defects [NTDs] are the disorders caused due to non closure of neural tube during 3rd to 4th week of embryonic period. NTDs have an incidence of 1-2 per 1000 births. Major types of NTDs include anencephaly, spinabifida, craniorachischisis, encephalocele, inencephaly. Present study was carried out to study craniorachischisis and associated malformations. Method: study was carried out on 24 weeks aborted female fetus showing gross neural tube defect, in department of anatomy. Result: fetus was having craniorachischisis i.e. complete failure of neurulation along with facial dismorphism and other malformations.

Morphometric Study Of Lung Fissure And Its Variations; A Cadaveric Study From Marathwada Region

Background: With the increase in air pollution; incidence of respiratory diseases varying from viral infections tolung cancers is increased and hence to know lung anatomy and its variation is important for physicians,cardiopulmonary surgeons and medical undergraduates.Purpose of study: to study the morphological variation of the lung fissures. 46 formalin preserved cadavericlungs allotted to undergraduate students in Anatomy Department of MGM medical college Aurangabad werestudied for variations and morphometry of lung fissures.Results: Out of 46 cadaveric lungs of unknown gender 22 were right sided and 24 were of left side. Amongst 22right lungs; 17 (77.27%) lungs have well developed oblique fissure; while 5 (22.72%) lungs had incompleteoblique fissures. Only 5(22.72%) right lungs had complete horizontal fissure, 14(63.63%) right lungs had incompletehorizontal fissures 3(13.63%) lungs had absent horizontal fissure. Out of 24 left lungs 18(75%) specimens havewell developed oblique fissure,6 (25%) left lungs have incomplete oblique fissure while 1(4.16%) left lung hadincomplete horizontal fissure. Present study had incomplete accessory fissure in 3 lung specimen of which 1right lung had superior accessory fissure and 2 left lungs had inferior accessory fissure. There are very fewstudies on lung fissure for Marathwada population.Conclusion: Present study gives idea about possible variations in lung fissures. Present study supports thefrequent occurrance of variations of lungs fissures and lobes. Prior information of such variations is importantfor cardiothoracic surgeons and pulmonologists to avoid post operative complications of surgery or lungprocedures.